5. No fat creatures run well;
Some greyhounds run well.

Univ. is “creatures”; m = creatures that run well; x = fat; y = greyhounds.


No x are m;
Some y are m.


∴ Some y are x′.

i.e. Some greyhounds are not fat.

[pg140] 6. Some, who deserve the fair, get their deserts;
None but the brave deserve the fair.

Univ. is “persons”; m = persons who deserve the fair; x = persons who get their deserts; y = brave.


Some m are x;
No y′ are m.


∴ Some y are x.

i.e. Some brave persons get their deserts.

7. Some Jews are rich;
All Esquimaux are Gentiles.

Univ. is “persons”; m = Jews; x = rich; y = Esquimaux.