[472] Rom. i, 28, with the person of the verb changed.
[473] Matt. xxvii, 28; John xix, 2.
[474] Here, as was common in medieval Latin, “seu” is the equivalent of “et,” and means “and.” Valla’s criticism is correct, but might go further in fixing the time of the forgery. Cf. supra, [p. 91, note 1].
[475] Lucan, Pharsalia, i, 7.
[476] In our best texts of the Donation this word is “banda,” used in the eighth century for “colors” or “flags.”
[477] Horace, Ars Poetica, l. 97.
[478] Julius Valerius, Res Gestae Alexandri, i, 37.
[479] At Rome in the eighth century, the time of the forgery, “militia” indicated a civil rank, rather than soldiers.
[480] The allusion is to the title of Patrician given to Pippin and to his sons as defenders of the Roman See.
[481] The office of consul as it existed in the Republic and the Empire disappeared in the time of the German invasions. The word was later applied quite differently, to a group, practically a social class, at Rome.