18. There are some diligent, but unsuccessful, students.

19. Some students are diligent.

[See pp. 60, 1]

3. Half of Smaller Diagram.

Symbols to be interpreted.

__________

-----------
| | |
| x |
| | |
--y-----y'-

__________

------- -------
| | | | | |
1. | | 0 | 2. | 0 | 0 |
| | | | | |
------- -------

------- -------
| | | | | |
3. | - | 4. | 0 | 1 |
| | | | | |
------- -------