economic evolution in, [72] ff.

Pan-Syrian Congress, [191]

Pan-Turanism. See [Turanians]

Pan-Turkism, See [Turkey], rise of nationalism in

Persia, 1914 insurrection in, [61];

an English protectorate, [62];

tyranny in, [116];

independence of, [118];

liberal movement in, [118];

1908 revolution in, [119], [159] ff.;