Page xix : line 22. Immutability of somatological or bodily characters. Charles B. Davenport, pp. 225 seq. and 252 seq.: William E. Castle, 1, pp. 125 seq.; Frederick Adams Woods, 3, p. 107; and Edwin G. Conklin, 1, pp. 191 seq. See the note to p. 226, 7 for a quotation from Conklin bearing on this point.
xix : 23. Immutability of psychical predispositions and impulses. See note above. Professor Irving Fisher said, on p. 627 of National Vitality, speaking of laws relating to eugenics: “What such laws might accomplish may be judged from the history of two criminal families, the ‘Jukes’ and the ‘Tribe of Ishmael.’ Out of 1,200 descendants from the founder of the ‘Jukes’ through 75 years, 310 were professional paupers ... 50 were prostitutes, 7 murderers, 60 habitual thieves, and 130 common criminals.” Certainly these facts were not all due entirely to identity or similarity of environment. On p. 675 we read: “Similarly, the ‘Tribe of Ishmael,’ numbering 1,692 individuals in six generations, has produced 121 known prostitutes and has bred hundreds of petty thieves, vagrants and murderers. The history of the tribe is a swiftly moving picture of social degeneration and gross parasitism extending from its seventeenth century convict ancestry to the present day horde of wandering and criminal descendants.” See R. L. Dugdale and Oscar C. McCulloch, pp. 154–159. For transmission of opposite tendencies see pp. 675–676, Fisher. The Jukes were a family of Dutch descent, living in an isolated valley in the mountains of northern New York. The Ishmaels were a family of central Indiana which came from Maryland through Kentucky. The Kalikak family is another striking instance. See also Davenport, 1, and the note to p. 226: 7.
xxi : 5. Professor Charles B. Davenport says in correspondence: “By the way, it was Judge John Lowell who added ‘free and’ to the words of the Declaration in writing the Constitution of Massachusetts in the latter part of the eighteenth century.”
xxiii : 20–25. A Statistical Account of the British Empire. J. R. McCulloch, vol. I, pp. 400 seq.
CHAPTER I. RACE AND DEMOCRACY
4 : 6. Archbishop Ussher, 1581–1656. See the New Schaff-Herzog Religious Encyclopedia; also other religious encyclopedias. Taylor, Origin of the Aryans, p. 8.
5 : 15. See Émile Faguet, Le Culte de l’Incompétence.
6 : 3. Cf. The Loyalists of Massachusetts, by James H. Stark.
9 : 7. A good description of conditions is to be found in Bryce’s The Remarkable History of the Hudson’s Bay Company, p. 73, all of chapter XLII and elsewhere.
10 : 3 seq. Charles B. Davenport, passim, has discussed migratory instincts, see especially 1.