CHAPTER I
TRANSITION PERIOD
THE LODGES OF BERGAMO AND CREMONA
| 1. | 1137 | Magister Fredus or Gufredus | Built S. Maria Maggiore, Bergamo. | ||||
| 2. | 1212 | M. Adam of Arogno | Chief architect of Trent cathedral. | ||||
| 3. | 1274 | M. Jacobus Porrata of Como | Made the wheel window atCremona. | ||||
| 4. | 1289 | M. Bonino with Guglielmo da Campione | Made the stairway on the northof Cremona cathedral. | ||||
| 5. | 1329 | M. Ugo or Ugone of Campione | Sculptured the tomb of Longhidegli Alessandri at Bergamo. | ||||
| 6. | 1340 | M. Giovanni, son of Ugone | Built the Baptistery and façadeof S. Maria Maggiore at Bergamo. | ||||
| 7. | M. Antonio, son of Jacopo da Castellazzo in Val d'Intelvi | Worked under Giovanni di Ugoin building Bellano church. | |||||
| 8. | M. Comolo, son of M.Gufredo da Asteno | ||||||
| 9. | M. Nicolino, son of Giovanni | Helped Giovanni di Ugone inthe façade at Bergamo. | |||||
| 10 | 1351 | M. Antonio | sons of Cattaneo of Campione | ||||
| 11 | M. Giovanni | ||||||
| 12 | M. Niccola, son of Giovanni | Worked at the church of St. Anthony of Padua in 1263. | |||||
| 13 | M. Pergandi, another son of Ugone | ||||||
| 14 | 1360 | M. Giovanni, son of Giovanni da Campione | Finished his father's work at Bergamo. | ||||
THE ANTELAMI SCHOOL.—PARMA
| 1. | 1178 | Magister Benedetto da Antelamo | Pulpit of Parma cathedral(1178). Baptistery of Parma(1196). | |
| 2 & 3. | 1181 | M. Martino and M. Otto Bono | ||
| 4. | 1256 | M. Giorgio da Iesi | Fermo cathedral (1227). Iesi(1237). Parma (1256). | |
| 5. | 1280 | M. Giovanni Bono da Bissone | Chief architect at Padua (1246), at Parma (1280). | |
| 6. | M. Guido | Worked with Giovanni Bono at Padua and Pistoja. | ||
| 7. | M. Niccolao, son of Giovanni | This group forms the link with Pistoja and the Tuscan schools. | ||
| 8. | M. Bernardino | |||
| 9. | M. Johannes Benvenuti | |||
PADUA
| 1. | Magister Graci | Employed. | ||
| 2. | 1263 | M. Egidio, son of M. Graci | All worked together at the church of St. Anthony. | |
| 3. | M. Ubertino, son of Lanfranco | |||
| 4. | M. Nicola, son of Giovanni | |||
| 5. | M. Pergandi, son of Ugone of Mantua | |||
| 6. | 1264 | M. Zambono, or Giovanni | Father of M. Nicola. These two form the link with Parma. | |
| 1264 | Bono da Bissone, near Como | |||
| 7. | 1264 | M. Benedetto da Verona | Worked at Padua with Zambono.At Verona he isstyled Benedetto da Antelamo.Probably a descendantof the one at Parma. | |
The rise of the Romanesque is the stepping-stone to the Renaissance of Art in Italy. We need not enter at length into all the vexed questions of how this Renaissance began, and which school was the link between that and classic art, but a slight glance must be given to the subject. Some make everything begin from Niccolò Pisano, as though he suddenly sprang ancestorless out of the darkness, a full-fledged artist. Some date the rise of art from the Byzantines in Aquileja and Venice; others again from the union of the Normans with the Saracens in Sicily.
First, as to Pisa. There are no records or signs of a school of art indigenous to Pisa, before the building of the Duomo there. Both Morrona[124] and Ridolfi, the historians of the respective cities, have well searched the archives in both Pisa and Lucca, but can find no single reference to any native artist before the Duomo of Pisa was begun, or even of any Pisan who worked at that building as early as the eleventh century. All the first architects seem to have been imported. Morrona asserts that when the cathedral was begun "the most famous Masters (mark the word) from foreign (stranieri) parts, assembled together to give their work to the building." The word stranieri is used by all old Italians not only as meaning foreigners, but Italians from other provinces. Ridolfi, on his part, affirms that at the beginning, the Maestri di Como were the only ones employed in building the chief churches at Lucca; adding that—"Many of the works show certain symbols, monsters and foliage, which were always a special characteristic of the Comacines, and a sign of the Freemasonry founded and propagated by them."[125]