Brooklyn, N. Y., April, 1872.

CONTENTS.

PAGE
[INTRODUCTION.]
Sources of History.[9.]
Dispersion of Races; Periods and Divisions of History.[10.]
Auxiliary Sciences: Chronology and Geography.[11.]
[BOOK I.]
Asiatic and African Nations, from the Dispersion at Babel to the Rise of the Persian Empire.
[Part I.—The Asiatic Nations.]
View of the Geography of Asia.[13.]
History of the Chaldæan Monarchy.[17.]
The Assyrian Monarchy.[18.]
The Median Monarchy.[22.]
The Babylonian Monarchy.[24.]
Kingdoms of Asia Minor.[29.]
Phœnicia.[30.]
Syria.[33.]
Judæa.[34.]
(a) Theocracy.[35.]
(b) United Monarchy.[36.]
(c) The Kingdom of Israel.[39.]
(d) The Kingdom of Judah.[42.]
[Part II.—The African Nations.]
Geographical Outline of Africa.[48.]
History of Egypt.[50.]
(a) The Old Empire.[51.]
(b) The Shepherd Kings.[53.]
(c) The New Empire.[55.]
Religion and Ranks in Egypt.[61.]
History of Carthage.[66.]
[BOOK II.]
The Persian Empire, from the Rise of Cyrus to the Fall of Darius.
Career of Cyrus.[73.]
Reign of Cambyses.[76.]
Organization of the Empire by Darius I.[79.]
Invasions of Europe under Darius.[83.]
The Behistûn Inscription.[87.]
Invasion of Greece by Xerxes.[88.]
Reign of Artaxerxes I. (Longimanus)[92.]
Xerxes II.[94.]
Sogdianus; Darius II.[95.]
Artaxerxes II. (Mnemon).[96.]
Artaxerxes III.; Arses.[98.]
Darius III. (Codomannus).[99.]
[BOOK III.]
Grecian States and Colonies, from their Earliest Period to the Accession of Alexander the Great.
Geographical Outline of Greece.[105.]
History of Greece.[107.]
First Period.
Traditional and Fabulous History, from the Earliest Times to the Dorian Migrations.[107.]
Greek Religion.[110.]
Second Period.
Authentic History, from the Dorian Conquest of the Peloponnesus to the Persian Wars.[116.]
Sparta.[118.]
Athens.[124.]
Grecian Colonies.[130.]
Third Period.
From the Beginning of the Persian Wars to the Macedonian Supremacy.[134.]
Invasions by Mardonius and Datis.[134.]
The Battle of Marathon.[135.]
Invasion by Xerxes; Battle of Thermopylæ.[138,] [139.]
Battle of Salamis, and Retreat of Xerxes.[141.]
Battles of Platæa and Mycale.[144.]
Hellenic League, and Greatness of Athens.[145.]
The Peloponnesian War.[161.]
The Sicilian Expedition.[169.]
Decline of Athens.[175.]
Battle of Ægos-Potami, and Fall of Athens.[179.]
Spartan Supremacy. The Thirty Tyrants.[181.]
The Corinthian War.[184.]
Peace of Antalcidas.[187.]
Theban Supremacy.[188.]
Theban Invasions of the Peloponnesus.[192-195.]
The Social War.[195.]
The Sacred War.[196.]
Battle of Chæronea. Supremacy of Philip of Macedon.[197.]
[BOOK IV.]
History of the Macedonian Empire, and the Kingdoms formed from it, until their Conquest by the Romans.
First Period.
From the Rise of the Monarchy to the Death of Alexander the Great.[201.]
Second Period.
From the Death of Alexander to the Battle of Ipsus.[206.]
Third Period.
History of the Several Kingdoms into which Alexander’s Empire was Divided.[209.]
Syrian Kingdom of the Seleucidæ.[209.]
Egypt under the Ptolemies.[216.]
Macedonia and Greece.[222.]
Thrace; Pergamus.[230.]
Bithynia.[231.]
Pontus.[232.]
Cappadocia; Armenia.[234.]
Bactria; Parthia.[235.]
Judæa, under Egypt and Syria.[237.]
Under the Maccabees.[238.]
Under the Herods.[240.]
[BOOK V.]
History of Rome, from the Earliest Times to the Fall of the Western Empire.
Geographical Sketch of Italy.[245.]
I. History of the Roman Kingdom.[248.]
Religion of Rome.[255.]
II. History of the Roman Republic.[260.]
First Period. Growth of the Constitution.[260.]
Laws of the Twelve Tables.[265.]
Capture of Rome by the Gauls.[269.]
Second Period. Wars for the Possession of Italy.[274.]
First Samnite War.[274.]
Latin War, and Battle of Vesuvius.[275.]
Second Samnite War.[276.]
Third War with Samnites and the Italian League.[278.]
War with Pyrrhus, King of Epirus.[279.]
Colonies and Roads.[282.]
Third Period. Foreign Wars.[283.]
First Punic War.[284.]
War with the Gauls.[286.]
Second Punic War, and Invasion of Italy by Hannibal.[287.]
Battles of the Trebia, Lake Thrasymene, Cannæ.[288,] [289.]
Wars with Antiochus the Great; with Spain, Liguria, Corsica, Sardinia, and Macedon.[293.]
Third Punic War.[294.]
Subjugation of the Spanish Peninsula.[295.]
Fourth Period. Internal Commotions and Civil Wars.[296.]
Reforms Proposed by the Gracchi.[297.]
Jugurthine Wars, and Rise of Marius.[299.]
Defeat of the Teutones and Cimbri.[302.]
Servile Wars in Sicily.[303.]
The Social War.[304.]
Exile and Seventh Consulship of Marius.[305.]
Dictatorship of Sulla.[306.]
Sertorius in Spain.[307.]
War of the Gladiators.[308.]
Extraordinary Power of Pompey.[311.]
Conspiracy of Catiline.[312.]
Triumvirate of Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus.[314.]
Conquests of Cæsar in Gaul, Britain, and Germany.[315.]
Civil War; Pompey defeated at Pharsalia.[319.]
Cæsar Victor at Thapsus, and Master of Rome.[321.]
Murder of Cæsar in the Senate-house.[323.]
Triumvirate of Antony, Cæsar Octavianus, and Lepidus.[324.]
Antony defeated at Actium; Octavianus becomes Augustus.[325.]
III. History of the Roman Empire.[326.]
First Period.
Reigns of Augustus, [326]; Tiberius, [328]; Caligula, Claudius, [330]; Nero, [331]; Galba, Otho, Vitellius, [333]; Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, [334]; Nerva, Trajan, [335]; Hadrian, T. Antoninus Pius, M. Aurelius Antoninus, [336]; Commodus, [337].
Second Period.
Reigns of Pertinax, Didius Julianus, [338]; Severus, Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus, [339]; Alexander Severus, [340]; Maximin, the Gordians, Pupienus and Balbinus, Gordian the Younger, Philip, Decius, [341]; Gallus, Æmilian, Valerian, Gallienus and the “Thirty Tyrants,” [342]; Aurelian, Tacitus, Florian, [343]; Probus, Carus, Numerian, Carinus, [344].
Third Period.
Reigns of Diocletian and Maximian with two Cæsars, [345]; of Constantine, Maximian, and Maxentius in the West—Galerius, Maximin, and Licinius in the East, [348]; of Constantine alone, and the Reörganization of the Empire, [349]; of Constantine II., Constans, and Constantius II., [350]; of Julian, Jovian, and Valentinian I., [352]; of Valens, [353]; of Gratian, Valentinian II., and Theodosius I., [354].
Fourth Period.
Final Separation of the Eastern and Western Empires.[356.]
Reigns, in the West, of Honorius, [356]; of Valentinian III., [358]; of Maximus, [359]; of Avitus, Marjorian, Libius Severus, Anthemius, Olybrius, Glycerius, and Julius Nepos, [360]; of Romulus Augustulus, [361].
MAPS.
I. The World as known to the Assyrians.facing [17.]
II. Empire of the Persians.” [97.]
III. Ancient Greece and the Ægean Sea.” [113.]
IV. Empire of the Macedonians.” [209.]
V. Italy, with the Eleven Regions of Augustus.” [257.]
VI. The Roman Empire.” [305.]

INTRODUCTION.

SOURCES AND DIVISIONS OF HISTORY.

1. The former inhabitants of our world are known to us by three kinds of evidence: (1) Written Records; (2) Architectural Monuments; (3) Fragmentary Remains.