Univ. “young animals”; m = young animals that jump; x = lambs; y = healthy.

x1m′0m′y0

No Conclusion. [Fallacy of Like Eliminands not asserted to exist.]

17. Ill-managed business is unprofitable;
Railways are never ill-managed.
All railways are profitable.

Univ. “business”; m = ill-managed; x = profitable; y = railways.

m1x0y1m0x′y′1 [Fig. III.

Conclusion wrong: right one is “Some business, other than railways, is profitable.”

18. No Professors are ignorant;
All ignorant people are vain.
No Professors are vain.

Univ. “people”; m = ignorant; x = Professors; y = vain.

xm0m1y′0x′y1 [Fig. III.