335. Doubling. In certain formations the underlying word, if disyllabic, is repeated; the phonetic treatment is the same as 10that of successive words in a phrase (§ [34]): agad-agàd, gabi-gabì, ápat-ápat, pa-lígid-lígid.
If the underlying word has more than two syllables, only the beginning of it, inclusive of the second syllabic, is repeated, and the final syllabic of this repeated part has a primary accent: kaní-kaníno, 15kaní-kanilà, nag-kagá-kagalìt (underlying word ka-galìt).
336. Reduplication. In some formations the beginning of the underlying word, including the first syllabic, is repeated, sù-súlat, á-akiyàt. Words with reduced i or u (§ [27]) reduplicate with i, u: maka-sí-siyà, maka-sí-syà.
20Note the foreign words: krùs nag-kú-kurùs, trabáho nag-tá-trabáho.
Initial d of the roots listed in § [17] often becomes r after the reduplication: k-in-à-dò-roon-àn (doòn), nag-dá-daàn (daàn).
When a prefix which involves change of initial comes before 25a reduplicated form, the latter has the changed initial both in the reduplicative syllable and in the underlying part: nà-rò-roòn (doòn), pa-ŋu-ŋumìt (umìt with paŋ-, § [334, a, 4]; also: paŋ-u-umìt) pútol pa-mu-mútol (pútol with paŋ-).
337. Accent-shift. In certain formations the accent is displaced 30one syllable toward the end of the word: súlat sulàt. This is especially the case before suffixes forming transient words: súlat sulát-an. In some formations with suffixes the accent moves two syllables toward the end of the word: súlat sulat-àn.
Certain roots are especially given to this change and show it 35in formations where it is not regular. In these roots the accent-shift is more or less clearly and regularly connected with a modification of meaning. The roots are: ábot overtake, with shift: reach for, take hold of, pass, hand; e. g. pa-ábot let oneself be overtaken, pa-abòt something caused to be handed, ákay, álam, 40áwaʾ, áyaw, bábaʾ, báhay, báyaʾ, búlag, gálit, gísiŋ, háyag, húli, lápit, láyoʾ, múra, sákit, sáma, síraʾ, tálo, támaʾ, táwa, túloy, úna. See Index. A few pairs of roots differing only in accent may possibly belong here, e. g. -ának family and anàk child.
338. Secondary accents. (1) In some formations a secondary accent is spoken on the initial syllable of the underlying word: 5alìs àlís-an, ka-galìt kàgalít-an, iyàk ìyák-an. If the first syllable is closed, the secondary accent is omitted: luksò luksú-han; so also if it is followed by consonant plus reduced vowel (§ [27]): taniyàg tanyàg tanyág-an; and also if its own vowel is reduced: niyòg nyòg niyúg-an nyúg-an. There are some irregularities. See 10§§ [377,b]. 383. 421. 421,b. 426,b.
(2) Prefixes and reduplications often take a secondary accent: nà-pútol (different in meaning from na-pútol), sù-súlat.