In one case which the writer has in mind, a noble woman is devoting her life to the welfare of a body of employés in an industry which greatly requires such work. The work which she is doing is undoubtedly benefiting these people in every aspect, not only of their business but of their home lives, but it is also true that should she be obliged to give up the work, or be suddenly called away, the work would practically fall to pieces. It is built up upon her personality, and, wonderful as it is, its basis must be recognized as unscientific and temporary.
Scientific Provision for Welfare Under Scientific Management. — Under Scientific Management general welfare is provided for by: —
The effect that the work has on physical improvement. This we shall discuss under three headings —
1. the regularity of the work.
2. habits.
3. physical development.
As for the regularity of the work — we have
(a) The apportionment of the work and the rest. Under Scientific Management, work time and rest time are scientifically apportioned. This means that the man is able to come to each task with the same amount of strength, and that from his work he gains habits of regularity.
(b) The laying out of the work. The standards upon which the instruction cards are based, and the method of preparing them, assure regularity.
(c) The manner of performing the work. Every time that identical work is done, it is done in an identical manner.