The Play of Man

by Karl Groos

[4] Jodl, Lehrbuch der Psychologie, Stuttgart, 1896, p. 425.

[5] He speaks (Psychology des Sentiments, Paris, 1896, p. 195) of an instinctive impulse “à depenser un superflu d’activité.” If, as I believe, this does not mean actual superfluity (Spencer’s “surplus” energy), then it must refer to our natural impulse to seek action and experience. See also Paolo Lombroso, Piacere di esplicare la propria activita. (Saggi di Psicologia del Bambino, Turin, 1894, p. 117.)

[6] Acquired impulses are all developed from natural ones.

[7] In Ribot’s classification these impulses become instincts belonging to the second group (Psychologie des Sentiments, p. 194).

[8] The terms “private” and “public” (or “social”) are used by Baldwin, Social and Ethical Interpretations, section 30, to cover a similar distinction. The terms “autonomic” and “socionomic” impulses would possibly answer.—Ed.

[9] W. Preyer. Die Seele dee Kindes, 4^to Auf., Leipsic, 1895, p. 64.

[10] See the writings of J. Mark Baldwin on the importance of repetition for development. They are frequently cited in what follows.

[11] B. Perez. Ses trois premières années de l’enfant, fifth edition, Paris, 1892, pp. 38, 45.

[12] See G. Stanley Hall, Some Aspects of the Early Sense of Self. American Journal of Psychology, vol. ix, No. 3, 1898.

[13] Op. cit., p. 162.