When parallelized with the organs of plants, the following remarkable relationships between them are rendered apparent:
| 1. | Cells | Stomach | Vitellus | Infusoria. |
| 2. | Bark | Intestine | Albumen | Polyps. |
| 3. | Root | Absorbents | Envelopes | Acalephæ. |
| 4. | Ducts | Veins | Ovary | Mussels. |
| 5. | Liber | Arteries | Testes | Snails. |
| 6. | Stalk | Hearts | Kidneys | Kracken. |
| 7. | Tracheæ | Retia | Papillæ | Worms. |
| 8. | Wood | Branchiæ | Feet | Crabs. |
| 9. | Foliage | Lungs | Wings | Flies. |
| 10. | Seeds | Bones | Tongue | Fishes. |
| 11. | Pistil | Muscles | Nose | Reptiles. |
| 12. | Corolla | Nerves | Ears | Birds. |
| 13. | Fruit | Senses | Eyes | Thricozoa. |
A. DIVISION INTO PROVINCES.
3100. The animal body divides first of all into the vegetative and animal. There will therefore be animals in which the former, and others in which the latter, systems predominate. The kingdom consequently separates into a vegetative and into an animal province. The vegetative parts are all tegumental developments, and thus the creatures in whom they prevail are Splanchnic or Visceral animals, but the animal parts are developments of the flesh, and constitute the Sarcose animals.
First Province. Splanchnozoa.
3101. Unto the Splanchnic or Tegumental animals are wanting bones, muscles with the nerves belonging to them, and thus the neural axis or encephalon; they are consequently devoid of bone, muscle, and brain, being in a word asarcose or fleshless animals.
The tegument is, however, the general organ of sensation or feeling; they are thus Sensitive animals.
3102. In them, developments only of the sense of feeling can occur, such as sensitive papillæ, tentacula, feet, and wings. All the remaining organs of sense can only be exhibited as rudiments of a very feeble or stunted character. They do not possess a true tongue, nose, ears, and eyes, i. e. constructed after the type of these organs in Man. The eyes only, from their being the sense of the animal system proper, can assume a definite kind of development.
3103. But, these organs of sense are the sensorial organs of the head, or rather are the head itself; the Tegumental animals are therefore devoid of a true head. They only possess such an one, in so far as it is determined by the tegument and nervous sense, by the mouth and the eyes.
These animals are what have been called Invertebrata, a name which is, however, defective, from its indicating the absence of one part only or of a single animal system, while the word flesh comprehends bones, muscles, and nervous mass; they are asarcose animals. But even this last appellation is not correct, because it is negative. Their positive system, or that under which they actually exist, is the tegument; so that the name of Dermatozoa or Sensitive animals, is the only proper one.