The four Lumbrical Muscles of the Toes arise from the Tendons of the Profundus, and a Mass of Flesh at the Sole of the Feet. They are joyn'd by their Tendons with those of the Interossei Interni, and adhere inwardly to the side of the first Bones of the four Toes, to incline them toward the great Toe.
The Abductors, or those Muscles that remove the Toes from the great Toe, are the eight Interossei, whereof four are call'd Externi, and as many Interni. The former take their rise in the Spaces between the Bones of the Metatarsus, and are terminated outwardly in the side of the first Bones of the Toes. The Internal lie in the bottom of the Foot, and take up the Spaces between the five Bones of the Metatarsus. They arise from the Bones of the Tarsus, and the Intervals between those of the Metatarsus, and are implanted with the four Lumbricales inwardly, in the upper-part of the Bones of the first Phalanx of the four Toes.
Of the six Proper Muscles of the Toes, there are four appointed for the great Toe, which cause it to perform the Motions of Flexion,
Extension, and drawing forward or backward. The two others are the Adductor of the second Toe to the great Toe, and the Abductor of the little Toe, call'd Hypothenar.
The Proper Flexor of the great Toe, arises from the top of the Perone or Fibula, on the back part, passeth thro' the Ancle-Bone on the inside to the sole of the Foot, and is fasten'd to the Bone of the last Phalanx.
The Proper Extensor of the great Toe springs from the middle of the fore-part of the Perone, passeth over the Foot, and hath its Insertion in the upper-part of the Bone of the great Toe.
The Proper Adductor of the great Toe, or the Thenar, taking its rise inwardly on the side of the Talus, the Ossa Schaphoidea and Innominata, extends it self over the outward-part of the Bone of the Metatarsus, which stayeth the great Toe, and adheres to the top of the second Bone of the great Toe, which it draws inward.
The proper Abductor of the great Toe, or the Antithenar, draws it toward the other Toes. It derives its Origine from the Bone of the Metatarsus, which supports the little Toe, slides obliquely over the other Bones, and cleaves to the first Bone of the great Toe on the inside.
The Adductor appropriated to the second Toe hath its Source in the first Bone of the great Toe, on the inside, and sticks close to the Bones of the second Toe, which it draws to the great Toe.