The Hawaiian system of consanguinity realizes the nine grades of relations (conceiving them reduced to five by striking off the two upper and the two lower members) more perfectly than that of the Chinese at the present time.[460] While the latter has changed through the introduction of Turanian elements, and still more through special additions to distinguish the several collateral lines, the former has held, pure and simple, to the primary grades which presumptively were all the Chinese possessed originally. It is evident that consanguinei, in the Chinese as in the Hawaiian, are generalized into categories by generations; all collaterals of the same grade being brothers and sisters to each other. Moreover, marriage and the family are conceived as forming within the grade, and confined, so far as husbands and wives are concerned, within its limits. As explained by the Hawaiian categories it is perfectly intelligible. At the same time it indicates an anterior condition among the remote ancestors of the Chinese, of which this fragment preserves a knowledge, precisely analogous to that reflected by the Hawaiian. In other words, it indicated the presence of the punaluan family when these grades were formed, of which the consanguine was a necessary predecessor.

In the “Timæus” of Plato there is a suggestive recognition of the same five primary grades of relations. All consanguinei in the Ideal Republic were to fall into five categories, in which the women were to be in common as wives, and the children in common as to parents. “But how about the procreation of children?” Socrates says to Timæus. “This, perhaps, you easily remember, on account of the novelty of the proposal; for we ordered that marriage unions and children should be in common to all persons whatsoever, special care being taken also that no one should be able to distinguish his own children individually, but all consider all their kindred; regarding those of an equal age, and in the prime of life, as their brothers and sisters, those prior to them, and yet further back as their parents and grandsires, and those below them, as their children and grandchildren.”[461] Plato undoubtedly was familiar with Hellenic and Pelasgian traditions not known to us, which reached far back into the period of barbarism, and revealed traces of a still earlier condition of the Grecian tribes. His ideal family may have been derived from these delineations, a supposition far more probable than that it was a philosophical deduction. It will be noticed that his five grades of relations are precisely the same as the Hawaiian; that the family was to form in each grade where the relationship was that of brothers and sisters; and that husbands and wives were to be in common in the group.

Finally, it will be perceived that the state of society indicated by the consanguine family points with logical directness to an anterior condition of promiscuous intercourse. There seems to be no escape from this conclusion, although questioned by so eminent a writer as Mr. Darwin.[462] It is not probable that promiscuity in the primitive period was long continued even in the horde; because the latter would break up into smaller groups for subsistence, and fall into consanguine families. The most that can safely be claimed upon this difficult question is, that the consanguine family was the first organized form of society, and that it was necessarily an improvement upon the previous unorganized state, whatever that state may have been. It found mankind at the bottom of the scale, from which, as a starting point, and the lowest known, we may take up the history of human progress, and trace it through the growth of domestic institutions, inventions, and discoveries, from savagery to civilization. By no chain of events can it be shown more conspicuously than in the growth of the idea of the family through successive forms. With the existence of the consanguine family established, of which the proofs adduced seem to be sufficient, the remaining families are easily demonstrated.

System of Relationship of the Hawaiians and Rotumans.

Transcriber's Note: Abbreviations: fa=father, mo=mother, GF=Grandfather, GM=Grandmother, GD=Granddaughter, GS=Grandson, bro=Brother, str=sister, gt=great, dau=daughter ms=male speaking, fs=female speaking, otm=older than myself, ytm=younger than myself. End of Transcriber's Note.

Vowel Sounds.—a, as in ale; ă, as in at; ä, as in father; ǐ, as in it; ŭ, as oo in food; kä′-na = male; wä-hee′-na = female.

Description of Persons.By Hon. Thomas Miller.
Relationship
in Hawaiian.		TranslationBy Rev. John Osborne.
Relationship in
Rotuman.		Translation
1My gt-GF
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
kŭ-pŭ′-naMy GPmä-pĭ-ga fäMy GP, male
2
M
"
y
gt
GF's bro
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
"
M
"
y
G
"
P
m
"
3
M
"
y
"
t
GF's
str
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
G
"
P
female
4
M
"
y
"
t
GM
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
ho
"
M
"
y
G
"
P
fem
"
ale
5
M
"
y
"
t
GM's str
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
ho
"
M
"
y
G
"
P
fem
"
ale
6
M
"
y
GF
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fa
M
"
y
G
"
P
male
7
M
"
y
GM
kŭ-p
"
ŭ′-na
M
"
y
G
"
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
G
"
P
female
8
M
"
y
fa		mä-kŭ′-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
fa
9
M
"
y
mo		mä-kŭ-ă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
parent, female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
mo
10
M
"
y
son		käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male 		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
11
M
"
y
dau		käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
child, female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
12
M
"
y
GS		moo-pŭ′-nă kă′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
13
M
"
y
GD		moo-pŭ′-nă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
14
M
"
y
gt-GS
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kă′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
15
M
"
y
g
"
t-
GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
16
M
"
y
gt-gt-GS
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
17
M
"
y
g
"
t-
"
t-
GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
18
M
"
y
older bro		(ms)käi-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro, older
19
M
"
y
old
"
der
"		(fs)käi-kŭ-nä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sag′-ve-ven′-ĭ
M
"
y
bro, older
20
M
"
y
old
"
de
str		(ms)käi-kŭ-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str, older		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str, older
21
M
"
y
old
"
der
"
str
(fs)käi-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
str, older		sa-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
str, older
22
M
"
y
younger bro		(ms)käi-ka-i′-na
M
"
y
bro, younger		sa-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro, younger
23
M
"
y
you
"
nger b
"		(fs)käi-kŭ-nä′-na
M
"
y
br
"
o,
you
"
nger
sag′-ve-ven′-ĭ
M
"
y
br
"
o,
you
"
nger
24
M
"
y
you
"
nger
str		(ms)käi-kŭ-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str, younger		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str, younger
25
M
"
y
you
"
nger s
"		(fs)käi-ka-i′-na
M
"
y
st
"
r,
you
"
nger
sa-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
st
"
r,
you
"
nger
26
M
"
y
bro's son		(ms)käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
27
M
"
y
br
"
o's
son's wife		(ms)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
son-in-law		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
28
M
"
y
br
"
o's
dau		(ms)käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
child, female		le′-e-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
fem
"
ale
29
M
"
y
br
"
o's
dau's husb		(ms)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
dau-in-law		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
30
M
"
y
br
"
o's
GS		(ms)moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
31
M
"
y
br
"
o's
GD		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
female
32
M
"
y
br
"
o's
gt-GS		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
male
33
M
"
y
br
"
o's
gt-GD		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
gran
"
dchild,
female
34
M
"
y
str's son		(ms)käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
35
M
"
y
st
"
r'
son's wife		(ms)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
dau-in-law		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
36
M
"
y
st
"
r'
dau		(ms)käi-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
child, female		le′-e-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
fem
"
ale
37
M
"
y
st
"
r'
dau's husb		(ms)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
son-in-law		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
38
M
"
y
st
"
r'
GS		(ms)moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
39
M
"
y
st
"
r'
GD		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, female		mä-pĭ-ga hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grandchild, female
40
M
"
y
st
"
r'
gt-GD		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
41
M
"
y
st
"
r'
gt-GD		(ms)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
42
M
"
y
bro's son		(fs)käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
43
M
"
y
br
"
o'
son's wife		(fs)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
dau-in-law		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
44
M
"
y
br
"
o'
dau		(fs)käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
child, female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
45
M
"
y
br
"
o'
dau's husb		(fs)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
son-in-law		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
46
M
"
y
br
"
o'
GS		(fs)moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
47
M
"
y
br
"
o'
GD		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
48
M
"
y
br
"
o'
gt-GS		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
49
M
"
y
br
"
o'
gt-GD		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
50
M
"
y
str's son		(fs)käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
51
M
"
y
st
"
r'
son's wife		(fs)hŭ-no′-nă
M
"
y
dau-in-law		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
52
M
"
y
st
"
r'
dau		(fs)käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
child, female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
fem
"
ale
53
M
"
y
st
"
r'
dau's husb		(fs)hŭ-no′-na
M
"
y
son-in-law		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
54
M
"
y
st
"
r'
GS		(fs)moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
55
M
"
y
st
"
r'
GD		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
56
M
"
y
st
"
r'
gt-GS		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
57
M
"
y
st
"
r'
gt-GD		(fs)
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
58
M
"
y
fa's bro		 mä-kŭ′-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
59
M
"
y
fa
"
s
br
"
o'
wife		 mä-kŭ′-a wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female		oi-fä
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
60
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
son		(oms)käi′-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
61
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
so
"
n
(yms)käi′-ka-i-na
M
"
y
br
"
o,
younger		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
br
"
o,
62
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
son's wife		 wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
63
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
dau,		(oms)käi′-ku-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
s
"
tr
64
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
da
"		(yms)
käi′-kŭ
"
-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str
sag-
"
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
s
"
tr
65
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
dau's husb		 käi′-ko-ee′-kä
M
"
y
bro-in-law		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
66
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
son's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
67
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
so
"
n's
dau		 käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
68
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
dau's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
69
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
da
"
u's
dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
70
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
71
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
72
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
gt−gt−GS
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
73
M
"
y
fa
"
's
b
"
o'
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
74
M
"
y
fa's str		 mä-kŭ′-ă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
parent, female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
parent, female
75
M
"
y
fa
"
's
str's husb
mä-k
"
ŭ′-ă
kä′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
male		oi-fä
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
male
76
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
son		(oms)käi′-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
77
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
son		(yms)käi′-ka-i-na
M
"
y
b
"
ro
younger
sä-
"
ĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
b
"
ro
78
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
son's wife		 wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
79
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
dau		 käi′-kŭ wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str
sag-
"
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
s
"
tr
80
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's husb		 kai-ko-ee′-kä
M
"
y
bro-in-law		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
81
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
son's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
82
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
son's dau		 käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
83
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's son
käi′
"
-kee
kä′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
le
"
′-e
fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
84
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
le
"
′-e
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
85
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
86
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
87
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GS
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
88
M
"
y
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
89
M
"
y
mo's bro		 mä-kŭ-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
90
M
"
y
mo
"
's
bro's wife
mä-k
"
ŭ-ă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
91
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
son		(oms)käi′-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
92
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
son		(yms)käi′-ka-i′-na
M
"
y
br
"
o,
younger
sä-s
"
ĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
br
"
o,
93
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
son's wife		 wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
94
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau		 käi′-kŭ-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str
sag-
"
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
s
"
tr
95
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau's husb		 käi′-ko-ee′-kä
M
"
y
bro-in-law		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
96
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
son's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
97
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
ch
"
ild,
female
le′
"
-e
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
ch
"
ild,
female
98
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau's son
käi′
"
-kee
kä′-na
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
male
le′
"
-e
fä
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
male
99
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau's dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
female
le′
"
-e
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
female
99
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
dau's dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
female
le′
"
-e
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
ch
"
ild
female
100
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
101
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-D
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
102
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GS
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
103
M
"
y
mo
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
104
M
"
y
mo's str		 mä-kŭ-ă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
parent, female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
parent, female
105
M
"
y
mo
"
's
str's husb
mä-k
"
ŭ-ă
kä′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
male		oi-fä
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
male
106
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
son		(oms)käi′-ku-ä-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, older		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
107
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
son		(yms)käi′-ka-i-na
M
"
y
b
"
ro,
younger
sä-s
"
ĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
b
"
ro
108
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
son's wife		 wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
109
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
dau		 käi′-kŭ wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
s
"
tr
110
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's husb		 käi′-ko-ee′-kä
M
"
y
bro-in-law		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
111
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
son's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
112
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
son's dau		 käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
113
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
male
114
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
dau's dau		 käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
115
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
116
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GD		 moo-pŭ′-nă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female		mä-pĭ-ga hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
117
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
male
118
M
"
y
mo
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GD		 moo-pŭ′-nă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female		mä-pĭ-ga hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
119
M
"
y
fa's fa's bro		 kŭ-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
GP, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
GP, male
120
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
bro's son		 mä-kŭ′-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
121
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
dau		 mä-kŭ′-ă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
parent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
parent,
female
122
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
GS		(older)käi′-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, elder		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
123
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
GD		(older)käi′-kŭ wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str, elder		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
124
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-GS		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
125
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-GD		 käi′-kee wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le'-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
126
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GS		 moo-pŭ-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
127
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GD		 moo-pŭ-nă wä-hee′na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
128
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
str		 kŭ-pŭ′-nă wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
GP female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
GP female
129
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
str's son		 mä-kŭ-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
130
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
dau
mä-
"
kŭ-
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
parent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
131
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
GS		(older)käi′-kŭ-a-ä'-na
M
"
y
bro, elder		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
132
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
GD
xxxx
käi′-kŭ-wä-hee'-na
M
"
y
str, elder		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
133
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GS		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
134
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-GD
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le'-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
135
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nä kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
136
M
"
y
fa
"
's
fa
"
's
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nä
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
137
M
"
y
mo's mo's bro		 kŭ-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
GP, male
mä-p
"
ĭ-ga
fä
M
"
y
GP, male
138
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
bro's son		 mä-kă-ă kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
139
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
dau
mä-kă-ă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
140
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
GS		(older)käi-kŭ-a-ä′-na
M
"
y
bro, elder		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
141
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
GD
xxxx
käi′-kŭ-wä-hee-na
M
"
y
str, elder		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
142
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
gt-GS		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
143
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
gt-GD
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le'-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
144
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
145
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
br
"
o's
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
mä-pĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
146
M
"
y
mo's mo's str		 kŭ-pŭ-nă wä-hee-na
M
"
y
GP, male
mä-pĭ-ga
hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
GP, male
147
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
str's son		 mä-kŭ-ă kä'-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
148
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
dau
mä-k
"
ŭ-ă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
149
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
GS		(oms)käi′-kŭ-ă-ä-na
M
"
y
bro, elder		sä-sĭ-gĭ
M
"
y
bro
150
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
GD		 käi′-kŭ-wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
str, elder		sag-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
str
151
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
gt-GS		 käi′-kee-kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
152
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
gt-GD
käi′
"
-ke-
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
153
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GS		 moo-pŭ′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
grandchild, male		mä-pĭ-ga fä
M
"
y
grandchild, male
154
M
"
y
mo
"
s
mo
"
s
st
"
r's
gt-gt-GD
moo-p
"
ŭ′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female		mä-pĭ-ga hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
grand
"
child,
female
155
M
"
y
husb		 kä′-na
M
"
y
husb		ve-ven′-ĭ
M
"
y
husb
156
M
"
y
wife		 wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		hoi-e-nä, and hen
M
"
y
wife
157
M
"
y
husb's fa		 mä-kŭ′-ă-hŭ-nä-ai
M
"
y
fa-in-law		oi-fä
M
"
y
fa
158
M
"
y
hus
"
b's
mo
mä-kŭ′-ă-
"
hŭ-nä-ai
M
"
y
mo-in-law		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
mo
159
M
"
y
wife's fa
mä-kŭ′-ă-
"
hŭ-nä-ai
M
"
y
fa-in-law		oi-fä
M
"
y
fa
160
M
"
y
wi
"
fe's
mo
mä-kŭ′-ă-
"
hŭ-nä-ai
M
"
y
mo-in-law		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
mo
161
M
"
y
son-in-law		 hŭ-no′-nă kä′-na
M
"
y
son-in-law		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
162
M
"
y
dau-in-law
hŭ-no′-nă
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
dau-in-law		le′-e hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
chi
"
ld,
female
163
M
"
y
bro-in-law		(husb's bro)kä′-na
M
"
y
husb		hom-fu′-e
M
"
y
bro-in-law
164
M
"
y
bro-i
"
n-law
(str's husb, fs)
kä′
"
-na
M
"
y
h
"
usb
me-i
M
"
y
bro-
"
in-law
165
M
"
y
bro-i
"
n-law
(wife's str's husb)pŭ-na-lŭ-ä
M
"
y
intimate companion
166
M
"
y
bro-i
"
n-law
(wife's bro)käi-ko-a′-kä
M
"
y
bro-in-law		me-i
M
"
y
bro-i
"
n-law
167
M
"
y
str-in-law		(wife's str)wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		hom-fu′-e
M
"
y
str-in-law
168
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
(husb's str)käi-ko-a′-kä
M
"
y
str-in-law		me-i
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
169
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
(bro's wife)wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife		hom-fu′-e
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
170
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
(
bro's wife
fs )		käi-ko-a′-kä
M
"
y
str-in-law
xxxx
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
171
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
(husb's bro's wife)pŭ-na-lŭ-ä
M
"
y
intimate companion
172
M
"
y
str-i
"
n-law
(wife's bro's wife)wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
wife
173
M
"
y
step-fa		 mä-kŭ′-a kä′-na
M
"
y
parent, male		oi-fä
M
"
y
parent, male
174
M
"
y
st
"
ep-
mo
mä-k
"
ŭ′-a
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female		oi-hon′-ĭ
M
"
y
par
"
ent,
female
175
M
"
y
st
"
ep-
son		 käi′-kee kä′-na
M
"
y
child, male		le′-e fä
M
"
y
child, male
176
M
"
y
st
"
ep-
dau
käi′
"
-kee
wä-hee′-na
M
"
y
ch
"
ild,
female		le′-e fä
M
"
y
ch
"
ild,
female