[668] The previous discussion of this question need not be repeated here.
[669] R. Sommer, Grundzüge einer Geschichte der deutschen Phys. und Aesth., Würzburg, 1892, pp. 98, 266.
[670] Gedanken zu einer Aesthetik auf entwickelungsgeschichtlicher Grundlage. pp. 270, 273.
[671] A similar view is expressed in Lange’s work.
[672] Op. cit., pp. 404, 406.
[673] Ibid., p. 411. Here play is called “unconscious imitation necessitated by hereditary impulses.” In this notice Wundt refers to my views expressed in The Play of Animals as though to me “the playful fights of dogs with their young appeared earlier in the evolution of species than genuine fighting among animals.” But this is not my meaning. I insisted on the presence of hereditary impulses, and assumed that these are brought to perfection during a period of youth devoted to play. Play would, on the whole, contribute more to the weakening of existing instincts than to strengthen them or create new ones.
[674] Ibid.
[675] I have not made this distinction sufficiently clear in The Play of Animals, as K. Lange rightly points out.
[676] See, too, K. Lange, Gedanken zu einer Aesthetik, etc., p. 258.
[677] [By “not psychological at all” was meant not psychological semblance (Scheinthätigkeit) at all, while still such from an objective point of view; so that psychological semblance can not be taken as a universal criterion of play.—J. M. B.]