In one puts fire to a barn, he is to be banished and his house confiscated; first the damage is to be made good, and then the prince shall banish him. The same, if he put fire to a house. And who maliciously injures a horse or beast, the fine is 12 grívnas, and for the damage one grívna.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] That is, an older member of the prince’s druzhína, also called boyárs; the younger members were called hrid, i. e., Norse “hirđr,” henchman, or youth, or simply druzhína.
[2] A grívna was originally a unit of weight, about a pound, then only half a pound, and less. About seven grívnas of kúnas were equal to one grívna of silver; a kúna means “marten’s skin,” which formed the smaller denomination of money; one grívna was equal to twenty nogátas.
[3] The Russian is tiún, which is the Norse tjonn; the Old English thane is of the same origin and has almost the same significance.
[4] A Russ was a Scandinavian who did not bear arms; a Scandinavian who bore arms was a Varyág.
[5] The prince’s guardsman and inspector of the sword trial.
[6] A “hapless man” was more particularly applied to a son of a priest who could not read, a freedman, an indebted merchant, all Russians at the death of a prince.
[7] Inhabitants of Nóvgorod.
[8] The fine was paid to the prince’s treasury.