300b. Gray ruffed grouse. Bonasa umbellus umbelloides. Rare resident; a more northern species, but a few breed in Colorado just below timber-line; winters in higher foothills.
304. White-tailed ptarmigan. Lagopus leucurus. Common resident; one of the most strictly alpine species; breeds entirely above timber-line from 11,500 to 13,500 feet; thence ranging to the summits of the highest peaks. Only in severest winter weather do they come down to timber-line; rarely to 8,000 feet. In winter they are white; in summer fulvous or dull grayish-buff, barred and spotted with black. This bird is colloquially called the "mountain quail." The brown-capped leucosticte is the only other Colorado species that has so high a range.
305. Prairie hen. Tympanuchus americanus. Resident; uncommon and local.
308b. Prairie sharp-tailed grouse. Pediœcetes phasianellus campestris. Resident, not common; once common, but killed and driven out by pothunters; some breed in Middle Park; noted in winter at 9,500 feet.
309. Sage grouse. Centrocercus urophasianus. Common resident. "As its name implies, it is an inhabitant of the artemisia or sage-brush plains, and is scarcely found elsewhere." Ranges from plains to 9,500 feet.
310. Mexican turkey. Meleagris gallopavo. Rare local resident; southern part of the State.
310a. Wild turkey. Meleagris gallopavo fera. Resident; rare; once abundant, but will probably soon be exterminated; not certain whether Colorado birds are eastern or western forms.
312. Band-tailed pigeon. Columba fasciata. Summer resident; local; breeds from 5,000 to 7,000 feet and occasionally higher.
316. Mourning dove. Zenaidura macroura. Summer resident; very abundant; breeds everywhere below the pine region up to 10,000 feet, though usually a little lower; in fall ranges up to 12,000 feet.
319. White-winged dove. Melopelia leucoptera. Four records of this straggler in Colorado; its usual range is subtropical, though not uncommon as far north as the southern border of the United States.