It was agreed in 1856 that the licence of any ale house was liable to be revoked if a complaint in writing was made by the vice-chancellor to the Justices of the Peace.
[349] Lodging house keepers sign a hard and fast undertaking with the Lodging-house Syndicate. They cannot let to other than members of the university without permission.
[350] The tutor probably made his first appearance at King’s Hall; his office was firmly established by the middle of the xvi c. (later Statutes of Clare College, 1551), and marks the epoch when students other than those on the foundation were also firmly established as college inmates. Before the xviii c., however, the official tutor of to-day was not known; any fellow whom the master designated filled the post. In some colleges the tutor is appointed for life; at Trinity for a term of 10 years.
[351] Like all other items of headgear the derivatives of the hood acquired ceremonial significance. The removable hood of the xiv c., which was slung over the shoulder or attached to the arm, became the capuce of the dignified clergy, of the doctors in the 3 faculties, rectors of colleges, and others in authority. It is preserved to-day in the pellegrino of the Roman Church. The hood itself appears to have gained this ceremonial importance in the xv c.; and it is in the middle of that century that the hood as head-gear disappears, and is replaced by the various caps and bonnets which were formed from it.
[352] The amess was a capuce of fur.
[353] Statutes of Peterhouse 1338-1342. The same is prescribed for the junior students of King’s Hall (temp. Richard II.). Precisely the same regulations—for the tonsure and vestis talaris—were made for the scholar at the university of Paris.
[354] This accorded with the custom at Bologna and at Salamanca (xiv c.)—una capa scolastica ... foderata sufficienter pellibus pecudis. At Salamanca each scholar received annually one cappa lined with sheepskin, and one unlined, and a lined hood.
[355] The object of most of the rules regarding scholars’ dress seems to have been to enforce sumptuary restrictions, and impose something clerical and sober in appearance—decenter et honeste are the words used in the statutes of King’s Hall. The same is true of similar regulations in Italian universities.
[356] The cappa (with a hood?) probably constituted the speciem scholasticam which pseudo-scholars in the town were forbidden to imitate. (Statuta Antiqua, statute 42.)
[357] An order of the time of Henry V. (documents Nos. 90, 91 in the Registry) requires the Cambridge bachelors to dress like those at Oxford; which probably referred to the black capuce or hood of the Oxford bachelor?