[Gradus]; Gressus; Passus. 1. Gressus denotes a step subjectively, whereas gradus objectively. Gressus is a step that is being taken; gradus that is taken. 2. Gressus is a product of going, but passus, of standing also, if the feet are at the same distance from each other as in walking. Gressus denotes any separation of the feet, whether longer or shorter, quicker or slower, whether deserving the name of step or not; whereas passus means a regular measured step, which at the same time serves as a measure of length. Virg. Æn. i. 414. Tendere gressus ad mœnia: comp. with ii. 723. Iulus sequitur patrem non passibus æquis. (iv. 58.)
Græci; Graii; Græculi; Græcanicus. 1. Græci denotes the Greeks merely as a term in the description of different nations, and a historical name, without any accessory moral reference; whereas Graii, with praise, as the classical name for a nation of heroes in days of yore: Græculi, with blame, as the degenerate people, false and unworthy of trust, that existed in the times of the Roman writers. 2. Græcum means what is really Grecian, whether in or out of Greece; but Græcanicus, what is made after the Grecian manner, what is merely à la Grecque. (v. 304.)
Grandævus, see [Vetus].
Grandis, see [Magnus].
Gratia, see [Studium].
Gratias agere, habere, referre; Grates; Gratari; Gratulari. 1. Gratiam or gratias habere means to feel thankful, like χάριν εἰδέναι; whereas gratias agere, to return thanks in words, like εὐχαριστεῖν; lastly, gratiam referre, to show one’s self thankful by deeds, like χάριν φέρειν, ἀντιχαρίζεσθαι. Cic. Marc. ii. 33. Maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus; majores etiam habemus. Off. ii. 20. Inops etiamsi referre gratiam non potest, habere tamen potest. And Fam. v. 11. x. 11. Planc. 28. Balb. 1. Phil. iii. 2. 2. Gratias agere is the usual; grates agere, a select and solemn form of speech. Cic. Somn. Grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque reliqui cœlites. 3. In the same manner gratulari denotes an occasional expression of thanks without oblation, and a congratulation without formality, whereas gratari, a solemn thanksgiving, or congratulation. Liv. vii. 3. Jovis templum gratantes ovantesque adire: comp. with Ter. Heaut. v. 1, 6. Desine deos gratulando obtundere. (ii. 213.)
[Gratus]; Jucundus; Acceptus; Gratiosus. 1. Gratum (from κεχαρῆσθαι) means that which is acceptable only in reference to its value with us, as precious, interesting, and worthy of thanks; but jucundum (from juvare) in reference to the joy which it brings us, as delightful. Cic. Att. iii. 24. Ista veritas etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est. Fam. v. 18. Cujus officia jucundiora scilicet sæpe mihi fuerunt, nunquam gratiora. And v. 15. xiii. 18. 2. Gratus refers to the feeling, as wished for; acceptus, to its expression, as welcome. 3. The gratus alicui meets with no antipathy, but is liked; the gratiosus apud aliquem is the object of distinguished favor, and enthusiastic attachment, as the favorite or darling. (iii. 254.)
Gravidus, see [Prægnans].
Gravitas, see [Moles] and [Severitas].
[Gremium]; Sinus. Gremium is the lap, or surface formed by the knees in a sitting posture, and figuratively the symbol of the fostering care of a mother; whereas sinus, the bosom, between the two breasts, especially in the female sex, and figuratively the symbol of protection and refuge. Cic. Pis. 37. Ætolia procul a barbaris disjuncta gentibus in sinu pacis posita medio fere Græciæ gremio continetur. (vi. 150.)