Annuals and biennials by seeds, which must be sown in spring, in a gentle heat. The shrubby species by cuttings of half-ripened shoots, which will root in heat at about the same time of the year. C. Marylandica also by division.

Cassine. Celastrineæ.

Increased by ripened cuttings, which will readily strike root if planted in a pot of sand with glass over them.

Cassinia. Compositæ.

Annuals by seeds. The herbaceous and shrubby kinds are increased in spring by dividing the roots, or by cuttings of half-ripened shoots placed in sand.

Castalia. See [Nymphæa].

Castor Bean. See [Ricinus].

Casuarina (Beefwood). Casuarineæ.

Propagated by seeds, or by cuttings made of half-ripened shoots, placed in sand under glass.

Catalpa. Bignoniaceæ.