1750. Fifth order, B. fructuariæ. Trees with many, frequently fasciculated, stamina; fruit multilocular and many-seeded—Myrtaceæ. These plants likewise divide into sixteen families. (Vid. Tab. B.)
CLASS XVI.
Apple-plants—Rosaceæ.
1751. The fruit is an apple, i. e. several carpels, containing but few seeds, adhere in one calyx, upon which there are five corolla-petals, with four to six times as many stamina. Herbs, shrubs, and trees with different kinds of leaves are here met with; the corollæ are mostly small and perigynous, the style separated, and thus polycarpal. Perigynous Polycarpæ. They grow, dispersed over the whole earth, in dry situations; several of them yield edible fruits, and are pretty generally cultivated.
1752. The apples are without doubt the most perfect fruit, as well in reference to their structure as their chemical ingredients. The apple consists of all the parts of the blossom: seed, capsule, and fleshy calyx, and is besides polycarpellar, i. e. composed of separate carpels. Its edible substance or flesh is not simply a sweet-meat, but a true aliment, which admits of being eaten after it has been kept fresh for a year, of being dried, exported, or cooked as a kitchen vegetable; in cases of exigency too it occurs in such abundance that the whole human race might live upon it, which cannot be said of any other fruit. The apple quenches at the same time the thirst, and thus supplies also the place of drink. All the other fruits are either a dainty relish only against thirst, or a simple amylaceous medium of nutrition. However, most of the plants belonging to this class produce only dry capsules and calyces.
1753. They divide into two groups, having few or many stamina.
First order, Pomariæ parenchymatosæ. Herbs with few stamina and five or more carpels, as the Crassulaceæ and Mesembryanthemaceæ.
Second order, P. vaginatæ. Shrubs with few stamina, only two to three carpels and few seeds.—Tamaricaceæ, Bruniaceæ.
| FIRST PROVINCE. HISTOPHYTA—ACOTYLEDONES. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLASS I. | CLASS II. | CLASS III. | ||
| Cellulares. | Vasculares. | Tracheales | ||
| ORGANS. | Fungi. | Mosses. | Ferns. | |
| Ord. I. | Parenchyma. | Roste. | Schleim-Moose. | Wasser-Farren. |
| F. 1. | Cells. | Entophyta. | Diatomaceæ. | Marsileaceæ. |
| 2. | Ducts. | Epiphyta. | Nostochineæ. | Pilulariæ. |
| 3. | Tracheæ. | Tuberculariæ. | Batrachospermeæ. | Equisetaceæ. |
| O. II. | Sheaths. | Schimmel. | Wasserfäden. | Kugelfarren. |
| F. 4. | Bark. | Mucorini. | Confervaceæ. | Lycopodiaceæ. |
| 5. | Liber. | Mucedines. | Ulvaceæ. | Ophioglosseæ. |
| 6. | Wood. | Byssaceæ. | Leptomiteæ. | Danæaceæ. |
| O. III. . | Axis. | Balgpilze. | Fuci. | Ringfarren. |
| F. 7. | Root. | Trichodermaceæ. | Cerameæ. | Parkereæ. |
| 8. | Stalk. | Trichiaceæ. | Floridæ. | Cyatheæ. |
| 9. | Leaves. | Lycopodineæ. | Fucoideæ. | Polypodiaceæ. |
| O. IV. | Blossom. | Kernpilze. | Lichens. | Fluvialen. |
| F. 10. | Seed. | Cytisporeæ. | Coniothalameæ. | Naiadeæ. |
| 11. | Ovarium. | Phacidiaceæ. | Gasterothalameæ. | Podostemeæ. |
| 12. | Corolla. | Sphæriaceæ. | Hymenothalameæ. | Ceratophylleæ. |
| O. V. | Fruit. | Fleischpilze. | Mosses. | Nadelholz. |
| F. 13. | Nut. | Tremellini. | Marchantiaceæ. | Abieteæ. |
| 14. | Plum. | Cupulati. | Ricciaceæ. | Taxaceæ. |
| 15. | Berry. | Clavati. | Jungermanniaceæ. | Cupresseæ. |
| 16. | Apple. | Pileati. | Bryaceæ. | Cycadeæ. |
| SECOND PROVINCE. THECOPHYTA—MONOCOTYLEDONES. | ||||
| CLASS IV. | CLASS V. | CLASS VI. | ||
| ORGANS. | Corticales | Liber-plants. | Wood-plants. | |
| Gramineæ. | Liliaceæ. | Palmaceæ. | ||
| Ord. I. | Parenchyma. | Spiked Grasses. | Staub-Orchiden. | Rohrkolben. |
| F. 1. | Cells. | Secale. | Neottiæ. | Cynomoria. |
| 2. | Ducts. | Phleum. | Arethuseæ. | Typhaceæ. |
| 3. | Tracheæ. | Festuca. | Ophrydeæ. | Aroideæ. |
| O. II. | Sheaths. | Panicled Grasses. | Granular Orchideæ. | Piperaceæ. |
| F. 4. | Bark. | Bulrushes. | Malaxides. | Saurureæ. |
| 5. | Liber. | Milium. | Epidendra. | Piperaceæ. |
| 6. | Wood. | Arundinaceæ. | Vanillæ. | Pandanac. |
| O. III. | Axis. | Reed-Grasses. | Aromatic plants. | Sassaparillæ. |
| F. 7. | Root. | Sedges. | Amomeæ. | Dioscoreæ. |
| 8. | Stalk. | Junceæ. | Canneæ. | Smilaceæ. |
| 9. | Leaves. | Ruscus. | Musaceæ. | Parideæ. |
| O. IV. | Blossom. | Juncineæ. | Schwerdel. | Asparagoidæ. |
| F. 10. | Seed. | Restiaceæ. | Hæmodoraceæ. | Asparagoidæ. |
| 11. | Ovarium. | Serpeæ. | Irideæ. | Convallariæ. |
| 12. | Corolla. | Commelyneæ. | Narcissi. | Bromeliæ. |
| O. V. | Fruit. | Seeroseæ. | Liliaceæ. | Palms. |
| F. 13. | Nut. | Alismaceæ. | Colchicaceæ. | Calamariæ. |
| 14. | Plum. | Hydrocharideæ. | Asphodeleæ. | Cocoeæ. |
| 15. | Berry. | Hydropeltideæ. | Alliaceæ. | Phœniceæ. |
| 16. | Apple. | Nymphæacæ. | Tulipaceæ. | Borasseæ. |