Of vegetation in the arctic region we can say but little. In the valleys, and along shore, there was a variety of coarse grass. The entire region being destitute of wood, and almost of every species of shrubbery that could really be called such, the soil consequently was exceedingly barren of vines, plants, or flowers. There were, however, a few flowering plants which made their appearance in the transient summer allotted to them.
The rocks were covered with coarse moss, and wherever the sun melted away the snow from the hill sides, or plains, or valleys, a small vine would start into life; this vine afforded, as has before been observed, the only bread of the natives.
We never learned that the natives north of East Cape ever attempted to plant any seed, or to raise any kind of vegetables.
THE FACE OF THE COUNTRY.
The shores of the arctic are bold and rocky, and bordered with high, frowning cliffs. As far as the eye could extend in an inland direction, snow-capped peaks, and finally lofty mountain ranges, filled the whole field of vision.
FISH.
Besides the whale, which is the sovereign of those seas, there are seals, walruses, sharks, narwhal, cod, salmon, &c.
FOWL.
Geese and ducks are abundant, besides a great variety of other water-fowl.