[15] Cf. "Cun. Texts in the Brit. Mus.," XXVI., p. 26.
[16] See Fig. 40, and cf. Clay, "Documents from the Temple Archives of Nippur," in the "Museum Publications of the Univ. of Pennsylvania," Vol. II., No. 2 (1912), p. 65, from which the drawing has been taken.
[17] See Plate XXI., opposite p. 248.
[18] Cf. Frank, "Das Symbol der Göttin Gestinna," in the "Hilprecht Anniversary Volume" (1909), pp. 104 ff.
[19] Cf. Place, "Ninive et l'Assyrie," III., pl. 31; the plough is there depicted in yellow enamel on a blue ground.
[20] See Budge and King, "Guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian Antiquities in the British Museum," 2nd ed. (1908), p. 221, Figure. George Rawlinson ("Ancient Monarchies," I., p. 567) had already explained the seed-drill in the plough on Esarhaddon's stone.
[21] The Babylonian word for plough, ḳanḳannu, has also survived in the Syriac kenkĕnā, and the Rabbinic ḳanḳannâ; cf. Frank, op. cit., p. 165 f. This use of the determinative erû, "copper," before the Babylonian word, suggests that metal was employed for the plough-share from a very early period.
[22] On the cultivation of the date-palm and the Babylonian method of artificial fertilization, see Herodotus, I., 193; and cp. Tylor, "Proc. Soc. Bibl. Arch.," XII. (1890), pp. 383 ff.
[23] Even the modern Arabic name for such a raft, kelek, is derived from the Assyrian word for the same form of vessel, kalaku, as was first pointed out by Johnson.
[24] This is the custom at the present day, and we know that it also existed at the time of Herodotus (cf. I., 194); but his description of the structure of the "boats" applies, not to the raft or kelek, but to the gufa, a small coracle, which was used only for local traffic.