Branches, primary. The leading or main branches thrown out directly from the trunk, giving a general shape to the head.

Branches, secondary. Never directly from the trunk but from other branches.

Buttressed. Supported against strain in any direction by a conspicuous ridge-like enlargement of the trunk vertically to the roots. Several of these buttresses often give a tree a square appearance.

Caducous. Dropping off very early after development.

Calyx. The outer set of the leaves of the flower.

Campanulate. Bell-shaped.

Capitate. Head-shaped or collected in a head.

Capsule. A dry compound fruit.

Carpel. A simple pistil.

Catkin. See ament.