Symbolic Logic

by Lewis Carroll

16.
1. No a′ are e;
2. All d are c′;
3. All a are b;
4. All e′ are d.

17.
1. All d are c;
2. All a are e;
3. No b are d′;
4. All c are e′.

18.
1. All a are b;
2. All d are e;
3. All a′ are c′;
4. No b are e.

19.
1. No b are c;
2. All e are h;
3. All a are b;
4. No d are h;
5. All e′ are c.

20.
1. No d are h′;
2. No c are e;
3. All h are b;
4. No a are d′;
5. No b are e′.

21.
1. All b are a;
2. No d are h;
3. No c are e;
4. No a are h′;
5. All c′ are b.

22.
1. All e are d′;
2. No b′ are h′;
3. All c′ are d;
4. All a are e;
5. No c are h.

23.
1. All b′ are a′;
2. No d are e′;
3. All h are b′;
4. No c are e;
5. All d′ are a.

24.
1. All h′ are k′;
2. No b′ are a;
3. All c are d;
4. All e are h′;
5. No d are k′;
6. No b are c′.

25.
1. All a are d;
2. All k are b;
3. All e are h;
4. No a′ are b;
5. All d are c;
6. All h are k.