[168] Ibid., I., 269.
[169] Views of Society and Manners in America, p. 338.
[170] Views of Society and Manners in America, pp. 338-342.
[171] Arrivals of Alien Passengers and Immigrants in the United States from 1820 to 1890, pp. 16, 23.
By the Census of Massachusetts for 1885 it is seen that forty-nine per cent of all women in that state of foreign birth are Irish. I., 574-575.
[173] Lowell says of the Irish immigration, “It is really we who have been paying the rents over there [in Ireland], for we have to pay higher wages for domestic service to meet the drain.”—Letters, II., 336.
A racy discussion of the influence of the Irish cook in the American household is given by Mr. E. L. Godkin under the title “The Morals and Manners of the Kitchen,” in Reflections and Comments, p. 56.
[174] Arrivals of Alien Passengers and Immigrants in the United States from 1820 to 1890, pp. 15, 22.
[175] Women constituted 41.8 per cent of the total number of German immigrants arriving here during the twenty-two years ending June 30, 1890; the Irish forming 48.5 per cent.—Ibid., p. 11.