And to-day, there are still gaps in the most modern maps of Africa, where one-eleventh of the whole area remains unexplored. Further, in Asia the problem of the Brahmaputra Falls is yet unsolved; there are shores untrodden and rivers unsurveyed.

"God hath given us some things, and not all things, that our successors also might have somewhat to do," wrote Barents in the sixteenth century. There may not be much left, but with the words of Kipling's Explorer we may fitly conclude—

"Something hidden. Go and find it. Go and look behind the Ranges—
Something lost behind the Ranges. Lost and waiting for you. Go!"

Thanks are due to Mr. S. G. Stubbs for valuable assistance in the selection and preparation of the illustrations, which, with few exceptions, have been executed under his directions.

CONTENTS

CHAP.
I.[A LITTLE OLD WORLD]
II.[EARLY MARINERS]
III.[IS THE WORLD FLAT?]
IV.[HERODOTUS—THE TRAVELLER]
V.[ALEXANDER THE GREAT EXPLORES INDIA]
VI.[PYTHEAS FINDS THE BRITISH ISLES]
VII.[JULIUS CÆSAR AS EXPLORER]
VIII.[STRABO'S GEOGRAPHY]
IX.[THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY]
X.[PTOLEMY'S MAPS]
XI.[PILGRIM TRAVELLERS]
XII.[IRISH EXPLORERS]
XIII.[AFTER MOHAMMED]
XIV.[THE VIKINGS SAIL THE NORTHERN SEAS]
XV.[ARAB WAYFARERS]
XVI.[TRAVELLERS TO THE EAST]
XVII.[MARCO POLO]
XVIII.[THE END OF MEDIÆVAL EXPLORATION]
XIX.[MEDIÆVAL MAPS]
XX.[PRINCE HENRY OF PORTUGAL]
XXI.[BARTHOLOMEW DIAZ REACHES THE STORMY CAPE]
XXII.[CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS]
XXIII.[A GREAT NEW WORLD]
XXIV.[VASCO DA GAMA REACHES INDIA]
XXV.[DISCOVERY OF THE SPICE ISLANDS]
XXVI.[BALBOA SEES THE PACIFIC OCEAN]
XXVII.[MAGELLAN SAILS ROUND THE WORLD]
XXVIII.[CORTES EXPLORES AND CONQUERS MEXICO]
XXIX.[EXPLORERS IN SOUTH AMERICA]
XXX.[CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND]
XXXI.[JACQUES CARTIER EXPLORES CANADA]
XXXII.[SEARCH FOR A NORTH-EAST PASSAGE]
XXXIII.[MARTIN FROBISHER SEARCHES FOR A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE]
XXXIV.[DRAKE'S FAMOUS VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD]
XXXV.[DAVIS STRAIT]
XXXVI.[BARENTS SAILS TO SPITZBERGEN]
XXXVII.[HUDSON FINDS HIS BAY]
XXXVIII.[BAFFIN FINDS HIS BAY]
XXXIX.[SIR WALTER RALEIGH SEARCHES FOR EL DORADO]
XL.[CHAMPLAIN DISCOVERS LAKE ONTARIO]
XLI.[EARLY DISCOVERERS OF AUSTRALIA]
XLII.[TASMAN FINDS TASMANIA]
XLIII.[DAMPIER DISCOVERS HIS STRAIT]
XLIV.[BEHRING FINDS HIS STRAIT]
XLV.[COOK DISCOVERS NEW ZEALAND]
XLVI.[COOK'S THIRD VOYAGE AND DEATH]
XLVII.[BRUCE'S TRAVELS IN ABYSSINIA]
XLVIII.[MUNGO PARK AND THE NIGER]
XLIX.[VANCOUVER DISCOVERS HIS ISLAND]
L.[MACKENZIE AND HIS RIVER]
LI.[PARRY DISCOVERS LANCASTER SOUND]
LII.[THE FROZEN NORTH]
LIII.[FRANKLIN'S LAND JOURNEY TO THE NORTH]
LIV.[PARRY'S POLAR VOYAGE]
LV.[THE SEARCH FOR TIMBUKTU]
LVI.[RICHARD AND JOHN LANDER DISCOVER THE MOUTH OF THE NIGER]
LVII.[ROSS DISCOVERS THE NORTH MAGNETIC POLE]
LVIII.[FLINDERS NAMES AUSTRALIA]
LIX.[STURT'S DISCOVERIES IN AUSTRALIA]
LX.[ROSS MAKES DISCOVERIES IN THE ANTARCTIC SEAS]
LXI.[FRANKLIN DISCOVERS THE NORTH-WEST PASSAGE]
LXII.[DAVID LIVINGSTONE]
LXIII.[BURTON AND SPEKE IN CENTRAL AFRICA]
LXIV.[LIVINGSTONE TRACES LAKE SHIRWA AND NYASSA]
LXV.[EXPEDITION TO VICTORIA NYANZA]
LXVI.[BAKER FINDS ALBERT NYANZA]
LXVII.[LIVINGSTONE'S LAST JOURNEY]
LXVIII.[THROUGH THE DARK CONTINENT]
LXIX.[NORDENSKIÖLD ACCOMPLISHES THE NORTH-EAST PASSAGE]
LXX.[THE EXPLORATION OF TIBET]
LXXI.[NANSEN REACHES FARTHEST NORTH]
LXXII.[PEARY REACHES THE NORTH POLE]
LXXIII.[THE QUEST FOR THE SOUTH POLE]
[DATES OF CHIEF EVENTS]
[INDEX]

COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS

[Ptolemy's Map of the World about A.D. 150]
Taken from the first printed edition of 1472 and the Rome edition of 1508.
[The Polos leaving Venice for their Travels to the Far East]
From a Miniature at the head of a late 14th century MS. of the Travels of Marco Polo, in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
[The Hereford Mappa Mundi of 1280]
The original, made by RICHARD DE HALDINGHAM, Prebendary of Hereford, hangs in the Chapter House Library, Hereford Cathedral.
[Map of the World drawn in 1500, the first to show America]
By JUAN DE LA COSA.
[The Dauphin Map of the World]
Made by PIERRE DESCELLIERS 1546, by order of Francis I. for the Dauphin (Henri II.) of France.
[Barents's Ship among the Arctic Ice]
From a coloured woodcut in Barents's Three Voyages (De Veer), published in 1598.
[Ross's Winter Quarters in Felix Harbour]
[The First Communication With Eskimos at Boothia Felix, 1830]
From Drawings by ROSS in the Narrative of his Expedition to the North Magnetic Pole, A Second Voyage in Search of a North-West Passage, 1829-33.
[Shackleton's Ship, the Nimrod, among the Ice in McMurdo Sound]
From The Heart of the Antarctic (published by Heinemann), by kind permission of Sir ERNEST SHACKLETON.

BLACK & WHITE ILLUSTRATIONS

[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Homer]
[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Ptolemy]
[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the end of the 13th century]
[The Best Portrait of Columbus]
From the original Painting by an unknown artist in the Naval Museum, Madrid.
[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Columbus]
[Amerigo Vespucci]
From the Sculpture by GRAZZINI at the Uffizi Gallery, Florence.
[Ferdinand Magellan, the first Circumnavigator]
From the Engraving by FERDINAND SELMA.
[Sir Francis Drake, the first Englishman to sail round the World]
After the Engraving attributed to HONDIUS.
[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Drake]
[Karakakova Bay, where Captain Cook was murdered]
From the Engraving in the Atlas to COOK'S Voyages.
[The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Cook]
Mungo Park
From the Engraving in PARK'S Travels into the Interior of Africa, 1799.
[Transcriber's note: This illustration has been lost.]
[Search for a North-West Passage: Parry's Ships cutting through the Ice into Winter Harbour, 1819]
From a Drawing by WILLIAM WESTALL, A.R.A., of a Sketch by Lieut. BEECHEY, a member of the expedition. From PARRY'S Journal of a Voyage for the Discovery of the North-West Passage.
[Lhasa and the Potala]
From a Photograph by a member of Younghusband's Expedition to Thibet.
[At the North Pole]
From the Photograph in Admiral PEARY'S book The North Pole.
[Captain Roald Amundsen taking Sights at the South Pole]
From a Photograph.