GREECE SUBSEQUENT TO THE ROMAN CONQUEST.
- Greece under the Romans.
- The Revolt.—FINLAY.
Christianity in Greece.—FELTON. - Changes down to the Fourteenth Century.
- Courts of the Crusading
Chieftains.—EDINBURGH REVIEW.
The Duchy of Athens.—FELTON.
The Turkish Invasion.—Hemans. - Contests between the Turks and Venetians.
- Past and Present of the
Acropolis of Athens.
The Siege and Fall of Corinth.—Byron. - Final Conquest of Greece by Turkey.
- Turkish
Oppressions.—TENNENT.
The Slavery of Greece.—Canning: Byron.
First Steps to Secure Liberty.—The Klephts.—FELTON.
Greek War-Songs.—Rhigas: Polyzois. - The Greek Revolution.
- A Prophetic Vision of the
Struggle.—Shelley's "Hellas".
Song of the Greeks.—Campbell.
American Sympathy with Greece.—TUCKERMAN: WEBSTER.
The Sortie at Missolon'ghi.—WARBURTON.
A Visit to Missolonghi.—STEPHENS.
Marco Bozzar'is.—Halleck.
Battle of Navari'no.—Campbell. - Greece under a Constitutional Monarchy.
- Revolution against King Otho.—BENJAMIN.
The Deposition of King Otho: Greece under his Rule. —TUCKERMAN: BRITISH QUARTERLY.
Accession of King George.—His Government.—TUCKERMAN.
Progress in Modern Greece.—COOK.
CHAPTER I.
GENERAL VIEW OF THE GRECIAN STATES AND ISLANDS.
The country called HELLAS by the Helle'nes, its native inhabitants, and known to us by the name of Greece, forms the southern part of the most easterly of the three great peninsulas of Southern Europe, extending into the Mediterranean between the Æge'an Sea, or Grecian Archipelago, on the east, and the Ionian Sea on the west. The whole area of this country, so renowned in history, is only about twenty thousand square miles; which is considerably less than that of Portugal, and less than half that of the State of Pennsylvania.
The mainland of ancient Greece was naturally divided into Northern Greece, which embraced Thessaly and Epi'rus; Central Greece, comprising the divisions of Acarna'nia, Æto'lia, Lo'cris, Do'ris, Pho'cis, Breo'tia, and At'tica (the latter forming the eastern extremity of the whole peninsula); and Southern Greece, which the ancients called Pel-o-pon-ne'sus, or the Island of Pe'lops, which would be an island were it not for the narrow Isthmus of Corinth, which connects it on the north with Central Greece. Its modern name, the Mo-re'a, was bestowed upon it from its resemblance to the leaf of the mulberry. The chief political divisions of Peloponnesus were Corinth and Acha'ia on the north, Ar'golis on the east, Laco'nia and Messe'nia at the southern extremity of the peninsula, E'lis on the west, and the central region of Arca'dia.
Greece proper is separated from Macedonia on the north by the Ceraunian and Cambunian chain of mountains, extending in irregular outline from the Ionian Sea on the west to the Therma'ic Gulf on the east, terminating, on the eastern coast, in the lofty summit of Mount Olympus, the fabled residence of the gods, where, in the early dawn of history, Jupiter (called "the father of gods and men") was said to hold his court, and where he reigned supreme over heaven and earth. Olympus rises abruptly, in colossal magnificence, to a height of more than six thousand feet, lifting its snowy head far above the belt of clouds that nearly always hangs upon the sides of the mountain.