The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.

by Louis Figuier

---

INDEX.

• Abdominales, [560.]
• Acalephæ, or Sea Nettles, [195.]
• Acanthopterygians, [590.]
• Acclimatizing sponges, [80.]
• Acephalous Mollusca, [316.]
• Acetabuliferous Cephalopods, [448.]
• Achatina zebra, [409.]
• Actiniaria, [181.]
• —— dianthus, [189.]
• Æquerea violacea, [198.]
• Agalma rubra, [239.]
• Its graceful appearance, ib.
• Its interior, [240.]
• Alcyonaria, [119.]
• —— proper, [144.]
• Alcyonium digitatum, [144,] [151.]
• Allice Shad, [584.]
• Alternate generation in the Biphora, [315.]
• Alveolina oblonga, [95.]
• Ambulacral appendages, [263.]
• Amœbæ diffluens, [86.]
• —— princeps, [86.]
• Ammodytes lancea, [537.]
• Anabas, [596.]
• Analysis of sea water, [15,] [18.]
• Anatomy of the Carp, [504.]
• Anchovy (Engraulis), [589.]
• Ancient trilobite, [448.]
• Animalcules, their action, [10.]
• Antarctic Ocean, [3.]
• Discoveries, [44,] [50.]
• Antipathidæ, [148,] [149.]
• Apiocrinus pentacrinus, [271.]
• Aplysia depilans, shell and animal, [393.]
• Apoda, [536.]
• Apolemia contorta, [241.]
• Parts magnified, [242.]
• Aporous Madrepores, [150.]
• Appearance of the sea, [60.]
• Aquarium, the, [66.]
• Arctic Ocean, [9.]
• Argonauta, fables concerning it, [467.]
• Aristotle's description, ib.
• Oppian's description, [468.]
• His mistakes, ib.
• Rumphius, [469.]
• Real history, [470.]
• Madame Power's experiments, ib.
• Locomotive organs, [471.]
• Argonauta argo, shell and animal, [469.]
• —— papyracea, animal and shell, [471.]
• Aristotle's Lantern, [287,] [289.]
• Ascidia microcosmus, [310.]
• —— pedunculata, [311.]
• Ascidians, simple, social, and composite, [310.]
• Aspergillum vaginiferum, [331.]
• Asteracanthion glacialis, [264.]
• Asterias, [260.]
• —— aurantiaca, [263.]
• —— rubens, [261.]
• Asterophyton verrucosum, [279.]
• Astrea punctifera, [155.]
• Atlantic Ocean, [2.]
• Atmospheric currents, [29.]
• Atolls and Atollons, [166.]
• Aurelia aurita, [199.]
• Azoic rocks, [61.]
• Bacterium termo, [108.]
• Baffin's Bay discovered, [44.]
• Baltic Sea, [6.]
• Barentz's discoveries, [44.]
• Barren reefs, [173.]
• Beale's adventure with a Cuttle-fish, [452.]
• Bed of coral, [128.]
• Behring's Straits, [44.]
• Beröe Forskahli, [255.]
• Berthelot's representation of the capture of a Cephalopod, [462.]
• Biphora, [313.]
• Birth of coralline larvæ, [133.]
• Bivalves, how united, [318.]
• Blue minyade, [193.]
• Bonitas, [595,] [602.]
• Bonpland's account of the Electrical Eel, [539.]
• Boring Pholades, [326.]
• Botrillus, [311.]
• Branch of Virgularia magnified, [143.]
• Branchial infusoria, [107.]
• Breathing in Molluscs, [305.]
• Brooke's sounding apparatus, [5.]
• Bryozoare Polyps, [134.] Their organization, [305.]
• Buccinum senticosum, and B. undatum, [433.]
• Bulimus sultanus, [408.]
• Bulla ampulla, B. oblonga, and B. nebulosa, [394.]
• Cabot's discoveries, [43,] [554.]
• Calmar, the, [458.]
• Callianira, [257.]
• Campanulariæ, [228.]
• Cancale Oysters, [368.]
• Cape Horn, [2.]
• —— Race, [8.]
• Carcharius vulgaris (the Shark), [517.]
• Its description, ib.
• Destructive habits, [518.]
• Immense power, [519.]
• Its flesh coarse, [521.]
• Superstitious devotions to, [521,] [522.]
• Cardium hians, and C. Greenlandicum, [337.]
• —— aculeatum and C. edulis, [337.]
• —— costatum, [338.]
• Carnivorous Cephalopods, [454.]
• Cartilaginous fishes, [508.]
• Caryophillia cyathus, [151.]
• Cassidulina, [92.]
• Cassiopea Andromeda, [222.]
• Cassis glauca, C. rufa, C. canaliculata, and C. Madagascariensis, [429.]
• —— undata, [430.]
• Cat-fish, [591.]
• Celebrated Oyster eaters, [370.]
• Cephalopodous Mollusca, [445.]
• Cephalous Mollusca, [391.]
• Cerithium fasciatum, C. aluco, and C. giganteum, [419.]
• Cestidæ, [258.]
• Chancellor's discoveries, [43.]
• Chart of the Atlantic, [7.]
• Charybdis, whirlpool of, [42.]
• Chimæra arctica, [524.]
• Chiton magnificus, [410.]
• Chrysaora Gaudichaudi, [218.]
• Ciliate Infusoria, [111.]
• Circulating tubes in the Coral, [131.]
• Circulation of the ocean, [23.]
• Cirrotheutis Mülleri, [466.]
• Classic feast on the Corniche du Prado, at Marseilles, [291.]
• Cleodara cuspidata, [444.]
• —— lanceolata and C. compressa, [444.]
• Clupeadæ, [575.]
• Clypeaster rosaceus, [287.]
• Cocos Island, [170,] [172.]
• Cod curing, [556.]
• —— fish (Morrhua callarias), [553.]
• —— fisheries, [554.]
• Coffres (Ostracion), [533.]
• Colour of the sea, [11.]
• Local causes of, [13.]
• Effects of animalcules, ib.
• Algæ of rivers, [14.]
• Comatulæ, [275.]
• Comatula Mediterranea, [275.]
• Complicated organization of a polyp, [137.]
• Condylostoma patens, [113.]
• Conger Eels (Anguilla conger), [543.]
• Contents of a drop of water, [97.]
• Conus, principal forms of, [426.]
• Cook's discoveries, [44,] [50.]
• Coral and living polyps, [129.]
• —— fisheries, [137.]
• —— islands, [21.]
• Coralline spicula, [130.]
• Corallines, [119.]
• Cornularia cornucopia, [144.]
• Corpuscles from which young polyps emanate, [136.]
• Corystes Cassivelaunus, male, [489.]
• Female, [490.]
• Cothurnia pyxidiformis, [112.]
• Crabs, their habits, mode of attacking cocoa-nuts, [484.]
• Travelling Crabs, [485.]
• Propagation, [486.]
• Cramp-fish (Torpedo marmorata), [514.]
• Crinoïdea, [270.]
• Cruelty to Oysters, [372.]
• Crustaceans, [477.]
• Their organization, [478.]
• Breathing apparatus, [481.]
• Destructive habits, [482.]
• Crystatella mucedo, [307.]
• Ctenophora, [198,] [254.]
• Cultivation of Oysters, [375.]
• Currents of the ocean, their causes, [23,] [27,] [28.]
• Bifurcation of currents, [33.]
• Cuttle-fish, [449.]
• Described, [455.]
• Its pigments, [456.]
• Habits, [457.]
• Cyclones, [32.]
• Cyclopteris, [544.]
• Cyclostoma, [508.]
• Cydippa pilens, [257.]
• Cypræa, principal forms of, [420.]
• —— capensis, C. testudinaria, C. nucleus, and C. pantherina, [423.]
• —— coccinella, [421.]
• —— tigris and animal, ib.
• —— undata, C. zigzag, C. moneta, and C. Madagascariensis, [422.]
• Cytherea, principal forms of, [335.]
• —— geographica, ib.
• Dab (Platessa limanda), [550.]
• Dactylopora cylindracea, [95.]
• Darwin's observations at Terra del Fuego, [167.]
• —— theory of coral islands, [21.]
• —— theory of subsidence, [170.]
• Daughter of the sea, [137.]
• Davis's discoveries, [43.]
• Dead men's fingers, [144.]
• Death in the ocean, [62.]
• Decapoda, their organization, [464.]
• Decomposition of Infusoria, [97.]
• De Haven's search for Franklin, [58.]
• Delphinula sphærula, [417.]
• Dendrophylla ramea, [160.]
• Magnified, [161.]
• Density of salt water, [16.]
• Dentalina communis, [92.]
• Depth of the sea, [1.]
• Depths of oceanic storms, [63.]
• Diodon pilosus, [532.]
• Diphydæ, [242.]
• Disaster of the San Francisco, [32.]
• Discobolidæ, [544.]
• Discophora, [198.]
• Distribution of land and water, [1.]
• Dog-fish (Acanthias vulgaris), [522.]
• Donax trunculus, [320.]
• —— rugosus and D. denticulatus, [333.]
• Dredge employed in Oyster fishing, [375.]
• Dujardin's discoveries, [85.]
• D'Urville's voyages, [44,] [51.]
• Adelia's Land, [53.]
• Dykes of Holland undermined, [322.]
• Early animal life, [61.]
• Echineis remora, [544,] [545.]
• Echinodermata, [259.]
• Echinoidæ, [280.]
• Armament, ib.
• Skeleton and masticating apparatus, [288.]
• Echinus esculentus, [284.]
• —— mamillatus, without spines, [282.]
• —— —— with spines, [281.]
• Edible Snails, [405.]
• Edwardsia calimorpha, [191.]
• Effects of hurricanes, [40.]
• Eggs of Sepia officinalis, [457.]
• Electrical Eel, [537.]
• Electrical properties of the Cramp-fish, [514.]
• Organs described, [518.]
• Eledone moschatus, its habits, [465.]
• Encrinites, or Stone-lilies, [270.]
• Encrinus liliformis, [271.]
• Enderby's Land, [44.]
• Equinoctial currents, [30.]
• Eschara, [307.]
• Esocidæ, [571.]
• Euglenia viridis, [111.]
• European pentacrinus, [273.]
• Euryalina, [279.]
• Evaporation, [17.]
• Its effects on the sea, [18.]
• Exocœtus exiliens, [573.]
• Expanding Coral, [135.]
• Experiments on the Physalia, [249.]
• Exuberance of life in the ocean, [62.]
• Fabularia discolithes, [95.]
• Falkland Islands, [165.]
• Fan Gorgon, magnified, [122.]
• Faujasina, [91.]
• File-fish (Balistes), [532.]
• First Oyster-eater, [369.]
• Fishes, their organization, [502.]
• Locomotive apparatus, ib.
• Swimming bladder, [503.]
• Breathing apparatus, [505.]
• Sight, ib.
• Propagation, [507.]
• Classification, [508.]
• Fish's eye, [505.]
• —— teeth, [506.]
• Fishing for Coral, [137.]
• —— — Electrical Eels with horses, [539.]
• —— — Halibut, [551.]
• —— — Sponges, [78.]
• Flabellum pavoninum, [153.]
• Flat fishes, their organization, [546.]
• Special properties, ib.
• Flight of the Flying-fish, [573.]
• Flounders (Platessa flessus), [549.]
• Flustra foliacea, [308.]
• Flux of the waves, [37.]
• Flying-fish, [571,] [573.]
• —— Gurnard, [595.]
• Fog-banks, [26.]
• Foraminifera, [87.]
• Franklin's discoveries, [47.]
• Fringing reefs, [174,] [175.]
• Frog-fish (Lophius), [605.]
• Fungia agariciformis, [159.]
• —— echinata, [158.]
• Fusus proboscidiferus, F. pagodus, and F. colus, [436.]
• Gadidæ, [552.]
• Galeolaria aurantiaca, [244.]
• Gathering of the waters, [11.]
• Generation of Star-fishes, [267.]
• Geographical distribution of Oysters, [368.]
• Gigantic Cephalopod stranded on the coast of Jutland, [461.]
• Globe-fish, [530.]
• Gorgonia flabellum, [121.]
• —— verticellata, [123.]
• Gorgonidæ, [121.]
• Gosse's description of the Sea-urchin, [282.]
• Gulf of Mexico, [9.]
• —— Stream, [32.]
• Gurnards (Trigla), [594.]
• Gymnotus, its electrical properties, [538.]
• Effect of its shock, [540.]
• Haddock (Morrhua æglefinus), [559.]
• Halibut, [551.]
• Hammerhead (Zygæna malleus), [523.]
• —— mollusc, [352.]
• Harpa imperialis, and H. articularis, [434.]
• —— ventricosa, [433.]
• Harpooning Holothuria, [295.]
• Helix citrina, and H. Stuartia, [408.]
• Hermit Crab, [492.]
• Herring, the, [575.]
• Fisheries, [576.]
• Habits, [577.]
• Scotch fisheries, ib.
• Dutch fisheries, [578.]
• A night at the herring fishery, [580.]
• Norwegian fisheries, [582.]
• Holothuria lutea, [293.]
• —— fishery, [295.]
• Humboldt's researches, [538.]
• Hyalea gibbosa, and H. longirostris, [443.]
• Indian Ocean, [2.]
• Industrial occupation on the sea-shore, [65.]
• Inequalities of the sea-basin, [9.]
• Infusoria, [97.]
• Their numbers, ib.
• In the Ganges, ib.
• Species, ib.
• In blocks of ice, [98.]
• Reproduction, [103.]
• Infusorial parasites, [105.]
• Isis corolloïdis, [124.]
• —— hippuris, [125.]
• Jan Mayen's Island, [44.]
• Kane's, Dr., discoveries, [25,] [49.]
• Kerguelen Island, [44.]
• Kraken, marvellous stories concerning, [460.]
• Labridæ, [606.]
• Labrus communis, ib.
• Labyrinthiform Pharyngeans, [596.]
• Land and water, [1.]
• Legend of the first mussel-fisher, [347.]
• —— —— Sea-urchin, [282.]
• Life in the ocean, [60.]
• Limax rufus, [400.]
• Limpets, [410.]
• Lobsters, [496.]
• Loligo vulgaris, and L. Gahi, [459.]
• Lophius piscatorius, [605.]
• Lophobranchii, [534.]
• Luidia fragillissima, [269.]
• Lumbricus terrestris, [114.]
• Lump-fish (Cyclopteris), [537.]
• —— —— (Raia clavata), [503.]
• Lunar tides, [35.]
• Lymnea stagnalis, [397.]
• Lymneans, [397.]
• Their habits, ib.
• Organization, [398.]
• Mackerel,[ 599.]
• Do they migrate? [600.]
• M'Clintock's discoveries, [48.]
• M'Clure's discoveries, ib.
• Madreporidæ, [159.]
• Madrepora plantaginea, [162.]
• Madrague, a combination of nets, [597.]
• Maelström whirlpool, [42.]
• Malacopterygii, [536.]
• Malleus alba, [352.]
• —— vulgaris, ib.
• Mantle in Molluscs, its uses, [319.]
• Marenna Oysters, [368.]
• Masticating apparatus, [288.]
• Mean depth of the sea, [1-3.]
• Meandrina cerebriformis, [156.]
• Mediterranean Sea, [6.]
• Medusadæ, [195,] [213.]
• Medway Oyster-beds, [368.]
• Meleagrina margaritifera, [353.]
• Metamorphoses in Infusoria, [106.]
• Microscopic forms of life, [62.]
• Millepora alcicornis, [164.]
• Milne Edwards's study, [65.]
• Minyadinians, [193.]
• Mitra episcopalis and M. papalis, [425.]
• Molluscoïda, [303.]
• Organization, [304.]
• Generation, [305.]
• Mollusca, [301.]
• Their characteristics, [315.]
• Monade Lentille, [109.]
• Monodonta Australis, and M. labia, [416.]
• Monsoons, [33.]
• Montfort, Denis de, on the Kraken, [460.]
• Moon-fish (Orthogoriscus mola), [530.]
• Mounts Erebus and Terror, [55.]
• Mullet (Mullus), [591.]
• A Roman luxury, [592.]
• Muræna, [541.]
• —— ponds, a passion with Roman patricians, [542.]
• Murex scorpio, and M. erinaceus, [435.]
• —— tenuispina, and M. haustellum, [434.]
• Muschelkalk rocks, [272.]
• Mussels, [344.]
• Organization of, [345.]
• Habits, ib.
• Localities, [346.]
• Mussels of Aiguillon Bay, [347.]
• Mussel-piles in Aiguillon Bay, [349.]
• —— —— with basket-work, ib.
• —— punt of Aiguillon, [348.]
• Mutilation of Infusoria, [107.]
• Mytylus edulus, [344.]
• Nacre, its composition, [353.]
• Nadir points, [36.]
• Nautilus pompilius, section with animal and without, [446.]
• Nephtys, [145.]
• New Caledonia, [174.]
• Noctiluca miliaris, [96.]
• Nummulites, [93.]
• Nummulitis lenticularis, [92.]
• —— Rouaulti, [94.]
• Occulina flabelliformis, [153.]
• Octopus brevisses, and O. horridus, [464.]
• —— macropus, ib.
• —— vulgaris, [463.]
• Olaüs Magnus on the Kraken, [460.]
• Oldhamia, [61.]
• Oliva erythrostoma, O. porphyria, O. irisans, and O. Peruviana, [428.]
• Operculina, [92.]
• Ophiocoma Russei, [278.]
• Ophiuradæ, [277.]
• Organization of Foraminiferæ, [96.]
• —— — Infusoria, [100.]
• —— — Sponges, [81.]
• —— — Star-fishes, [260.]
• Ossei, or Bony fishes, [529.]
• Ostend Oysters, [368.]
• Ostreadæ (the Oyster), [362.]
• Oyster (Ostrea), [362.]
• Its organization, ib.
• Reproduction, [365.]
• Incubation, ib.
• Oyster beds of France, [378.]
• —— beds on Lake Fusaro, [376,] [378.]
• —— claires of Marennes, [380.]
• —— cultivation, [375.]
• —— eaters, [370.]
• —— farms at Whitstable, [383.]
• —— fishing, [374.]
• —— of different ages, [366.]
• —— packing system, [378.]
• Ovulum oviformis, and O. cornea, [424.]
• —— volva, [425.]
• Pacific Ocean, [3.]
• Pagurus Bernhardus, [492.]
• Palinurus vulgaris, [487.]
• Pallas on Alcyonia, [145.]
• Pandore Oyster beds, [384.]
• Paramecium aurelia and its parasites, [105.]
• —— Bursaria, [112.]
• Parr, or young Salmon, [563.]
• Parry's discoveries, [46.]
• Patella cærulea, P. umbella, [411.]
• P. granatina, and P. barbata, [412.]
• —— longicosta, ib.
• Paulin's submarine apparatus, [65.]
• Pearl fisheries, [255.]
• Value of, [257.]
• —— Oyster, [253.]
• Pearly Nautilus, [447.]
• Pecten glaber, [386.]
• —— Japonica, [387.]
• —— opercularis, ib.
• —— plica, ib.
• —— pseudamussium, [386.]
• Pectenidæ, [385.]
• Pelagia noctiluca, [200.]
• Pelagic plants and animals, [61.]
• —— rivers, [30.]
• Pennatula spinosa, [141.]
• Pennatulidæ, [139.]
• Pentacrinus, [271.]
• —— caput Medusæ, [272.]
• —— Europæus, [273.]
• —— fasciculosus, [271.]
• Pectunculatis aureflua, [342.]
• —— delessertii, ib.
• —— pectiniformis, [343.]
• —— scriptus, ib.
• Perforated madrepores, [150.]
• Peyssonnel's discoveries, [126.]
• Phallusia grossularia, [310.]
• Pholades, or borers, [328.]
• Pholas crispata, [329.]
• —— papyracea, and P. melanoura, ib.
• Phosphorescence of the sea, [12.]
• Causes of, [13.]
• Phosphorescent chain of Salpæ, [315.]
• Phyllactis prætexta, [192.]
• Physa castanea, [399.]
• Physalia, [244.]
• Its poisonous properties, [248.]
• Physical properties of water, [24.]
• Physophora hydrostatica, [234.]
• Pilchards, [585.]
• Cornwall "huers," the pilchard fishery, [586.]
• Pinna bullata and P. nobilis, [362.]
• —— rudis and P. nigrina, [361.]
• Pinnoctopus corolliformis, [466.]
• Pintadine pearls, [353.]
• Pipe-fish (Syngnathus), [534.]
• Pipe-fishes (Fistularia), [607.]
• Plaice (Platessa vulgaris), [549.]
• Planorbis corneus, [398.]
• Pleuronectidæ, [546.]
• Plumatella cristallina, [306.]
• Polar seas, [43.]
• Expeditions to, ib.
• Polyp and branch, [131.]
• Polypidom, [144.]
• —— and Polypi defined, [116.]
• Polypifera, [116.]
• Polypiferous crust in Gorgons, [149.]
• Pomotouan Archipelago, [169.]
• Porites, [162.]
• —— astroïdes, [147.]
• —— furcata, [163.]
• Porpita pacifica, [233.]
• Porpitæ, [232.]
• Portion of the disk of Physophora hydrostatica, [236.]
• Portunus variegatus, [488.]
• Poulpe: Marvellous stories of the ancients concerning, [460.]
• Mandibles preserved in the College of Surgeons, [461.]
• Praya diphys, [243.]
• Primitive generation, [106.]
• Principal forms of Anodon, [340.]
• —— species of Sea-anemones, [187.]
• Propagation of Infusoria, [104.]
• —— of Sea-urchins, [290.]
• Protozoa, [71.]
• Leuwenhoek's discoveries, ib.
• Pteroceras, their origin, [439.]
• —— chiragra, and P. lambis, [440.]
• —— scorpio, and P. millepeda, [439.]
• Pteropoda, [441.]
• The organization, wings, or flappers, ib.
• Pulmonary Gasteropods, [396,] [409.]
• Pupa uva, [409.]
• Pure water, [15.]
• Purpura, its reputation with the ancients, [431.]
• —— consul, [432.]
• —— lapillus and patula, [432.]
• Pyrosoma, [312.]
• Raiadæ, [510.]
• Rarefaction in Polar seas, [59.]
• Rataria, [232.]
• Ravages of the Teredo, [321.]
• Ray-fish, [513.]
• Recuperative powers of Holothuria, [293.]
• Red Sea Corals, [175.]
• Reflux of tides, [35.]
• Reign of law, [61.]
• Rhizopods, [83.]
• Rhizostoma Aldrovandi, [221.]
• —— Cuvieri, [220.]
• Rock covered with young Coral Polyps, [135.]
• Roman indifference to life, [542.]
• Rose aurelia, [225.]
• Ross's (Sir James) discoveries, [44,] [45,] [51.]
• Rotation of the earth, [36.]
• Rotella Zealandica, [416.]
• Rudimentary forms of life, [61.]
• Rugous madrepores, [148.]
• Sagartia viduata, [189.]
• Salmonidæ, [561.]
• Salmon leaps, [565.]
• Falls of Kilmorack, ib.
• Anecdote of Lord Lovat, [566.]
• Salpa maxima, [314.]
• Saltness of the sea, [16.]
• Its source, [21.]
• Salt water at the Poles, [19.]
• At the Equator, ib.
• Salt-water lakes, [16.]
• Sarcoda, [100.]
• Sargasso Sea, [31.]
• Saw-fish, [524.]
• Scallop-shell, [385.]
• Scomberoïdes, [596.]
• Scoresby's account of the Polar seas, [56.]
• Scottish pearls, [341.]
• Scylla and Charybdis, [42.]
• Sea Anemone, [182.]
• Organization, [183.]
• Toxicological properties, [186.]
• —— Cucumber, [291.]
• —— Eel (Muræna Helena), [542.]
• —— Eggs, [291.]
• —— Horse (Hippocampus), [535.]
• —— Lampreys, [509.]
• —— Level, [10.]
• —— Mussels, [344.]
• —— Nettles, [195.]
• —— Palm, [272.]
• —— Pen, [139-144.]
• —— Slug, [407.]
• —— Snail (Liparis), [544.]
• —— Urchins, [281.]
• —— water, its components, [15.]
• Section of a Coral branch, [132.]
• —— of Atlantic Telegraph, [8.]
• Seine Net, [588.]
• Selachians, [510.]
• Sepia (Cuttle-fish), [449.]
• Its suckers, ib.
• —— officinalis, [455.]
• —— tuberculosa, and bone of S. officinalis, [456.]
• Sertulariadæ, [211.]
• Shad, the (Alosa), [584.]
• Shallow water, its temperature, [25.]
• Shark (Carcharius vulgaris), [517.]
• Shark-fishing, [520.]
• Shell of the Mollusca, [316.]
• Is it a skeleton? [317.]
• How built up, [318.]
• Shell of the Strombus, [438.]
• Ship-worm and its ravages, [321.]
• Its organization, [322.]
• Reproduction, [324.]
• Its boring hood, [326.]
• Siderolites calcitrapoides, [94.]
• Silver in the sea, [21.]
• Siphonophora, [228.]
• Skeleton Echinus, [288.]
• Skeleton of the Perch, [503.]
• Smolt, [564.]
• Snails: form and characteristics, [401.]
• Their organization, [402.]
• Breathing, ib.
• Circulation, ib.
• Sight, [403.]
• Reproduction, ib.
• Shell, ib.
• Their reputation with the Classics, [404.]
• Solarium perspecticum, and S. variegatum, [418.]
• Solar-lunar tides, [37.]
• Soles (Solea vulgaris), [547.]
• Sophonophora, [198.]
• Spearing Halibut, [551.]
• Spey Salmon, [568.]
• Spherical form of the earth, [10.]
• Spiroloculina, [92.]
• Spondylus, various, [387.]
• Spongia, half natural size, [75.]
• Spongia, [82.]
• Their generation, ib.
• Organization, [74.]
• Localities, ib.
• Varieties of, [80.]
• Spontaneous division of Infusoria, [104.]
• —— generation, [105.]
• Squalidæ, [517.]
• Star-corals (Astrea), [155.]
• Star-fishes, [260.]
• Their metamorphoses, [267.]
• Dismemberment, [268.]
• Suicidal propensities, ib.
• —— and Oysters, [266.]
• Stentor Mülleri, [114.]
• Stinging apparatus of Physophora hydrostatica, [238.]
• —— tentacles of Physalia, [247.]
• Stomach of Infusoria, [102.]
• Stomia boa, [571.]
• Strombus gigas, shell and animal, [437.]
• Stone lilies, [276.]
• Stormontfield fish-ponds, [563.]
• Straits of Gibraltar, [34.]
• Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), [526.]
• —— fishing in the Volga, [527.]
• Sturiona, [524.]
• Stylaster flabelliformis, [154.]
• Sub-branchiata, [544.]
• Submarine currents, [33.]
• Subsidence, theory of coral islands, [178.]
• Suckers, or Star-fishes, [264.]
• Suicidal tendency of Star-fishes, [269.]
• Surbinolia, [148.]
• Swimming bladder, [503.]
• Sword-fish (Xiphias), [602.]
• Warlike habits, [603.]
• Fishing, ib.
• Symphynota, [355.]
• Synapta duvernea, [299.]
• Succinea putris, [409.]
• Tabulate madrepores, [163.]
• Teeth of the Bream, [506.]
• —— —— Carp, ib.
• —— —— Gold-fish, [507.]
• —— —— Trout, ib.
• Tellina radiata, [334.]
• ——— sulphurea, and T. donacina, ib.
• ——— virgata, ib.
• Temperature of the sea, [24.]
• Tentacles of Molluscs, [302.]
• Tentaculiferous Cephalopods, [445.]
• Their suckers (Acetabula), ib.
• Teredo navalis, its ravages, [322,] [325.]
• Testacella haliotidea, [401.]
• Textilaria, [92.]
• Thalassianthidæ, [191.]
• Thames Oyster beds, [368.]
• Thermal lines of sea temperature, [23.]
• Thynnus pelamys (the Bonita), [596,] [602.]
• Tidal wave, [39.]
• Its height in different seas, [40.]
• Of the Atlantic, [25.]
• Tides, [35.]
• Torpedo marmorata, [514.]
• Trachinus communis, [590.]
• Trade-winds, their origin, [30.]
• Trembley's discoveries, [72.]
• Tridacna gigas, [338.]
• —— squamosa, [339.]
• Triton variegatum, T. lotorium, and T. anus, [435.]
• Trochus inermis, T. Cookii, and T. imbricatus, [414.]
• —— niloticus, and. T. virgatus, [414.]
• —— stellaris, [417.]
• Tubelaridæ, [226.]
• Tubiporinæ, [120.]
• Tubipora musica, ib.
• Tubulous madrepores, [150.]
• Tunicata, [309.]
• Tunny fish (Thynnus), [596.]
• ——— fishing, [597.]
• ——— net, ib.
• Turbo imperialis, [416.]
• ——— margaritaceus and T. argyrostomus, [415.]
• ——— undulatus, [415.]
• Turbot (Rhombus), [548.]
• Ultima Thule, [43.]
• Umbellularia Greenlandica, [143.]
• Unio littoralis, 340; and U. pictorum, [341.]
• Uranoscopus vulgaris, [592.]
• Urbulina universa, [92.]
• Uses of salt in the sea, [23.]
• Vastness of the oceanic fields of observation, [64.]
• Vegetable life, ib.
• Venus verrucosa, [335.]
• Veretillum cynomorium, [144.]
• Vetrina fasciata, [409.]
• Vibracule in molluscs, [301.]
• Vibrioni baguetta, [108.]
• Vilelladæ, [229.]
• —— limbosa, ib.
• Virgularia, [142.]
• —— mirabilis, ib.
• Volvox globator, [101.]
• Walsh's, Dr., experiments with the Torpedo, [515.]
• Water, [1.]
• Water-lilies, [304.]
• Watering-pot, the, [331.]
• Waves off Cape Horn, [41.]
• Weddell's discoveries, [44,] [51.]
• Weight of the waters of the sea, [11.]
• —— of equatorial waters, [28.]
• Weevers (Trachinus), [590,] [591.]
• Whence comes the salt of the sea? [21.]
• Whirlpools, [42.]
• Scylla, ib.
• Charybdis, ib.
• White Ray (Raia batis), [511.]
• Whiting (Merlangus vulgaris), [559,] [560.]
• Whorled Gorgon, magnified, [124.]
• Wilkes's expedition, [44,] [51.]
• Willoughby's discoveries, [43.]
• Winds, [39.]
• Effect on tides, ib.
• Wrasse (the), Labrus, [606.]
• Young Oysters, [366.]
• —— Polyp attached to a rock, [135.]
• Zenith points, [36.]
• Zoantharia [147,] [159.]
• Zoanthoa thalassanthos, [148.]
• Zoanthus socialis, [193.]
• Zone of Calms, [30.]
• Zoophytes, [69.]
• Its derivation, [70.]

LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, DUKE STREET, STAMFORD STREET,
AND CHARING CROSS.

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CATALOGUE

OF

CASSELL, PETTER, AND GALPIN'S