liberal movement in, [118];

democracy in, [126];

birth of nationalism in, [138];

language of, [138];

Pan-Turanism in, [140] ff., [161] ff., [183] ff.;

Arabian rebellion against, [141] ff.;

Allied treaty with, [193];

Arab aid given to, [194] ff.;

Western educational methods in, [256];

status of women in, [258];