The Frontiers of Language and Nationality in Europe

by Leon Dominian

TABLE II

Classification of the Peoples of Asiatic Turkey

Name	Race	Religion	Speech	Homeland	Estimated Number
Allevis (see Tahtajis)
Ansariyehs	Armenoid	Monotheistic	Arabic	Syrian mts. and Cilician plains	175,000
Aptals	Armenoid	Sunni	Arabic	Syrian mts.	uncertain
Arabs	Semitic	Mohammedan	Arabic	South of Tauric and Armenian mts.	300,000?
Arameans	Semitic	Hebrew	Aramean		300
Armenians	Armenoid	Christian	Armenian (Aryan)	Armenian highland, Taurus and Anti-Taurus ranges	1,000,000[260]
Asdias (see Yezidis)
Avshars	Turki	Shia	Turkish	Anti-Taurus	uncertain
Balikis	Armenoid	Mixed Mohammedan and Christian	Mixed Arabic, Kurdish and Armenian	Near Sasun	uncertain
Bejvans	Semitic	Mixed Mohammedan and Christian	Arabic	Near Mosul	uncertain
Chaldeans	Semitic	Roman Catholic	Syriac, Kurdish and Arabic	Near Diarbekr and Jezireh; Sert and Khabur basin	50,000
Chepmis (see Tahtajis)
Circassians	Mixed Turki and Indo-European	Mohammedan	Turkish	Anatolia, N. Syria, N. Mesopotamia	500,000
Druzes	Armenoid	Mohammedan	Arabic	Lebanon; Anti-Lebanon, Hawran mts., around Damascus	200,000
Greeks[261]	Mediter-ranean	Christian	Greek	Coast districts, mining districts, large cities	2,000,000
Ismailyehs	Armenoid	Mohammedan	Semitic	Northern Syria	22,000
Jacobites	Semitic	Christian (Monophy-sites)	Syriac	Syria, Mesopotamia	15,000
Jews	Mixed Semitic, Mediterranean and Armenoid	Hebrew	Hebrew	Jerusalem; environs of Damascus	150,000
Karapapaks	Turki	Shia	Turkish	Tutakh-Patnoz	3,000
Kizilbash	Armenoid mixed with Turki	Shia, or mixture of Shiism, Paganism, Manichaeism, and Christianity	Turkish	Angora and Sivas vilayets; Dersim	400,000
Kurds	Indo-European	Mohammedan	Aryan languages	West of the Sakaria river; Kurdistan	1,500,000
Lazis	Georgian branch of the Caucaso-Thibetan peoples	Mohammedan	Grusinian	Lazistan; north of Choruk Su, around Riza	uncertain
Maronites	Armenoid	Christian	Arabic	Mt. Lebanon, Anti-Lebanon	350,000
Metauilehs	Probably Armenoid	Shia	Arabic	Northern Lebanon	under 50,000
Nestorians	Armenoid	Christian	Syriac	Basin of the Great Zab; valleys of the Bohtan and Khabar	60,000
New Chaldeans	Semitic	Christian	Syriac	Alkosh	uncertain
Sabeans	Semitic	Christian	Syriac	Amara and Muntefik sanjaks of the Basra vilayet	3,000
Samaritans	Semitic	Hebrew	Hebrew	Near Nablus	300
Syrians	Semitic	Christian and Mohammedan	Arabic	Syria and Mesopotamia	uncertain
Tahtajis	Armenoid	Mohammedan	Turkish	Lycian mts.	5,000
Tatars	Turki	Mohammedan	Turkish	Anatolia and Cilician plains	25,000
Terekimans (see Karapapaks)
Turkomans	Turki	Mohammedan	Turkish	Angora, Adana and Aleppo vilayets	uncertain
Turks	Turki mixed with Armenoid	Mohammedan	Turkish	Anatolia mainly	8,000,000
Yezidis or Asdais	Mixed Armenoid and Indo-European	Devil-worshipers, mixture of the old Babylonian religion; Zoroastrianism; Manichaeism and Christianity	Kermanji	Kurt Dagh on the W. to Zakho E. of the Tigris; Badi near Mosul; Sinjar range	40,000
Yuruks	Armenoid	Mohammedan	Turkish	Konia vilayet	200,000
Total					15,048,600

TABLE III

The Christians of the Turko-Persian Borderland

I. Mosul and the Valley of the Tigris (by families)[262]
District of Mosul.
City of Mosul	2,000	R. C.[263]
City of Mosul	1,200	J.
City of Mosul	400	R. C. s.
Telkief	2,000	R. C.
Bagdair	700	J.
Bartila	300	R. C.
Batnai	400	R. C.
Tel Uskof	450	R. C.
Alkosh	700	R. C.
Dohuk	150	R. C.
Bait Kupa	300	R. C.
Mar Yakob & Sheus	100	R. C.
Total	8,700		8,700
District of Sapna.
Mangeshie	200	R. C.
Dihie	30	P.
Daviria	100	R. C.
Tinn	70	R. C.
Aradin	200	R. C.
Haszia & Benata	50	R. C.
Bibaidi	30	N.
Diri	40	N.
Dirginie	35	N.
Lower Barnai, Maisie, Chamankie, etc.	120	R. C.
Total	875		875
District of Zakhu.
Zakhu	100	R. C.
Bait Daru	90	R. C.
Peshawur	110	R. C.
Bersiwi	70	R. C.
Sharnish	50	R. C.
Margu & Baiju	95	R. C.
Wasta	80	R. C.
Total	595		595
District of Bohtan.
Tilkuba	60	R. C.
Jazera (Jezireh)	150	R. C.
Mansuria	60	P.
Hassan	70	N.
Shakh	30	P.
Mar Akha	30	P.
Mar Yohannan	10	P.
A few other villages	50	N.
Total	460		460
District of Zibar.
Esan	30	N.
Argin	7	N.
Shushu & Sharman	25	N.
Shaklawa (in Akra)	500	R. C.
Akra	300	R. C.
Total	862		862
District of E. Berwar.
Aina d’Nuni	50	N.
Duri	35	N.
Ikri & Malakhta	40	N.
Bait Baluk	20	N.
Four villages, including Halwa, Khwara	50	N.
Dirishki	20	N.
Maiyi	25	N.
Haiyiz	30	N.
Bishmeyayi	20	N.
Iad	20	N.
Tashish	30	N.
Musakka	20	N.
Three small villages	25	N.
Jadeda	15	N.
Chalik	30	N.
Kaneba Labi	20	N.
Total	450		450
			11,942
II. The Highlands of Kurdistan
Tyari	5,000
Tkhuma	2,500
Baz	800
Tal	700
Diz	600
Jilu	2,500
Berwar (Qudshanis included)	900
Lewan (west of Julamerk)	300
Serai (45 miles east of Van)	300
Eleven villages around Serai	400
Norduz (on Van-Julamerk road)	200
Albak (near Bashkala)	300
Gawar	400
Six villages in Nerwan & Rekan	200
Shemsdinan & Bar Bhishu (estimated)	200
Total families	15,300		15,300
Grand total			27,242
Total individuals at six to a family			163,452

FOOTNOTES:

[214] Fully one-third of Armenian consists of words of Persian stock. Some Armenian philologists point to the existence of a small remnant of highly ancient words which cannot be traced to Aryan forms and which probably represent the survival of a language indigenous to the Armenian highlands.