[494] State Papers, Dom. Mary, x, 1, 2.
[496] Hakluyt, Voyages, iii, 20, ed. 1885.
[497] Pipe Office Accounts, 2591.
[498] State Papers Dom., Mary, xiii, 64.
[499] With the exception of the galley establishments at Seville and Barcelona there were no royal dockyards in Spain. There was no difference made, in building, between merchantmen and men-of-war, and in 1584 Martin de Recalde petitioned to be allowed to fly the royal standard because without it his fleet would be taken for merchantmen. In return for the large bounty given and the advances made to builders the crown seized their vessels on every occasion and for every purpose where, in England, the royal ships would have been employed. The system was the same as that by which Edward III had destroyed English shipping. In 1601 the Duke of Medina Sidonia wrote plainly that the remedy for the impoverishment fallen on Spanish shipowners was ‘that the King should build the vessels he required and not take them from private individuals, ruining them.’ In the fleet of the Marquis of Santa Cruz at Terceira in 1583 only three belonged to the crown, and in the Armada only twenty-five. Sometimes contracts were made with admirals who undertook to serve with a certain number of ships, and at other times with towns who engaged to supply them. There was no Admiralty as in England. There had been an Admiral of Castile from the beginning of the thirteenth century, but the civil portion of his duties was confined to the headship of the courts of law deputed to hear maritime causes. If a fleet or squadron was to be equipped officials, who may or may not have had previous experience, were temporarily entrusted with the duty at the various ports and their functions ceased with the completion of their work (Fernandez Duro, La Armada Invencible; Disquisiciones Nauticas, Lib. V.; Hist. de la Marina).
[500] Lives of the Devereux I, 375.
[501] No information available.
[502] The whole navy except the Popinjay in Ireland. And in this year, as in many others, the same vessel was sometimes in commission more than once. This was especially the case with the fourth- fifth- and sixth-rates and is an unavoidable source of error.
[503] State Papers, Dom. Eliz., 20th February 1558-9.