| FIRST CLASS. | |||
| EARTH-EARTHS—EARTHS. | |||
| ORDER I. | ORDER II. | ORDER III. | ORDER IV. |
| Earth-Earths. | Salt-Earths. | Inflammable Earths. | Ore-earths. |
| Silex. | Clays. | Talcs. | Calcareous-earths. |
| Fam. 1. Pure Silex. | Fam. 1. Silicious Clays. | Fam. 1. Silicious Talcs. | Fam. 1. Silicious Kalke. |
| 1. Quartz. | 1. Feldspar. | 1. Mica. | 1. Lapis-lazuli. |
| 2. Iron Flint. | 2. Anorthite. | 2. Pinite. | 2. Hauyne. |
| 3. Petalite. | 3. Holmesite. | 3. Sodalite. | |
| 4. Oligoclase. | 4. Margarite. | 4. Scapolite. | |
| 5. Triphane. | 5. Nepheline. | ||
| 6. Andalusite. | |||
| 7. Crucite. | |||
| F. 2. Argillaceo-Silex. | F. 2. Argillaceous Clays. | F. 2. Argillaceous Talcs. | F. 2. Argillaceo-Kalke. |
| 1. Zircon. | 1. Sapphire. | 1. Sapphirine. | 1. Fugenstein. |
| 2. Œrstedite. | 2. Chrysoberyl. | 2. Seybertite. | 2. Frehnite. |
| 3. Cyanite. | 3. Chabazite. | ||
| 4. Sillimanite. | 4. Laumontite. | ||
| 5. Stilbite. 6. Desmin.7. Analcime. 8. Mesotype. | |||
| F. 3. Talco-Silex. | F. 3. Talcose Clays. | F. 3. Talcose Talcs. | F. 3. Talco-Kalke. |
| 1. Emerald. | 1. Spinel. | 1. Talc. | 1. Adelforsite. |
| 2. Davidsonite. | 2. Automolite. | 2. Pyrophillite. | 2. Stellite. |
| 3. Euclase. | 3. Dichroite. | 3. Chlorite. | 3. Mellilite. |
| 4. Phenacite. | 4. Humboldtite. | ||
| F. 4. Calcareo-silex. | F. 4. Calcareous-Clays. | F. 4. Calcareous Talcs. | F. 4. Calcareo-Kalke. |
| 1. Leucite. | 1. Epidote. | 1. Augite. | 1. Tubular spar. |
| 2. Glaucolite. | 2. Mangan-epidote. | 2. Diopside. | 2. Apophyllite. |
| 3. Sahlite. 4. Pyroxene. 5. Coccolite. 6. Hedenbergite.7. Diallage. 8. Bronzite. 9. Hypersthene. | |||
| F. 5. Salt-Silex. | F. 5. Salt-Clays. | F. 5. Salt-Talcs. | Fam. 5. Salt-Kalke. |
| 1. Topaz. | 1. Yttro-cerite. | 1. Grammatite. | 1. Boracite. |
| 2. Physalite. | 2. Schorl. | 2. Strahlstein. | 2. Datholite. |
| 3. Pycnite. | 3. Axinite. | 3. Hornblende. | |
| 4. Anthophyllite. | |||
| F. 6. Inflammable Silex. | F. 6. Inflammable-Clays. | F. 6. Inflammable-Talcs. | F. 6. Inflammable-Kalke. |
| 1. Diamond. | 1. Lazulite. | 1. Asbestus. | 1. Cryolite. |
| 2. Turquois. | 2. Fluorspar. | ||
| 3. Amblygonite. | 3. Wagnerite. | ||
| 4. Apatite. | |||
| F. 7. Ore-Silex. | F. 7. Ore-Clays. | F. 7. Ore-Talcs. | F. 7. Ore-Kalke. |
| 1. Garnet. | 1. Harmotome. | 1. Chrysolite. | 1. Titanite. |
| 2. Vesuvian. | 2. Gadolinite. | 2. Hyalosiderite. | 2. Tungsten. |
| 3. Acmite. | 3. Orthite. | 3. Pharmacolite. | |
| F. 8. Water-Silex. | F. 8. Water-Clays. | F. 8. Water-Talcs. | F. 8. Water-Kalke. |
| 1. Flint-stone. | 1. Wærthite. | 1. Schiller-spar. | 1. Diaspore. |
| 2. Jasper. | 2. Allophane. | 2. Serpentine. | 2. Wavellite. |
| 3. Hornstone. | 3. Pyrophyllite. | 3. Steatite. | 3. Hydrophyllite. |
| 4. Opal. | 4. Clay-slate. | 4. Meerschaum. | |
| F. 9. Air-Silex. | F. 9. Air-Clays. | F. 9. Air-Talcs. | F. 9. Air-Kalke. |
| 1. Tripoli. | 1. Potter's-clay. | 1. Agalmatolite. | 1. Aluminite. |
| 2. Polierschiefer. | 2. Clay-stone. | 2. Lithomarge. | 2. Heavy-spar. |
| 3. Silicious-sinter. | 3. Porcelain-clay. | 3. Fuller's-earth. | 3. Celestine. |
| 4. Cimolite. | 4. Bole. | 4. Gypsum. | |
| F. 10. Fire-Silex. | F. 10. Fire-Clays. | F. 10. Fire-Talcs. | F. 10. Fire-Kalke. |
| 1. Pitchstone. | 1. Clay Iron-stone. | 1. Basalt. | 1. Mellilite. |
| 2. Pearlstone. | 2. Toad-stone. | 2. Magnesite. | |
| 3. Obsidian. | 3. Phonolite. | 3. Strontianite. | |
| 4. Pumice. | 4. Lavas. | 4. Limestone. | |
| SECOND CLASS. | |||
| WATER-EARTHS—SALTS. | |||
| ORDER I. | ORDER II. | ORDER III. | ORDER IV. |
| Earth-Salts. | Salt-Salts. | Inflammable Salts. | Ore-Salts. |
| Double Salts. | Neutral Salts. | Soaps. | Vitriols. |
| Fam. 1. Silicic Acid. | Fam. 1. Fluoric Acid. | Fam. 1. Silicio-sulphuret of Potash. | Fam. 1. Fluoric Acid. |
| Fluoric-acid earths. | Alkalis. | Metals. | |
| F. 2. Albuminic Acid. | F. 2. Bromic Acid. | F. 2. Argillaceo-sulphuret of Potash. | F. 2. Bromic Acid. |
| Bromic acid. | |||
| F. 3. Oxide of Magnesia. | F. 3. Iodic Acid. | F. 3. Magnesio-sulphuret of Potash. | F. 3. Iodic Acid. |
| F. 4. Oxide of Calcium. | F. 4. Cyanic Acid. | F. 4. Calcareo-sulphuret of Potash. | F. 4. Cyanic Acid. |
| Cyanic acid. | |||
| F. 5. Hydrochloric Acid. | F. 5. Hydrochloric Acid. | F. 5. Salt-Soaps. | F. 5. Hydrochloric Acid. |
| Boracic acid. | 1. Sassoline. | 1. Potassio-sulphuret of Potash. | |
| 2. Borax. | 2. Ammoniaco-sulphuret of Potash. | ||
| F. 6. Pyric Acid. | F. 6. Inflammable-Acid. | F. 6. Inflammable-Soaps. | F. 6. Inflammable-Acid. |
| 1. Alum. | 1. Sulphate of Soda. | 1. Hard or Soda-soap | 1. Green or Iron-vitriol. |
| 2. Magnesia. | 2. Sulphate of Potash. | 2. Soft or Potash-soap | 2. Blue or Copper-vitriol. |
| 3. Mascagnine. | 3. Linimentum volatile | 3. White or Zinc-vitriol. | |
| 4. Sub-nitrate of Bismuth. | |||
| F. 7. Metallic Oxide. | F. 7. Ore-Acid. | F. 7. Metallic Soaps. | F. 7. Metallic Acid. |
| Arsenic acid. | 1. Antimonium diaphoreticum. | 1. Carbonate of Lead. | 1. White Arsenic. |
| 2. Liquor arsenicalis Fowleri. | |||
| F. 8. Water-Acid. | F. 8. Water-Acid. | F. 8. Water-Soaps. | F. 8. Water-Acid. |
| 1. Sulphate of Magnesia. | 1. Rock-salt. | 1. Mucus. | 1. Butter of Antimony. |
| 2. Sulphate of Baryta. | 2. Muriate of Soda. | 2. Gelatine. | 2. Calomel. |
| 3. Murias Ammoniæ. | 3. Salmiac. | 3. Albumen. | |
| 4. Chloride of Calcium. | 4. Coagulable lymph. | ||
| F. 9. Air-Acid. | F. 9. Air-Acid. | F. 9. Air-Soaps. | F. 9. Air-Acid. |
| Nitric acid. | Nitrate of Potash. | 1. Sugar. | 1. Nitrate of Silver. |
| 1. Nitrate of Strontian. | 2. Manna. | ||
| 2. Nitrate of Lime. | 3. Honey. | ||
| F. 10. Fire-Acid. | F. 10. Fire-Acid. | F. 10. Fire-Soaps. | F. 10. Fire-Acid. |
| Carbonic acid. | 1. Soda. | 1. Extracts. | 1. Tartar emetic. |
| Super-carbonate of Lime. | 2. Subcarbonate of Potash. | 2. Sugar of Lead. | |
| 3. Binoxalate of Potash | 3. Fulminating Silver. | ||
| Acetate of Potash. | 4. Acetate of Potash. | ||
| THIRD CLASS. | |||
| AIR-EARTHS—INFLAMMABLES. | |||
| ORDER I. | ORDER II. | ORDER III. | ORDER IV. |
| Earth-Inflammables | Salt-Inflammables. | Inflammable-Inflammables. | Ore-Inflammables. |
| Coals. | Fats. | Resins. | Pigments. |
| Fam. 1. Silicious Coals. | Fam. 1. Spermaceti. | Fam. 1. Sulphur. | Fm. 1. Silicious-Pigments. |
| 1. Common Coal. | 1. Alcohol of Sulphur. | 1. Litmus. | |
| 2. Orpiment. | |||
| F. 2. Argillaceous Coals. | F. 2. Adipocire. | F. 2. Boron. | F. 2. Argillaceous Pigments. |
| 1. Common Coal. | |||
| F. 3. Talcose Coals. | F. 3. Oleine. | F. 3. Selenium. | F. 3. Talc Pigments. |
| 1. Common Coal. | |||
| F. 4. Calcareous Coals. | F. 4. Tallow. | F. 4. Phosphorus. | F. 4. Calcareous Pigments. |
| 1. Common Coal. | 1. Stearine. | ||
| F. 5. Salt-Coals. | F. 5. Salt-Fats. | F. 5. Salt-Resins. | F. 5. Salt-Pigments. |
| 1. Gunpowder. | 1. Lard. | 1. Chloride of Sulphur. | 1. Krapp. |
| 2. Train-oil. | 2. Chloride of Phosphorus. | 2. Dier's-weed. | |
| F. 6. Inflammable-Coals. | F. 6. Inflammable-Fats. | F. 6. Inflammable-Resins. | F. 6. Inflammable-Pigments. |
| 1. Anthracite. | 1. Butter. | 1. Mineral-pitch. | 1. Sandal-wood. |
| 2. Cream. | 2. Amber. | 2. Log-wood. | |
| 3. Turpentine. | 3. Curcuma. | ||
| 4. Caoutchouc. | 4. Chlorophyle. | ||
| F. 7. Ore-Coals. | F. 7. Ore-Fats. | F. 7. Ore-Resins. | F. 7. Ore-Pigments. |
| 1. Black Lead. | 1. Wax. | 1. Turpentine. | 1. Succory. |
| 2. Pyrorthite. | 2. Balsam of Peru. | 2. Quercitron. | |
| 3. Mecca-balsam | 3. Woad. | ||
| F. 8. Water-Coals. | F. 8. Water-Fats. | F. 8. Water-Resins. | F. 8. Water-Pigments. |
| 1. Brown Coals. | 1. Cocoa-butter. | 1. Assafœtida. | 1. Sap-green. |
| 2. Peat. | 2. Palm-oil. | 2. Gumboge. | 2. Oak-gall. |
| 3. Nutmeg. | 3. Myrrh. | ||
| 4. Laurel-oil. | 4. Opium. | ||
| F. 9. Air-Coals. | F. 9. Air-Fats. | F. 9. Air-Resins. | F. 9. Air-Pigments. |
| 1. Lignite. | 1. Linseed-oil. | 1. Petroleum. | 1. Saffranon. |
| 2. Nut-oil. | 2. Dippel's Oil. | 2. Saffron. | |
| 3. Hemp-oil. | 3. Camphor. | 3. Anotto. | |
| 4. Poppy-oil. | 4. Oil of Turpentine. | ||
| F. 10. Fire-Coals. | F. 10. Fire-Fats. | F. 10. Fire-Resins. | F. 10. Fire-Pigments. |
| 1. Fibrine. | 1. Rape-oil. | 1. Spirits of Wine. | 1. Scarlet. |
| 2. Olive-oil. | 2. Sulphuric Ether. | 2. Blood-red. | |
| 3. Oil of Almonds. | 3. Acetic Ether. | ||
| 4. Formic Spirit. | |||
| FOURTH CLASS. | |||
| FIRE-EARTHS—ORES. | |||
| ORDER I. | ORDER II. | ORDER III. | ORDER IV. |
| Earth-Ores. | Salt-Ores. | Inflammable-Ores. | Ore-Ores. |
| Ochres. | Halde. | Inflammables. | Metals. |
| Fam. 1. Silicious Ochres. | Fam. 1. Silicious Halde. | F. 1. Silic. Inflammables. | F. 1. Silicious Metals. |
| 1. Lierite. | 1. Fluor-Cererium. | 1. Zinc-blende. | 1. Tantalium. |
| 2. Dioptase. | 2. Cinnabar. | ||
| 3. Antimonial Silver. | 3. Red Antimony. | ||
| 4. Electric Calamine. | 4. Ruby Silver-ore. | ||
| F. 2. Argillaceous Ochres. | F. 2. Argillaceous Halde. | F. 2. Argillaceous Inflammables. | F. 2. Argillaceous Metals. |
| 1. Clay Iron-stone. | Bromic acid. | 1. Iron Pyrites. | 1. Wolfram. |
| 2. Polymignite. | 2. Copper Pyrites. | 2. Iron. | |
| 3. Yttro-tantalite. | 3. Tin Pyrites. | 3. Cerium. | |
| 4. Manganese. | |||
| F. 3. Talc Ochres. | F. 3. Talc-Halde. | F. 3. Talc Inflammables. | F. 3. Talc-Metals. |
| 1. Blue Iron-stone. | Iodic acid. | 1. Vanadium. | |
| 2. Uranium. | |||
| 3. Titanium. | |||
| 4. Chromium. | |||
| F. 4. Calcareous Ochres. | F. 4. Calcareous Halde. | F. 4. Calcareous Inflammables. | F. 4. Calcareous Metals. |
| 1. Black oxide of Manganese. | Cyanic acid. | 1. Sulphuret of Molybdena. | 1. Molybdenum. |
| 2. Pyrochlore. | 2. Osmium. | ||
| F. 5. Salt-Ochres. | F. 5. Salt-Halde. | F. 5. Salt-Inflammables. | F. 5. Salt-Metals. |
| 1. Bog-iron. | Boracic acid. | 1. Copper-glance. | 1. Copper. |
| 2. Gray-copper. | |||
| F. 6. Inflammable-Ochres. | F. 6. Inflammable-Halde. | F. 6. Inflammable-Inflammables. | F. 6. Inflammable-Metals. |
| 1. Wolfram. | 1. Sulphate of Lead. | 1. Nickel-glance. | 1. Nickel. |
| 2. Protoxide of Uranium. | 2. Blue phosphate of Iron. | 2. Cobalt-glance. | 2. Cobalt. |
| 3. Rutile. | 3. Uran-glance | ||
| 4. Tin-stone. | 4. Green phosphate of Lead. | ||
| F. 7. Ore-Ochres. | F. 7. Ore-Halde. | F. 7. Ore-Inflammables. | F. 7. Ore-Metals. |
| 1. Iron-glance. | 1. Chromate of Lead. | 1. Sulphur-Platinum. | 1. Rhodium. |
| 2. Titanate of Iron. | 2. Cube-ore. | 2. Iridium | |
| 3. Chromate of Iron. | 3. Olivenite. | 3. Palladium. | |
| 4. Red Copper ore. | 4. Cobalt-bloom. | 4. Platinum. | |
| F. 8. Water-Ochres. | F. 8. Water-Halde. | F. 8. Water-Inflammables. | F. 8. Water-Metals. |
| 1. Thraulite. | 1. Muriate of Copper. | 1. Antimonial Nickel. | 1. Antimony. |
| 2. Brown Iron-stone ore. | 2. Horn-lead. | 2. Gray Antimony | 2. Tin. |
| 3. Gray ore of Manganese. | 3. Horn-silver. | 3. Lead. | |
| 3. Galena. | |||
| F. 9. Air-Ochres. | F. 9. Air-Halde. | F. 9. Air-Inflammables. | F. 9. Air-Metals. |
| 1. Umbra. | Nitric acid. | 1. Acicular Bismuth. | 1. Zinc. |
| 2. Yellow-earth. | 2. Cadmium. | ||
| 3. Black Copper. | 2. Bismuth-glance. | 3. Bismuth. | |
| 4. Black Cobalt. | 3. Arsenical Pyrites. | 4. Arsenic. | |
| F. 10. Fire-Ochres. | F. 10. Fire-Halde. | F. 10. Fire-Inflammables. | F. 10. Fire-Metals. |
| 1. White Antimony | 1. Iron-spar. | 1. Foliated Tellurium. | 1. Tellurium. |
| 2. Mennige. | 2. Earthy blue copper. | 2. Silver-glance. | 2. Mercury. |
| 3. Bismuth Ochre. | 3. Carbon of Lead. | 3. Silver. | |
| 4. Protoxide of Arsenic. | 4. Calamine. | 4. Gold. | |
II.—GEOLOGY.
545. Geology is the history of the formation of the planet. It is the doctrine which comprises the structure and thus the form, with the organs or members of the planet, if we would compare the latter with an organic body.
1. Form of the Planet.
546. Crystallization belongs to the essence of the earth as the globular form does to that of water. The life of the earth consists in the formation of crystals. The being of the earth and of the crystal are identical. The solid planet earth, has originated also according to the laws of crystallization.
547. It is not, however, a single large crystal, the structure of which appears to be homogeneous; but it is crystallized in its smallest parts; it is an accumulation of crystals, which its atoms, integral parts, or constituent forms present for our examination. If a schorl or feldspar were extended to the size of the whole earth, its integral parts, though undiscoverable before by the microscope, would then become visible. Crystals would be exhibited therein of silicious, argillaceous, talcose, and calcareous earths, of iron, boracic acid, &c. In short it would prove a complex kind of rock or mountain. The fundamental or principal mass of the planet is thus a granular kind of rock or mountain, probably like granite. Each of these constituent forms is crystallized for itself out of the fluid-mass according to the laws developed in the theory of crystallization, in every point of the fluid a globe of crystallizing forces being constituted, that generated the constituent forms.