A generalized view of the main steps in the early progress of the race, which it is thus possible to present, is all that is required for educational ends. Were it possible to present the subject in detail, it would be tedious and unprofitable to all save the specialist. To select from the monotony of the ages that which is most vital, to so present it as to enable the child to participate in the process by which the race has advanced, is a work more in keeping with the spirit of the age. To this end the presentation of the subject is made: First, by means of questions, which serve to develop the habit of making use of experience in new situations; second, by narrative, which is employed merely as a literary device for rendering the subject more available to the child; and third, by suggestions for practical activities that may be carried out in hours of work or play, in such a way as to direct into useful channels energy which when left undirected is apt to express itself in trivial if not in anti-social forms. No part of a book is more significant to the child than the illustrations. In preparing the illustrations for this series as great pains have been taken to furnish the child with ideas that will guide him in his practical activities as to illustrate the text itself.

Mr. Howard V. Brown, the artist who executed the drawings, has been aided in his search for authentic originals by the late J. W. Powell, director of the United States Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, D. C.; by Frederick J. V. Skiff, director of the Field Columbian Museum, Chicago, and by the author. Ethnological collections and the best illustrative works on ethnological subjects scattered throughout the country have been carefully searched for material. Many of the text illustrations of this volume are reproductions of originals found in the caves and rock shelters of France.
K. E. D.
October, 1906.


page
[Dedication] 7
[Preface] 8
[Contents] 12
[Illustrations] 13
THE LATER CAVE-MEN
the age of the chase
page
[The Reindeer Start for their Summer Home] 15
[Chew-chew] 20
[Fleetfoot’s Lessons] 23
[After the Chase] 27
[Why the Cave-men Made Changes in their Weapons] 32
[How the Cave-men Made Delicate Spear Points] 36
[The Return of the Bison] 41
[The First Bison Hunt of the Season] 46
[What Happened when the Children Played with Hot Stones] 50
[Why the Children Began to Eat Boiled Meat] 54
[The Nutting Season] 56
[Why Mothers Taught their Children the Boundary Lines] 62
[What Happened to Fleetfoot] 65
[How the Strangers Camped for the Night] 69
[Fleetfoot is Adopted by the Bison Clan] 72
[How the Cave-men Protected Themselves from the Cold] 77
[How the Children Played in Winter] 81
[Overtaken by a Storm] 84
[How Antler Happened to Invent Snowshoes] 88
[How Antler Made Snares] 92
[How Spears Were Changed into Harpoons] 97
[How the Cave-men Hunted with Harpoons] 101
[How the Cave-men Tested Fleetfoot and Flaker] 105
[Fleetfoot and Flaker See a Combat] 109
[What Happened when Fleetfoot and Flaker Hunted the Bison] 111
[What the Cave-men did for Flaker] 115
[How Flaker Learned to Make Weapons of Bone] 118
[How Flaker Invented the Saw] 121
[The Reindeer Dance] 124
[Fleetfoot Prepares for his Final Test] 128
[Fleetfoot Fasts and Prays] 132
[The Meeting of the Clans] 139
[What Happened when the Clans Found Fleetfoot] 143
[Fleetfoot’s Return] 147
[Willow-grouse] 150
[How Fleetfoot and Willow-grouse Spent the Winter] 153
[How Willow-grouse Learned to Make Needles] 157
[How Flaker Became a Priest and a Medicine Man] 161
[How the Cave-men Learned to Boil and to Dry Foods] 165
[The New Home] 168
[How the Clans United to Hunt the Bison] 173
[How Things Were Made to Do the Work of Men] 178
[How the Cave-men Rewarded and Punished the Clansmen] 182
[Suggestions to Teachers] 185

FULL PAGE
page
[“A feeling of awe came over them while they worked”]Frontispiece
[“Pigeon boiled meat and gave it to the men, and they all
sounded her praises
”]
14
[“The reindeer swam through the deep water and waded
out to the opposite bank
”]
17
[Chew-chew telling stories to Fleetfoot]21
[“Then Scarface threw, and all the horses took fright”]25
[“Chew-chew took her basket and started up the dry ravine”]29
[“She took a flint point and scratched the men’s arms until
she made big scars
”]
31
[“Straightshaft saw the herd at sunrise and made a sign
to the men
”]
42
[“At the close of the day there was not a little valley in the
surrounding country that did not have a herd of two or
three hundred bison
”]
45
[“With a quick snort he turned and charged”]47
[“Chew-chew tried to teach the children how to know the
hissing sound
”]
53
[“All the women and children went nutting”]57
[The wild hogs were having a feast]59
[“Mothers taught their children what the boundaries were”]63
[“A big man caught him, and put him upon his shoulder”]67
[“The tent was an old oak, which reached out long and
low-spreading branches
”]
70
[“Greybeard asked Fleetfoot to drop the hot stones in the
water again
”]
76
[“When the men saw the new garment they wondered how
it was made
”]
79
[“But many could find no protection, so they turned about
and faced the storm
”]
87
[“And so the Cave-men tested the boys in many different ways”]104
[“Then their antlers crashed in a swift charge”]108
[“They looked so much like wolves that they got very close
before the bison threatened
”]
113
[“What the Cave-men did for Flaker”]116
[“People began to wander away from their old homes”]129
[“It was the melting of this glacier which fed the little stream”]136
[“Greybeard, now old and feeble, walked all the way to the spot”]171
[After the bison hunt]181
TEXT
[A reindeer]16
[A stone ax]24
[A stone knife]32
[A laurel leaf]32
[Laurel leaf-shaped spear point]32
[A stone scraper]34
[A shaft-straightener]35
[A delicate spearhead]36
[“When the Cave-men held the flint in the hand,
the hand yielded to the light blow
”]
37
[“While Scarface placed the punch he sang in low tones”]37
[Straightshaft using a flaker]38
[A flaker]39
[An ibex]43
[A bear’s tooth awl]51
[A scraper]73
[A skin stretched on a frame]73
[A hammer of reindeer horn]74
[A cave-man’s glove]80
[A stone maul]89
[Fur gloves]90
[A snowshoe]91
[“Then she set snares on the ground and fastened
them to strong branches
”]
94
[“Antler learned to protect the cord by running it
through a hollow bone
”]
94
[“So it ran along and nibbled the bait until its sharp
teeth cut the cord
”]
95
[A chisel-scraper]98
[A barbed point]99
[A harpoon]100
[Chipper using a spear-noose]102
[A Cave-man’s carving of a “hamstrung” animal]114
[A wedge or tent pin]119
[The head of a javelin]120
[A small antler]121
[A knife with two blades, a saw, and a file, all in one]122
[A Cave-man’s dagger]123
[A Cave-man’s mortar stone]125
[A drum]126
[The engraving of a cave-bear]131
[A stone borer]134
[A necklace of fossil shells]139
[A throwing-stick]145
[An Irish deer]146
[A fragment of a Cave-man’s baton, engraved]147
[A Cave-man’s nose ornament]149
[A Cave-man’s baton, engraved]149
[An Eskimo drawing of reindeer caught in snares]151
[“A piece of sandstone for flattening seams”]152
[A reindeer snare]152
[Three views of a Cave-man’s spearhead]154
[“It was during this time that the Bison clan learned
to use the throwing-stick
”]
155
[Harpoons with several barbs]156
[A bone awl]157
[A bone pin]157
[A large bone needle]157
[A bone from which the Cave-men have sawed out
slender rods for needles
]
158
[A piece of sandstone used by the Cave-men in
making needles
]
158
[A flint comb used in rounding and polishing needles]158
[A flint saw used in making needles of bone]158
[A short needle of bone]159
[A flint comb used in shredding fibers]159
[A long fine needle of bone]159
[Two views of a curved bone tool]160
[A Cave-man’s engraving of two herds of wild horses]162
[A Cave-man’s carving of horses’ heads]163
[A Cave-man’s engraving of a reindeer]163
[Harpoons of reindeer antler]166
[A flint harpoon with one barb]167
[A spoon-shaped stone]167
[A baby’s hood]169
[“In summer he played in the basket cradle”]169
[First step in coiled basketry]170
[Second step in coiled basketry]170
[Three rows of coiled work]170
[A water basket]172
[A Cave-man’s engraving of a tent showing the
interior structure
]
175
[A Cave-man’s engraving of a tent showing the exterior]175
[A Cave-man’s engraving of a tent with covering pulled
one side so as to show the ends of the poles which support
the roof
]
175
[Framework showing the best kind of a tent made
by the Cave-men
]
176
[A tent pin]176
[Handle of a Cave-man’s hunting-knife with engraving]182
[A hunter’s tally]183
[Fragment of Cave-man’s baton]183
[Engraving of a seal upon a bear’s tooth]184
[A Cave-man’s hairpin, engraved]184