By the Re-establishment of the Part in its natural State; by its being free from Pain; by its regular Motion; and by its conformity to the opposite Part which is found.
What Dislocations of Parts are most difficult to be reduc'd?
They are those of the Thighs with the Huckle-Bones, which are almost never perfectly set; that of the first Vertebra's is extremely difficult to be reduc'd; and those of the Lower-Jaw and Soles of the Feet are mortal.
The reducing of Dislocations is perform'd with greater facility in Infants than in Persons advanc'd in Years; but it becomes most difficult when it is deferr'd for many Days, by reason of the overflowing of the Lympha and nutritious Juice.
If an Inflammation shou'd happen before the Member is reduc'd, nothing can be done till it be allay'd, as we have already intimated; but to prevent and mitigate it, the dislocated Joynt, and the neighbouring Parts, may be bath'd with luke-warm Wine, in which hath been boil'd the Tops of St. John's-Wort, Camomile, Rosemary, Stœcas Arabica, and other Ingredients of the like Nature; the Bands must be also steept in the same Liquor.
If an Oedematous Tumour arise in the luxated Member after the Joint hath been set, it is requisite to take internal Sudorificks, and to apply Liniments made with the destill'd Oil of Tartar, and of Human Bones, which may be rectify'd with burnt Hart's Horn, or some other part of Animals, to take away its stink: Or else take yellow-Wax, and very white Rosin,
melt the whole Mass, and put into it white Amber and Gum Elemi, a sufficient quantity of each to make a Composition to be incorporated with Balsam of Peru; a Plaister of which may be prepar'd, and apply'd to the dislocated Member; but the Plaister must not be laid a cross, lest it shou'd contract the Part too much. The whole Member may be also anointed with Oil of St. John's-Wort, or with the destill'd Oil of Turpentine; or rather with a simple Decoction of Nervous Plants in Wine.
If the Bone be put out of its place by a coagulated sort of Matter like Mortar or Plaister, Resolutives and Attenuants are to be us'd, such as the volatile Spirit of Tartar prepar'd with the Lees of Wine, volatile Spirit of Tartar destill'd with Nitre in a Retort with a long Neck, or Spirit of Tartar prepar'd by Fermentation with Tartar, and its proper Alkali: This last is the best of all, and the use thereof ought to be continu'd. The volatile Salt of Human Bones is also very efficacious; but it is necessary to begin first with the taking of Laxative and Sudorifick Medicines, appropriated according to the respective Circumstances. The Spirit of Earth-Worms may be also apply'd outwardly, which is made by Fermentation, and may be often laid on the Part either alone, or with the Spirit of Sal Ammoniack.
If a dislocated Bone be not set in good time, a Coagulum or kind of curdled Substance is form'd in the Cavity, which hinders the reducing of it to its place; but this Coagulum may be dissolv'd with the following Medicament, before you attempt to set the Bone. Take one
part of the destill'd Oil of Human Bones, two parts of fœtid Oil of Tartar; mingle the whole, and add quick Lime to be destill'd in a Retort: Let the Parts be fomented with this Oil.