The Travels of Marco Polo — Volume 1 - Marco Polo; da Pisa Rusticiano

[1] On the walls of this archway is engraved the inscription in six characters, of which a representation accompanies ch. xv. of Prologue, note 1.

INDEX

Transcriber’s Note:

Numbers in italics refer to Prefatory Material in volume I
‘i.’ and ‘ii.’ indicate volume referred to
‘n’ indicates item is in Notes on that page
Index has been duplicated from volume II to volume I
Only links for this volume are enabled

Aás, Asu, see [Alans]
Abacan, a Tartar general, ii. 255, 261n, 596n
Ábah, see [Ávah]
Abaji, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Ábáḳa (Abaga), Khan of Persia, i. [33n], [36n], [91n], [103n], ii. 465–467, 474, 475, 477n, 495n
Abano, Pietro of, his notice of Polo, [119]
Abash (Habsh), see [Abyssinia]
Abba Gregory, ii. 433n
Abbás, Sháh, i. [90n]
Abbott, Consul Keith E., i. [81n], [82n], [89n], [92n], [96n], [99n], [106n], [111n], [113n], [114n], [125n]
Abdul Kuri islands, ii. 405n
—— Mejid, i. [175n]
Abeskun (Baxon), on the Caspian, i. [59n]
Abher, i. [38n], [82n]
Abkashian forests, boxwood of the, i. [57n]
Abnús, ebony, ii. 272n
Abraha, ruler of Yemen, ii. 434n
Abraiaman, see [Brahmans]
Abubakr, Atabeg of Fars, i. [85n], ii. 348n
—— Ibrahim, and Mahomed, engineers employed by Kúblái, ii. 168n
Abu’l Abbas Ahmed VII., Khalif of Baghdad, i. [69n]
—— Fázl, i. [103n], [168n], [169n], ii. 367, 374n
Abulfeda, his geography, [4], i. [3n], [6n], [9n], [53n], [57n], [58n], [75n], [81n], [110n], [385n], ii. 237n, 286n, 367n, 377n, 486n, 489n;
at the siege of Acre, 165n
Abulfiez Khan, king of Bokhara, i. [88n]
Abu Nasr Mohammed IX., Khalif of Baghdad, i. [69n]
—— Saïd, i. [86n], ii. 347n
Abyssinia (Abash), ii. 427 seqq., 431n;
its king’s punishment of Soldan of Aden, 428–430;
dominion on the coast, mediæval history and chronology, 434n–437n;
table of kings, 435n;
wars with Mahomedan states, 436n
Acbalec Manzi, “White City of the Manzi frontier,” ii. 33, 34n, 35n
Acbalec or Acbaluc (Cheng-ting fu), ii. 13, 14n
Accambale, king of Champa, ii. 267, 270n
Achan, i. [66n]
Achin, Acheh, Achem, ii. 283n, 286n, 295n, 296n, 300n, 303n, 305n, 307n;
its gold and lign-aloes, 287n;
conversion of, 288n;
its great power at one time, 289n;
elephants at, 289n
—— Head, ii. 300n, 307n
Achmath, the Bailo, see [Ahmad]
Acomat Soldan (Ahmad Sultan), seizes throne of Tabriz, ii. 467;
goes to encounter Argon, 468;
rejects his remonstrance, 469;
defeats and takes him, 470;
hears of Argon’s escape, is taken and put to death, 473;
notes on the history, 470n, 474n
Acorn bread, i. [122n]
Acqui, Friar Jacopo d’, his notice of Polo, [54], [67], [119]
Acre, i. [17], [22];
Broils at, between Venetians and Genoese, [42];
plan of, [18n];
captured by Saracens, ii. 165n, 441n;
wickedness of, 442n;
Polos at, 593n
Adam, Bishop and Pope of China, ii. 28n
—— Seth, and the Tree of Life, legend of, i. [135n]
Adamodana, Castle of, i. [58n]
Adam’s Apple, i. [99n]
—— sepulchre on mountain (Adam’s Peak) in Ceylon, ii. 316, 328n;
rubies, 316n;
his teeth, hair, etc., 319–320;
the footmark, 321n–322n
Adel, apparently confused with Aden, ii. 433n, 435n, 440n
Aden, Horse and other Trade with India, ii. 340, 348n, 390, 407, 427, 431, 438;
Soldan’s treatment of a bishop, 428;
Vengeance of King of Abyssinia on him, 430;
confused with Adel, 433n;
account of Kingdom, 438, 439n–440n;
the Sultan, 438–439, 440n;
intercourse and trade with China, tanks, 440n;
view of, 441
Adoration of the Emperor, i. [391]
Adulis, ii. 432n;
inscription of, 434n
Aegae, Ayas on the site of ancient, i. [16n]
Aepyornis and its eggs, ii. 416n–417n
Aëtius, his prescription of musk, i. [279n], ii. 302n;
of camphor, 302n
Afghans, their use of the fat-tailed sheep, i. [100n]
Africa, Sea surrounding to the South, ii. 415n
Agassiz, Professor, i. [100n]
Agathocles, Coins of, i. [163n]
Ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος, island, ii. 310n
Agha Ali Sháh, present representative of the Old Man of the Mountain, i. [148n]
—— Khan Meheláti, late representative of the Old Man, i. [147n]
Aghrukji or Ukuruji, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Agricola, Governor of Cappadocia, etc., i. [45n]
Aguil, Mongol general, ii. 136, 138n
Ahmad (Achmath), the Bailo, of Fenaket, his power, oppressions, death, etc., i. [415] seqq., [421n]
—— Sultan, Khan of Persia, see [Acomat]
Ahwaz, province, i. [65n]
Aidhab, ii. 439n
Aidhej, or Mal-Amir, i. [85n]
Aijaruc, Kaidu’s daughter, ii. 463;
her strength and prowess, 463 seqq.;
her name, 463
Aikah Nowin, Engineer in Chief of Chinghiz, ii. 168n
Ai-lao (afterwards Nan-chao), ancient name of the Shans, ii. 79n
Aín Akbari (Ayeen Akbery), i. [65n], [99n], [101n], [103n], [409n], ii. 116n
Ajmir, ii. 426n
Akbar and Kúblái, a parallel, i. [349n]
Ak Bulák salt mines, i. [154n]
Akhaltziké (Western Georgia), i. [58n]
Akhtuba River, i. [5n], [6n]
Ak-khoja, ii. 470n
Aksarai, or Ghori River, i. [152n]
Aksu River, i. [172n], [175n]
Aktár, i. [96n]
Áktásh Valley, i. [172n], [175n]
Alabastri, ii. 432n
Alacou, see [Hulákú]
Aladja, striped cotton cloth, i. [44n]
Alamút, Castle of the Ismailites, i. [141n], [142n], [145n], [148n]
Alan country, Alania, i. [57n], ii. 490, 491n
Alans, or Aas, massacre at Chang-chau of, ii. 178;
employed under Mongols, 179n
Alaone, the name, [56]
Alarm Tower, at Cambaluc, i. [375], [378n];
at Kinsay, ii. 189
Alatcha, cotton stuff with blue and red stripes, i. [190n]
Alau, see [Hulákú]
Alá’uddin (Alaodin), see [Old Man of the Mountain]
—— (Alawating of Mufali), an engineer in Kúblái’s service, ii. 167n
—— Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, i. [104n], ii. 163n, 169n, 333n, 398n, 400n
Albenigaras, Mt., ii. 362n
Al Biruni, i. [104n], [174n], ii. 400n
Albuquerque, see [D’Alboquerque]
Alchemy, Kúblái’s, i. [423]
Aleppo, i. [23n]
Alexander the Great, allusions to legends and romances about, [113], i. [14n], [129n–133n], ii. 322n, 485n;
his rampart (Iron Gate), i. [50], [53n], [56n], [57n];
the curtains at a banquet given by, [66n];
and the ferrum candidum, [93n];
site of his battle with Darius, [128], [138n];
his wife Roxana, [151];
kills a lion, [152n];
Princes claiming descent from (Zulcarniain), [157], [160n];
his horse Bucephalus, [158];
fixes chains on Adam’s Peak, ii. 322n;
said to have colonised Socotra, 409n;
his tower on the border of Darkness, 485n
Alexander III., Pope, i. [231n]
Alexander IV., Pope, i. [8n]
Alexandria, [9], ii. 235;
trade from India to, 390, 438
Alhinde, Alfinde, Alinde, Al-hint, i. [93n]
’Ali and Aliites, i. [140n–141n]
Alidada, i. [452n]
Alihaiya, Kúblái’s general, ii. 167n
Alinak, ii. 474n
Alligator, in Carajan, ii. 76, 81n;
mode of killing, 77;
eaten, 78, 81n;
prophecy of Bhartpúr about, 149n
Almalik, ii. 462n
Almanacs, Chinese (Tacuin), i. [447], [448n]
Almonds, i. [153], [155n]
Aloes, Socotrine, ii. 409n
—— wood, see [Lign-aloes]
Alor, war cry, [43]
Al-Ramni, Al-Ramin, see [Sumatra]
Altai (Altay) Mountains, i. [212], [215n];
the Khan’s burial-place, [246], [269];
used for the Khingan range, [247n], [306n]
Altun-Khan, Mountain, i. [247n]
—— sovereign, ii. 19n
Amazons, fable of, ii. 405n
Ambergris, ii. 308n, 406, 411, 423, 424n;
how got, 408n
Amber-rosolli, i. [114n]
Amda Zion, king of Abyssinia, his wars v. Mahomedans, ii. 435n seqq.;
not the king mentioned by Polo, 436n
Ament, Rev. W. S., i. [361n], [421n], ii. 6, 11, 12
Ameri, a kind of Brazil wood, ii. 301n, 380n
Amhara, ii. 436n
Amien, Mien (Burma), ii. 98, 99n
Amita Buddha, i. [460n]
Ammianus Marcellinus, ii. 180n
Amoy, ii. 231n, 232n;
harbour, ii. 240n, 241n;
languages, 244n
Amphora, Anfora, ii. 417n
Amu, Aniu, see [Anin]
Amuki, devoted comrades of the king, ii. 347n
Anamis (Minao) River, i. [114n]
Ananda, Kúblái’s grandson, ii. 29n, 31n
Anár, i. [90n]
Anaurahta, king of Burma, ii. 99n, 329n
Ancestor Worship, ii. 85, 96n
Anchors, Wooden, ii. 386, 388n
Andaine, andena, andanicum, see [Ondanique]
Andaman (Angamanain) islands, ii. 306;
described, 307n, 309–312n;
people, 308n, 309, 311n;
form of the word, 310n
Andan, andun, Wotiak for steel, i. [94n]
Andragiri, ii. 301n
Andreas, king of Abyssinia, ii. 435n, 436n
Andrew, Bishop of Zayton, ii. 237n
—— Grand Duke of Rostof and Susdal, i. [7n]
Andromeda ovalifolia, poisonous, i. [218n]
Angamanain, see [Andaman]
Angan, or Hanjám, i. [115n]
’Angka, gryphon, see [Ruc]
Angkor, ruins of, [13]
Ani in Armenia, i., [234n]
Animal Patterns, see [Patterns]
Anin, province, ii. 119, 120n, 121n, 123, 128n, 129n, 266n
Annals of the Indo-Chinese States, ii. 106n
’An-nam, or Tong-king, ii. 120n
Anselmo, Friar, i. [131n]
Anthropoides Virgo, the demoiselle, i. [297n]
Antioch, i. [24n]
Antongil Bay, Madagascar, ii. 414n
Aotonomoff, Spasski, his ascent of Ararat, i. [49n]
Apostoille, word used for Pope, i. [12n]
Apples of Paradise (Konars), i. [97], [99n], ii. 365
Apricots, ii. 210n
’Apuhota (Kapukada?), ii. 380n
Apushka (Apusca), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. [32], [33n]
Arababni, ii. 436n
Arab geography, [132]
—— colonies in Madagascar, ii. 414n
—— horses, early literary recognition of, ii. 349n;
trade in, see [Horses]
—— merchants, in Southern India, ii. 376
—— Seamen’s Traditions about Java, ii. 274n
Arabi (Arabs), i. [60]
Arabia, ii. 438–451
Arabic character, i. [29n]
Arachosía, arachoti, ii. 329n, 402n
Araines, ii. 461, 462n
Arakan, ii. 100n, 286n, 290n, 298n
Aram (Harám), Place of the, i. [139], [141n]
Ararat, Mount, i. [46];
ascents of, [49n]
Arblasts, crossbows, ii. 78, 82n, 161n
Arbre Sol, or Arbre Sec, Region of the (Khorasan), [113], i. [38n], [83], [127], [128n–139n], ii. 466, 474, 475;
tree described—Chínár or Oriental plane, i. [127], [128n–138n];
various readings, [129n];
Arbre seul, a wrong reading, i. [129n], [138n];
Tree of the Sun legend, [129n–131n];
Christian legend of the Dry Tree, [131n];
engrafted on legends of Alexander, [132n];
Trees of Grace in Persia, [134n];
Dry Trees in Mahomedan legend, [135n];
in Rabbinical and Buddhist stories, and legends of the Wood of the Cross, [135n–136n];
Polo’s Arbre Sec to be sought near Damghan, [138n];
Sabaean apologue, [138n];
clue to the term Arbre Sec, [148n]
Arcali, Arculin, see [Erculin]
Architectural remains in Indo-China, [13]
Ardeshír Bábekán, first Sassanian king, i. [91n]
Ardeshír, last sovereign of Shabánkára, i. [86n]
Areca, ii. 309n, 374n
Areng Saccharifera, ii. 297n
Arezzo, i. [21n]
Argaeus, Mount, i. [44n]
Argali, ii. 483n
Arghún, Khan of Persia (Polo’s Argon, Lord of the Levant), [23–24], i. [14n], ii. 50, 466–467;
sends an embassy to Kúblái for a wife, i. [32], [33n];
is dead when she arrives, [35], [36n], [38n], [101n];
his unhappy use of the elixir vitae, ii. 369n;
advances against his uncle Ahmad, 467;
harangues his chiefs, 468;
sends Ahmad a remonstrance, 469;
is taken prisoner, 470;
released by certain chiefs, 471;
obtains sovereignty, 472;
his death, 474;
his beauty, 478n
Argons (Arghún), half-breeds, i. [101n], [284], [290n]
Arii, Ariana, ii. 402n
Arikbuga, Kúblái’s brother, i. [334n]
Arimaspia, ii. 419n
Arimaspian gold, ii. 419n
Ariora-Keshimur, i. [86n], [98], [104n];
meaning of Ariora, [104n]
Ariosto, i. [17n]
Aripo, ii. 335n, 337n
Aristotle, [130], i. [87n], [130n], ii. 409n
Arjish (Arzizi), i. [45], [49n]
Arkasun Noian, ii. 474n
Arkhaiun, applied to Oriental Christians or their Clergy, i. [290n]
Armenia, Greater, i. [45], [98]
Armenia (Hermenia), Lesser or Cilician, [10], i. [16], [20], [22], [23n], [41]
Armenian Christians, i. [290n]
Armenians, i. [43], [45], [75]
Armillary Zodiacal Sphere, i. [450n]
Armour of boiled leather, see [Cuirbouly]
Arms of Kerman, i. [90], [96n];
of the Tartars, i. [260], [263n], ii. 460
Arredon River, i. [54n]
Arrow Divination, i. [243n]
Arrows, Tartar, ii. 460
Artacki, 281n
Arts, the Seven, i. [13], [14n]
Aru, Cumahā, ii. 303n
Arucki, i. [281n]
Aruk, ii. 474n
Arulun Tsaghan Balghasun (Chagan-Nor), i. [297n], [306n]
Arya Chakravarti, ii. 316n
Aryavartta, the Holy Lands of Indian Buddhism, i. [104n]
Arzinga (Erzingan), i. [45], [46n]
Arziron (Erzrum), i. [45], [48n]
Arzizi (Arjish), i. [45], [49n]
Asbestos, and the Salamander, i. [212], [216n–217n]
Asceticism of the Sensin, i. [303];
of the Jogis, ii. 365
Asedin Soldan (Ghaiassuddin Balban, Sultan of Delhi), i. [99], [104n], [105n]
Ashar (Asciar), king of Cail, ii. 370, 373n
Ashishin, see [Assassins]
Ashod, founder of the Bagratid dynasty, i. [53n]
Ashurada, i. [59n]
Asikan, Mongol general, ii. 260n
Asoka, ii. 328
Asper, or akché, about a groat, ii. 22, 23n
Assai River, i. [54n]
Assassins (Ashishin, Hashíshin), Ismailites, i. [84n], [140];
how the Old Man trained them, [142];
murders by, [144n];
their destruction, [145];
survival and recent circumstances of the sect, [146n]
Asses, in Persia, i. [83], [87n], [88], [89n], [123], [225n];
in Mongolia, [224], [225n], [397];
in Madagascar, ii. 413, 421n;
in Abyssinia, 431;
in Far North, 479, 481n
Asterius, Bishop of Amasia in Pontus, i. [66n]
Astrakhan (Gittarchan), i. [5n], [6n]
Astrolabe, i. [446]
Astrology, -ers, in Tangut, i. [205];
of Chinghiz, [241];
at Kúblái’s Court, [301], [391];
at Cambaluc, [446];
of Tibet, ii. 49;
at Kinsay, 191, 203;
in Maabar, 344;
in Coilum, 376
Astronomical instruments, ancient Chinese, i. [378n], [449n–454n]
Atabegs, of Mosul, i. [61n];
of Lúr, [85n];
of Fars, [85n], [121n];
of Yezd, [88];
of Kerman, [91n]
Atjeh, see [Achin]
Atkinson’s Narratives, and their credibility, i. [214n], [215n]
Atlas, Chinese, in Magliabecchian Library, ii. 193n
Ἀτταγὰς (Black Partridge), i. [99]
Attalus, King, i. [66n]
At-Thaibi family, i. [121n]
Auberoche, Siege of, ii. 163n, 165n
Audh (Oudh), ii. 427n
Aufat, Ifat, ii. 435n
Augury, see [Omens]
Aung Khan (Unc Can), see [Prester John]
Aurangzíb, i. [168n]
Aurora, Ibn Fozlán’s account of, i. [8n]
Aussa, ii. 435n
Ávah, Abah, Ava, one of the cities of the Magi, i. [80], [81n]
Avarian, epithet of S. Thomas, ii. 353, 355n–356n
Avebury, Lord, on couvade, ii. 93n
Avicenna’s classification of Iron, i. [94n]
Avigi, ′afçi (falco montanus), i. [50], [57n]
Axum, Inscription, ii. 432n;
Church of, 433n;
Court of, 434n
Ayas (Layas, Aiazzo, etc.), port of Cilician Armenia, [19], i. [16], [17n], [20], [22], [41];
Sea fight at, [43], [46], [54]
Ayuthia, [13], ii. 278n, 279n
Azumiti, ii. 432n
Azure, Ultramarine (lapis armenus) Mines in Badakhshan, i. [157], [162n];
in Tenduc, [284];
ore, [365], [370n]
Baba Buzurg, worshipped by the Lurs, i. [85n]
Baber, E. C., on Ch’êng-tú, ii. 38n;
on wild oxen of Tibet, 52n;
Lolos, 61n–63n;
Gold River (Brius), 67n;
the word Caindu, 70n;
Talifu, 80n;
Mekong River 88n;
Zardandan, 89n;
site of battle between Kúblái and king of Mien, 105n;
descent of Mien, 108n
Baboons, etymology, ii. 385n, 431
Báb-ul-abwáh, “The Gate of Gates,” Pass of Derbend, i. [53n]
Babylon, Babylonia (Cairo or Egypt), i. [22], [24n], ii. 226, 230n;
Sultan of, i. [22], ii. 439, 473
Babylonish garments, i. [66n]
Baccadeo, indigo, ii. 382n
Baccanor, ii. 386n
Bacon, Roger, i. [94n], [426n];
as geographer, [114], [131]
Bacsi, see [Bakhshi]
Bactria, its relation to Greece, i. [160n]
Bacu, Sea of (Caspian), i. [59n]
Badakhshan (Badashan), i. [98], [104n], [154], [157];
its population, [155n], [160n];
capitals of, [156n];
Mirs of, [156n], [160n];
legend of Alexandrian pedigree of its kings, [157], [160n];
depopulation of, [156n], [163n];
scenery, [158n];
dialects, [160n];
forms of the name, [161n];
great river of (Upper Oxus), [170]
Badáún, ii. 427n
Badger, Rev. Dr. G. P., i. [65n], ii. 444n
Badghís, i. [150n], ii. 467
Badgír, Wind-catchers, ii. 452, 453n
Badruddín Lúlú, last Atabeg of Mosul, i. [61n]
Báfk (Báft), i. [89n], [111n], [122n]
Baghdad (Baudas), Baldac, taken by Alaü, Hulákú, i. [63];
its Khalif, [63], [64];
the miracle of the mountain, [69]
—— Archbishop of, ii. 407
—— its indigo (baccadeo), ii. 382n
Bagratidae, of Armenia, i. [42n];
of Georgia, [52n]
Bagration-Mukransky, Prince, i. [53n]
Bahár, ii. 427n
Bahárak, plain, i. [156n]
Bahá-uddin Ayaz, Wazir of Kalhát, i. [120n]
Bahá-ul-hakh, the Saint of Multán, ii. 82n
Bahrámábád, i. [90n], [122n]
Bahrámjird Village, i. [113n]
Bahrein, ii. 348n
Baiberdon, i. [49n]
Baiburt (Paipurth), Castle of, i. [48n], [49n]
Baidu Khan, i. [14n], ii. 475n;
seizes throne of Persia, 476;
displaced and killed by Gházán, 476;
alleged to be a Christian, 476, 477n
Bailo, the title, i. [417];
etymology of, [421n]
Bakhshi (Bacsi), Lamas, i. [414], [445];
their enchantments, [301], [302], [314n–318n];
various meanings of the word, [314n]
Bakhtyáris of Lúristán, the, i. [87n]
Baku, oil fields of, i. [46], [49n];
Sea of (Caspian), i. [59n]
Balad-ul-Falfal (Malabar), ii. 377n
Baladi, ii. 381n
Balalaika, a two-stringed Tartar instrument, i. [339n]
Balânjaríyah, devoted lieges, ii. 347n
Bala-Sagun, i. [232n]
Balas rubies, i. [157], [161n], ii. 362n
Baldac, see [Baghdad]
Baldacchini (Baudekins), brocades made at Baghdad, i. [63], [65n]
Baldwin II. (de Courtenay), last Latin Emperor of Constantinople, i. [2], [3n]
Bali, Island of, ii. 287n
—— in Abyssinia, ii. 436n
Balios, 421n
Balish (a money of account), ii. 218n
Balista, always a crossbow in mediæval times, ii. 161n
Balkh (Balc), i. [151]
Balkhash Lake, ii. 459n
Ballads, Genoese, on sea-fights at Ayas and Curzola, [43] seqq.
Ballard, Mr., ii. 382n, 387n
Balor, Balaur, Bilaur, Malaur, Bolor, i. [172], [178n–179n]
Bâlos, Malacca boats with two rudders, i. [119n]
Balsamodendron Mukul, ii. 397n
Balthazar, of the Magi, i. [78], [82n]
Bálti, i. [160n], [178n]
Balustrade, etymology of the word, [38]
Bamboo (always called canes by Polo), its multifarious uses, i. [299], [307n];
Kúblái’s Chandu Palace made of, [299], [306n];
great, on banks of Caramoran river, ii. 220;
explode loudly when burning, 42, 43, 46n;
large in Tibet, 48n;
ropes of, 171, 174n;
in Che kiang, 221n
Bamian, caves at, i. [156n];
huge recumbent image at, [221n]
Bám-i-Duniah, “Roof of the World,” i. [171], [174n]
Bamm, i. [113n]
Bandar Abbás (Bandar-Abbási), i. [86n], [89n], [106n], [122n]
Bandith, i. [98], [100n], [151]
Bangala, see [Bengal]
Banzaroff, Dorji, on Shamanism, i. [258n]
Baptism, accompanied by branding, in Abyssinia, ii. 427, 432n
Bara, ii. 305n
Barac (Borrak), Khan of Chagatai, i. [9], [10n], [103n];
his war with Arghún, ii. 458n, 467
Baradaeus, Jacob, or James Zanzale, Bishop of Edessa, i. [61n]
Barbaro, Josafat, i. [49n], [53n], [100n], [426n], [427n]
Barbarossa, Frederic, [36], i. [82n]
Barberino, Francesco da, [36], [118], i. [117n]
Barda’at, saddle-cloths, i. [61n]
Bardesir, i. [112n]
Bardshír, Bardsír, Bard-i-Ardeshír, i. [92n]
Bargu (Barguchin Tugrum, or Barguti), plain, i. [269], [270n]
Barguerlac, Syrrhaptes Pallasii, a kind of sand grouse, i. [269], [272n];
its migration into England, [273n]
Barguzinsk, i. [270n]
Barin, Mongol tribe, ii. 148n
Bark, money made from, [108], i. [423];
fine clothes from, ii. 124, 127n
Barka (Barca), Khan, ruler of Kipchak, i. [4], [5n], [103n], ii. 491;
his war with Hulákú, i. [4], ii. 494 seqq.
Barkul, i. [345n]
Barkút, búrgút (bearcoote), eagle trained to the chase, i. [397], [399n]
Barlaam and Josaphat, Story of Saints, from Legend of Buddha, ii. 323n seqq.
Barley, huskless, i. [158], [162n]
Baroch, ii. 367n
Baron-tala, name applied by Mongols to Tibet, i. [214n]
Barons (Shieng or Sing), Kaan’s twelve, ii. 430
Barozzi, Nicolo, [30], [70]
Barros, John de, i. [110n], [120n];
geography of, [3]
Barsauma (St. Barsamo), i. [77]
Barskul (Barscol), “Leopard Lake,” i. [343], [345n]
Bartizan, Kúblái’s wooden, i. [337], [339n]
Barus, Barros (Sumatra), its camphor, ii. 302n–303n, 304n
Barussae insulae, ii. 310n
Barygaza, ii. 397n, 408n
Bashai (Pashai), i. [165n]
Bashkirds (Hungarians), i. [57n]; ii. 492n
Bashpah, Lama, and the Mongol character called after him, i. [28n], [353n], ii. 46n
Basma, see [Pasei]
Basmuls (Guasmuls), half-breeds, i. [284], [292n]
Basra (Bastra), noted for its date-groves, i. [63], [65n]
Bathang, ii. 45n, 48n, 56n, 67n, 70n
Baths, natural hot, near Hormuz i. [110–122n];
in Cathay, [442];
public at Kinsay, ii. 189, 198n
Batigala, Batticalla, ii. 426n, 443n
Batochina, ii. 302n
Bats, large, in India, ii. 345
Battas of Sumatra, and cannibalism, ii. 288n, 298n
Batthála, Bettelar (Patlam in Ceylon), ii. 337n
Battles, Kúblái v. Nayan, i. [336];
Tartars v. king of Mien, ii. 101;
Caidu v. Khan’s forces, [461];
Borrak and Arghún, 467;
Arghún and Ahmad, 470n;
Hulákú and Barka, 496;
Toktai and Nogai, 499
Bátú, Khan of Kipchak, founder of Sarai, [11], i. [5n], [6n], [245], [247n];
invades Russia, 490, 493n;
made by Polo into two kings—Sain and Patu, 491, 492n;
his character and cruelty, 492n
Baudas, see [Baghdad]
Baudekins (baldacchini), brocades made at Baghdad, i. [63], [65n]
Bauduin de Sebourc, [121] seqq., ii. 141, 144, 189, 216
Bavaria, Duke Ernest of, a mediæval Romance, ii. 418n
Bawárij, corsairs, ii. 410n
Bayan Chingsian, Kúblái’s greatest Captain, i. [10n], [334n], [361n], ii. 138n, 208n, 462n;
prophecy connected with his name, 145, 150n;
his conquest of Manzi or South China, 146;
his history and character, 148n, 149n;
his exceptional cruelty at Chang-chau, 179, 180n
Bayan, Khagan of the Avars, ii. 148n
Bayan (Baian), Kúblái’s Master of the Hounds, i. [400], [401n]
Bayan, son of Nasruddin, ii. 104n
Bayezid Ilderim, i. [45n]
Bdellium, ii. 397n
Beads, Hindu, ii. 338, 347n
Bears, i. [396], [397], [401], ii. 31, 37, 42, 78, 382, 411, 431;
white in Far North, 479, 481n
Beast and bird patterns, see [Patterns]
Beaten gold, i. [387], [388n]
Beaujeu, William de, Master of the Temple, i. [25n]
Beauty of—Georgians, i. [50], [53n];
Khorasan women, [128];
Kashmir women, [166];
Sinju women, [276];
Argons, or half-breeds, [284];
the Ungrat or Kungurat tribe, [357];
people of Coloman, ii. 122;
Kinsay women, 186;
Kaidu’s daughter, 463;
Arghún Khan, 478;
the Russians, 487
Beds, their arrangement in India, ii. 346, 352n
Beef, not eaten in Maabar, except by the Govi, ii. 341, 350n;
formerly eaten in India, 350n
Bejas of the Red Sea Coast, ii. 425, 432n, 434n
Belgutai, Chinghiz’s stepbrother, i. [334n]
“Belic” for “Melic,” ii. 470n
Bell at Cambaluc, great, i. [375], [378n], [414]
Bellál Rajas, ii. 367n
Belledi, balladi, ginger so called, ii. 381n;
Spanish use of the word, ib.
Benares, brocades of, i. [66n]
Bendocquedar, see [Bundúkdári], [Bíbars]
Benedict XII., Pope, ii. 179n
Bengal (Bangala), [12];
king of Mien (Burma) and, ii. 98;
why Polo couples these, 99n;
relations between Burma and, 99n, 114;
claim asserted by king of Burma to, 100n;
alleged Mongol invasion of, 115n;
its distance from Caugigu, 120;
its currency, 123;
confused with Pegu by Polo, 128n, 131n
Beni Búya dynasty, i. [91n]
Benjamin of Tudela, on Alexander’s Rampart, i. [54n];
on the Gryphon, ii. 418n
Benzoin, etymology of, ii. 286n, 396n
Berard, Thos., Master of the Temple, i. [23], [24n]
Berbera, Sea of, ii. 415n
Berchet, G., [27], ii. 507n
Bereké, Bátu Khan’s brother, i. [5n]
Bernier, on Kashmir women’s beauty, i. [169n]
Berrie, the Arabic Băríya, a desert, i. [237n]
Bettelar, rendezvous of Pearl Fishers, ii. 331, 337n
Beyamini, wild oxen of Tibet, ii. 50, 52n
Bezant, i. [405], [424], [425], [426n], [427n], [444], ii. 41n, 186, 218n, 346n, 349n, 479;
value of, 592n
Bhagavata, ii. 346n
Bhamó, and River of, ii. 70n, 105n, 107n, 108n, 113n
Bhartpúr, prophecy about, ii. 149n
Bhattis, the, i. [104n]
Bháwalpúr, i. [104n]
“Bhim’s Baby,” colossal idol at Dhamnár caves, i. [221n]
Bianco’s, Andrea, maps, i. [133n]
Biar, ii. 305n
Bibars Bundúkdári, see [Bundúkdári]
Bielo Osero, ii. 486n
Bigoncio, a firkin, i. [384n]
Bilúchis, i. [101n];
their robber raids, [106n];
Lumri or Numri, [114n]
Binh Thuan (Champa), ii. 268n
Binkin, ii. 230n
Bintang (Pentam), ii. 280, 284
Birch-bark vessels, i. [309n];
books, ii. 124, 127n
Bír-dhúl, or Bujardawal, cap. of Ma’bar, ii. 335n
Bird-hunts, i. [269], [272n]
Birdwood, Sir G., ii. 396n, 446n, 449n
Birhōrs of Chuta Nagpúr, ii. 298n
Bir-Pandi, or Pira-Bandi, ii. 333n, 334n
Birthday, celebration of Kúblái’s, i. [387]
Bishbalik (Urumtsi), i. [214n], [440n]
Bishop, of Male Island, ii. 404;
story of an Abyssinian, 428
Bitter bread, i. [110], [122n]
—— water, i. [110], [122n], [194]
Blac, Blachia (Lac, Wallach), ii. 489n
Black-bone, Chinese name for Lolos, ii. 63n
Black Crane (Kará Togorü), i. [296], [297n]
—— Saints, White Devils in India, ii. 355, 359n
—— Sea, M. Maurum v. Nigrum, i. [2], [3n], [57n]
—— Sect of Tibet, i. [324n]
Blacker, the more beautiful, ii. 355
Blaeuw, map, i. [102n]
Blochmann, Professor H., i. [114n], ii. 116n
Block-books, supposed to have been introduced from China, [139]
Block-printing in Persia, i. [429n]
Blood-sucking, Tartar, i. [261], [264n]
Blous, bloies, i. [327n]
Boar’s tusks, huge (Hipp.), ii. 413
Boccassini, i. [62n]
Bode, Baron de, i. [85n]
Bodhisatva Avalok., ii. 265n
Bodleian MS. of Polo, [18], [92], [94];
list of miniatures in, ii. 528n
Boeach, mistake for Locac, and its supposed position, ii. 280n
Boemond, Prince of Antioch and Tripoli, letter of Bibar to, i. [24n]
Boga (Bukā), a great Mongol officer, delivers Arghún, ii. 471, 472, 474n
Boghra Khan, i. [188n]
Bohea country, ii. 222n, 224n
Bohra, sect of W. India, i. [148n]
Boikoff, Russian Envoy, i. [218n]
Bokhara (Bocara), i. [9], [10]
Boleyn, Anne, her use of buckram, i. [47n]
Bolgana, Queen, see [Bulughán]
Bolgarskoye (called also Uspenskoye), i. [7n]
Bolghar, borgal, borghal, Russia leather, i. [6n], [394], [395n]
Bolghar (Bolgara), on the Volga, i. [4], [6n], ii. 481n, 486n, 493n;
ruins of, i. [7n];
court of, [384n]
Bolivar, Padre, S. J., his account of the Condor (Rukh) of Africa, ii. 420n, 597n
Bolor, i. [172], [178n], [179n]
Bombay, ii. 396n, 449n
Bonaparte, Prince Roland, Recueil des Documents de l’Époque Mongole, i. [14n], [28n]
Bonga, ii. 96n
Bonheur, Rosa, i. [277n]
Boniface VIII., Pope, [44], [52], [54], i. [23n]
Bonin, C. E., i. [203n], [249n], [276n], [282n], [286n]
Bonocio di Mestro, [67]
Bonpos, old Tibetan Sect, i. [314n], [321n], [323n]
Bonús, ebony, ii. 268, 272n
Bonvalot, i. [200n]
Book of Marco Polo, its contents, [80];
original language, French, [81];
oldest Italian MS., [82];
“Geographic Text,” in rude French, [83] seqq.;
various types of Text—(1) “Geographic,” [90];
(2) Pauthier’s MSS., [92];
(3) Pipino s Latin, [95];
Preface to, ii. 525n;
Grynæus’ Latin, [95];
Müller’s reprint, [96];
(4) Ramusio’s Italian edition, its peculiarities, [96–101];
probable truth about it, [99];
bases of it, [100];
MS. and some of its peculiarities, [101];
general view of the relations of the texts, [101];
notice of an old Irish version, [102];
geographical data, [109];
how far influenced in form by Rustician, [112];
perhaps in description of battles, [113];
diffusion and number of MSS., [116];
basis of present version, [141] seqq.;
specimens of different recensions of text, ii. 522n–524n;
distribution of MSS., 526n;
miniatures in, 527n, 529n;
list of MSS., 532n–552n;
Tabular view of the filiation of chief MSS., 552;
Bibliography, 553n–582n;
titles of works cited, 582n–590n;
Spanish edition, 598n
Bore in Hang-chau Estuary, ii. 208n
Borgal, see [Bolghar]
Bormans, Stanislas, ii. 602n, 603n
Born, Bertram de, [44]
Borneo, camphor, see [Camphor]
—— tailed men of, ii. 302n
Boro Bodor, Buddhist Monument, Java, [13], ii. 275n
Borrak, Amir, Prince of Kerman (Kutlugh Sultan?), i. [91n]
—— Khan of Chaghatai, see [Barac]
Borús, the, ii. 310n
Bostam, i. [138n]
Boswellia thurifera, ii. 396n, 446n, 448n;
serrata, 446n;
Carterii, 448n;
Bhauda-jiana, 448n;
papyrifera, 448n;
Frereana, 448n;
glabra, 396n
Bouqueran, see [Buckram]
Bourne, F. S. A., ii. 60n, 131n
Boxwood forests in Georgia, i. [50], [57n]
Bozzí, i. [212n]
Bra, the word, [45]
Bracelets, in Anin, ii. 119
Bragadino, Marco, husband of Marco Polo’s daughter, Fantina, [76]
—— Pietro, [76]
Brahmanical thread, ii. 363
Brahmans (Abraiaman), fish-charmers to the pearl fishery, ii. 332, 337n;
their character and virtues, 363, 367n;
their king, 364;
their omens, 364, 368n, 369n;
longevity, 365;
Chughi, 365;
Palladian legend of, 405n
Brahma’s temple, Hang-chau, ii. 212n, 213n
Brahuis, i. [101n]
Brakhimof, early capital of Bulgaria, i. [7n]
Brambanan, ruins at, [13]
Bran (Tibetan tsamba), parched barley, i. [303], [321n]
Brazil wood, in Locac, ii. 276, 279n;
in Sumatra, 299;
manner of growth, ib., 309n;
in Ceylon, 313, 315n;
in Coilum (Coilumin), 375, 380n;
different kinds, ib.;
vicissitudes of the word, 380n;
its use prohibited by Painters’ Guild, 382n
Bread, bitter, i. [110], [122n]
Brephung monastery, i. [319n]
Bretesche, i. [339n]
Bretschneider, Dr. Emil (Medical Researches), ruins of Bolghar, i. [7n];
the Uíghúr character, [28n];
Caucasian Wall, [54n];
use of muslin in Samarkand, [62n];
on nakh and nachetti, [65n];
Hulákú’s expedition to West Asia, [66n], [85n], [146n], [148n];
an extract from the Yüan Si, [115n];
Badakhshan, [161n];
Kashgar, [183n];
Shachau, [206n];
Kamul, [211n];
Chingintalas, [214n];
the Stipa inebrians, [219n];
the Utikien Uigúrs, [227n];
Erdenidso Monastery, [228n];
Belasagun, [232n];
death of Chinghiz, [248n];
tung lo or kumiz, [259n];
Kúblái’s death, [334n];
Peking, [366n], [368n], [370n], [372n], [376n–378n], ii. 5n, 6n, 8n;
verniques, i. [384n];
clepsydra, [385n];
the Bularguchi, [408n];
Achmath’s biography, [421n];
paper-money, [430n];
post stations, [437n];
Chinese intoxicating drinks, [441n];
regulations for time of dearth, [444n];
Lu-Ku-K’iao Bridge, ii. 8n;
introduction of plants from Asia into China, 16n;
morus alba, 25n;
Tibet, 46n;
bamboo explosions, 46n;
the Si-fans, 60n;
Cara-jang and Chagan-jang, 73n;
Nasr-uddin, 104n;
the Alans, 180n;
rhubarb in Tangut, 183n;
Polo’s “large pears,” 210n;
on galangal, 229n;
on sugar, 230n;
on Zayton, 238n;
on wood-oil, 252n;
on ostrich, 437n;
on Si-la-ni, 316n;
on frankincense, 449n;
on Magyars, 492n;
on Mongol invasion of Poland and Silesia, 493n
Brichu (Brius, the Upper Kiang), ii. 67n
Bridges of Pulisanghin, ii. 3;
Sindafu (Ch’êngtu), 37;
Suchau, 181;
Kinsay, 185, 187, 194n, 201, 212;
Kien-ning fu, 225, 228n;
Fuchau, 233n, 234n;
Zayton, or Chinchau, 241n
Brine-wells, see [Salt]
Brius River (Kin-sha Kiang, Gold River), ii. 36, 40n, 56, 67n
Brown, G. G., ii. 35n
—— Sir Thomas, ii. 420n, 424n;
on Polo, [115]
Bruce’s Abyssinian Chronology, ii. 435n seqq.
Brunetto Latini’s Book, Li Tresor, [88], [117]
Brunhilda, ii. 466n
Bruun, Professor Ph., of Odessa, i. [6n], [54n], [232n–235n]
Bucephala, of Alexander, i. [105n]
Bucephalus, breed of, i. [158], [162n]
Buckrams, of Arzinga, i. [45];
described, [47n];
etymology, [48n];
at Mardin, [61], [62n];
in Tibet, ii. 45;
at Mutfili, 361, 363n;
Malabar, 389, 395, 398, 431
Buddha, see [Sakya Muni]
Buddhism, Buddhists, see [Idolatry], [Idolaters]
Buddhist Decalogue, i. [170n]
Buffaloes in Anin, ii. 119
Buffet and vessels of Kúblái’s table, i. [382], [384n]
Bugaei, ii. 432n
Buka (Boga), a great Mongol chief, ii. 471, 472, 474n
Buka Bosha, 1st Mongolian Governor of Bokhara, i. [10n]
Búkú Khan, of the Hoei-Hu, or Uighúrs, i. [227n]
Bularguji (Bularguchi), “The Keeper of Lost Property,” i. [403], [407n]
Bulgaria, Great, ii. 286n
Bulughán (Bolgana), Queen, [23], i. [32], [33n], [38n], ii. 474n
—— another, ii. 475n
Bundúkdár, Amír Aláuddín Aidekín (“The Arblasteer”), i. [24n]
Bundúkdári, Malik Dáhir Ruknuddín Bíbars (Bendocquedar), Mameluke Sultan of Egypt, i. [22], [23n–25n], [145n], ii. 424n, 433n, 436n, 494n;
killed by kumiz, 259n
Buraets, or Burgats, the, i. [258n], [283n]
Búrkán Káldún, i. [247n]
Burma (or Ava), King of, ii. 98, 99n.
(See also [Mien].)
Burnell, Arthur, ii. 335n, 359n, 386n
Burning the Dead, see [Cremation]
—— heretical books, i. [321n]
—— paper-money, etc., at funerals, i. [204], [208n], [267], [268n], ii. 191
—— Widows in South India, ii. 341, 349n
Burrough, Christopher, i. [9n]
Burton, Captain R. F., ii. 597n
Bushell, Dr. S. W., his visit to Shang-tu, i. [26n], [304n], [305n], [412n];
on the Khitan Scripts, [28n];
Tangut rulers, [205n];
orders for post-horses, [353n]
Butchers, in Kashmir, i. [167];
Tibet, [170n];
S. India, ii. 342
Butiflis (Mutfili), ii. 362n
Butler, Hudibras, ii. 92n
Buyid dynasty, i. [86n]
Ca’ Polo, Ca’ Milion, Corte del Millioni, the house of the Polos at Venice, [4], [26] seqq., [53], [70], [77]
Caaju, castle of, i. [244]
Cabs, Peking, ii. 211n
Cacanfu (Hokiang-fu), ii. 127, 132
Cachanfu (P’uchau-fu, Ho-chung-fu), ii. 22, 25n
Cachar Modun, i. [404], [408n]
Cachilpatnam, ii. 387n
Cadmia, i. [126n]
Caesalpinia, [380n];
and see [Brazil]
Caesarea of Cappadocia (Casaria, Kaisaríya), i. [43], [44n]
Caichu, castle of (Kiai-chau, or Hiai-chau?), ii. 17, 19n, 26n
Caidu, see [Kaidu]
Caiju, on the Hwang-Ho, ii. 142
—— on the Kiang, Kwachau, ii. 171, 174
Cail (Káyal), ii. 370, 372n–373n;
a great port of Commerce, 370, 373n;
the king, ib.;
identified, 372;
meaning of name, ib.;
remains of, ib.
Caindu (K’ien-ch’ang), a region of Eastern Tibet, ii. 53, 70n
Caingan (Ciangan, Kiahing), ii. 184n, 185n
Cairo, ii. 439n;
museum at, 424n;
ventilators at, 452n.
(See [Babylon].)
Caiton, see [Zayton]
Cala Ataperistan (Kala’ Atishparastán), “Castle of the Fire Worshippers,” i. [78]
Calachan (Kalaján), i. [281], [282n]
Calaiate, Calatu, see [Kalhát]
Calamanz, the word, ii. 272n
Calamina, city, ii. 357n
Caldwell, Rev. Dr. R., on devil-dancing among the Shanars, ii. 97n;
on name of Ceylon, 314n;
on Shahr-Mandi and Sundara Pandi, 333n;
on the Tower at Negapatam, 336n;
etymology of Chilaw, 337n;
on Pacauta, 346n;
Govis, 349n;
singular custom of arrest, 350n–351n;
rainy season, 351n;
food of horses, ib.;
Shanar devil-images, 359n;
choiach, 368n;
Cail, or Kayál city, 372n, 373n;
Kolkhoi, 373n;
King Ashar of Cail, ib.;
Kollam 377n;
Pinati, 380n;
etymology of Sapong, ib.;
Cape Comorin, 383n
Calendar, Ecclesiastical Buddhist, i. [220], [222n];
the Tartar, [447], [448n];
of Brahmans, ii. 368n–369n;
of Documents relating to Marco Polo and his family, 505n seqq.
Calicut, ii. 380n, 381n, 388n, 391n, 440n;
King of, and his costume, 346n
Calif, see [Khalif]
Caligine, Calizene (Khálij, a canal from Nile), ii. 439n
Camadi (City of Dakiánús), ruined, i. [97], [113n]
Cambaluc (Khanbaligh, or Peking), capital of Cathay, [12], i. [38n], ii. 3, 132, 213n, 320;
Kúblái’s return thither after defeating Nayan, i. [348];
the palace, [362];
the city, [374];
its size, walls, gates, and streets, the Bell Tower, etc., [375n–378n];
period of khan’s stay there, [411];
its suburbs and hostelries, [412];
cemeteries, women, patrols, [414];
its traffic, [415];
the Emperor’s Mint, [423];
palace of the Twelve Barons, [431];
roads radiating from, [433];
astrologers of, [446]
Cambay (Cambaet, Cambeth, Kunbáyat), kingdom of, ii. 394n, 397, 398n, 403n, 426n, 440n, 443n
Cambuscan, of Chaucer, corruption of Chinghiz, i. [247n]
Camel-bird, see [Ostrich]
Camels, mange treated with oil, i. [46];
camlets from wool of, [281], [284];
white, [281], [283n];
incensing, [309n];
alleged to be eaten in Madagascar, ii. 411;
really eaten in Magadoxo, 413n;
ridden in war, 423, 425n
Camexu, Kamichu, see [Campichu]
Camlets (cammellotti), i. [281], [283n], [284]
Camoens, ii. 266n
Camphor (Laurus Camphora) trees in Fo-kien, ii. 234, 237n
—— of Sumatra, ii. 287n;
Fansuri, 299, 302n;
earliest mention of, 302n;
superstitions regarding, 303n;
description of the tree, Dryabalanops Camphora, 303n–304n;
value attached by Chinese to, 304n;
recent prices of, ib.;
its use with betel, 371, 374n
—— oil, ii. 304n
Campichu (Kanchau), city of, i. [219], [220n]
Camul (Kamul), province, i. [209], [211n], [214n]
Camut, fine shagreen leather, i. [394], [395n]
Canal, Grand, of China, ii. 132, 139, 140, 141n, 143n, 152n, 154n, 209n, 222n;
construction of, 174, 175n
Canale, Cristoforo, MS. by, [34], [37]
—— Martino da, French Chronicle of Venice by, [88]
Cananor, kingdom, ii. 388n
Cananore, ii. 386n, 387n
Canara, ii. 390n, 397n
Cancamum, ii. 397n
Canela brava, ii. 390n
Canes, Polo’s name for bamboos, q.v.
Cannibalism, ii. 293, 294, 298n, 311n, 312n;
ascribed to Tibetans, Kashmiris, etc., i. [301], [312n], [313n];
to Hill-people in Fo-kien, ii. 225, 228n;
to islanders in Seas of China and India, 264;
in Sumatra, 284, 288n;
regulations of the Battas, 288n;
ascribed to Andaman islanders, 309, 311n
Cannibals, i.e. Caribs, ii. 311n, 405n
Canonical Hours, ii. 368–369n
Cansay, see [Kinsay]
Canton, [3], ii. 199n, 237n
Cape Comorin, see [Comari, Temple at], [76]
—— Corrientes (of Currents), ii. 415n, 417n, 426n
—— Delgado, ii. 424n
—— of Good Hope, ii. 417n
Capidoglio (Capdoille), sperm-whale, ii. 414n
Cappadocian horses, i. [44n]
Capus, G., i. [129n] [162n]
Caracoron (Kará Korum), i. [66n], [226], [227n], [269], ii. 460, 462n
Carajan (Caraian, Karájang, or Yun-nan), province, [21], ii. 64, 66, 67n, 72n, 76, 86
Caramoran River (Hwang-Ho), ii. 142, 143n, 144n, 151
Carans, or Scarans, i. [100n]
Caraonas (Karaunahs), a robber tribe, i. [98], [101n], [121n]
Carats, i. [359n]
Carbine, etymology of, i. [101n]
Cardinal’s Wit, i. [21n]
Caribs, i.e. cannibals, ii. 311n, 405n
Carpets, of Turcomania (Turkey), i. [43], [44n];
Persian, [66n];
Kerman, [96n]
Carriages, at Kinsay, ii. 205, 206;
Chinese, 211n
Carrion, shot from engines, ii. 163n
Carta Catalana, Catalan Map of 1375, [134], i. [57n], [59n], [82n], [161n], ii. 221n, 243n, 286n, 362n, 386, 396n, 494n
Carte, à la, ii. 486n
Carts, Mongol, i. [254n]
Casan, see [Gházán Khan]
Casaria (Caesarea of Cappadocia), i. [43], [44n]
Cascar (Kashgar), i. [180], [182n];
Chaukans of, [193n]
Casem, see [Kishm]
Caspian Sea (Sea of Ghel or Ghelan), ancient error about, [2], [129];
its numerous names, i. [52], [58n], [59n], ii. 494n
Cassay, see [Kinsay]
Cassia, ii. 59n, 60n, 390n, 391n
—— buds, ii. 59n, 391n
—— fistula, ii. 398n
Castaldi, Panfilo, his alleged invention of movable types, [139–140]
Castambol, i. [45n]
Castelli, P. Cristoforo di, i. [52n], [53n]
Casvin (Kazvín), a kingdom of Persia, i. [83], [84n], [101n], [141n]
Catalan Navy, [38–39]
Cathay (Northern China), [3];
origin of name, [11], [15], i. [60], [76n], [285], [414], [418], [441], ii. 10, 127, 132, 135, 139, 140, 192, 391n, 457;
coal in, i. [442];
idols, ii. 263;
Cambaluc, the capital of, see [Cambaluc]
Cathayans, v. Ahmad, i. [415] et seqq.;
their wine, [441];
astrologers, [446];
religion, [456];
politeness, filial duty, gaol deliveries, gambling, [457]
Catholics, ii. 407;
Catholicos, of Sis, i. [42n];
of the Nestorians, [61n], [62n]
Cators (chakors), great partridges, i. [296], [297n]
Cat’s Head Tablet, i. [356n]
Cats in China, ii. 350n
Caucasian Wall, i. [53n], [54n]
Caugigu, province, ii. 116, 120, 123, 128n, 131n
Caulking, of Chinese ships, ii. 250, 251n
Cauly, Kauli (Corea), i. [343], [345n]
Causeway, south of the Yellow River, ii. 153n
Cauterising children’s heads, ii. 432n
Cave-houses, i. [154], [156n], ii. 150n
Cavo de Eli, ii. 386n
—— de Diab, ii. 417n
Cayu (Kao-yu), ii. 152
Celtic Church, ii. 370n
Census, of houses in Kinsay, ii. 192;
tickets, ib.
Ceremonial of Mongol Court, see [Etiquette]
Ceylon (Seilan), ii. 312–314;
circuit of, 310n;
etymology of, 314n;
customs of natives, 315;
mountain of Adam’s (alias Sagamoni Borcan’s) Sepulchre, 316, 321n;
history of Buddha, 317;
origin of idolatry, 318 seqq.;
subject to China, 392n
Ceylon, King of, his pearl-ponds, ii. 337n
Chachan (Charchan, Charchand), i. [192n], [194], [195n], [196n]
Chagatai (Sigatay), Kúblái’s uncle, son of Chinghiz, [10], i. [10n], [14n], [98], [102n], [183], [186n], ii. 457, 458n, 459
Chaghán-Jáng, ii. 72n, 73n
Chaghan-Kuren, ii. 23n
Chaghan-Nor (“White Lake”), N.E. of Kamul, i. [214n]
—— (Chaghan, or Tsaghan Balghasun), site of Kúblái’s palace, i. [296], [297n], [306n], [422n], ii. 14n
Chairs, silver, i. [351], [355n]
Chakor (cator), great partridges, i. [296], [297n]
Chalcedony and jasper, i. [191], [193n]
Chalukya Malla kings, ii. 336n
Champa (Chamba), kingdom of, ii. 266, 268n, 424, 426n, 596n;
Kúblái’s expedition v., 267;
the king and his wives, 268, 271n;
products, 268, 271n–272n;
locality, 269–270n;
invaded by king of Lukyn, 279n
Chandra Banu, ii. 315n
Chandu (Shangtu), city of peace of Kúblái, i. [25], [298], [304n], [410–411], [435]
Changan, ii. 182, 184n
Chang-chau (Chinginju), ii. 178, 179n
—— in Fo-kien, ii. 233n, 238n;
Zayton(?), 238n;
Christian remains at, 240n–241n
Ch’ang Ch’un, travels, i. [62n]
Changgan (Chang-ngan), ii. 27–29n
Chang-kia-Kau, the gate in the Great Wall, i. [56n]
Chang K’ien, ii. 16n
Chang-shan (Chanshan), ii. 198n, 199n, 219, 221n, 222n, 224n
Ch’ang Te (the Chinese traveller), Si Shi Ki, i. [64n], [66n]
Chang Te-hui, a Chinese teacher, i. [309n]
Chang-y (Chenchu), i. [417–419], [422n]
Chang Yao, Chinese general, i. [211n]
Cháo de Bux (Cavo di Bussi), boxwood, i. [57n]
Chaohien, Sung Prince, ii. 150n
Cháo-Khánahs, bank-note offices in Persia, i. [429n]
Cháo Naiman Sumé Khotan, or Shangtu, “city of the 108 temples,” i. [304n]
Cháo, paper-money, i. [426n], [429n]
Cháo, title of Siamese and Shan Princes, ii. 73n
Chaotong, ii. 130n
Chapu, ii. 199n
Characters, written, four acquired by Marco Polo, i. [27];
one in Manzi, but divers spoken dialects, ii. 236
Charchan (Chachan of Johnson, Charchand), i. [192n], [194], [195n], [196n]
Charcoal, store in Peking, palace garden of, i. [370n]
Charities, Kúblái’s, i. [439], [443], [444];
Buddhistic and Chinese, [446n];
at Kinsay, ii. 188, 198n
Charles VIII., of France, i. [398n]
Chau dynasty, i. [347n]
Chaucer, quoted, i. [3n], [5n], [17n], [161n], [247n], [386n], ii. 11n
Chaukans, temporary wives at Kashgar, i. [193]
Chaul, ii. 367n
Cheapness in China, ii. 202
Cheetas, or hunting leopards, i. [397], [398n]
Cheh-kiang, cremation common during Sung dynasty in, ii. 135n;
roads into Fo-kien from, 224n
Cheinan, Gulf of, ii. 266
Chenchau, or Iching hien, ii. 173n, 174n
Chenching (Cochin-China), ii. 268n–269n, 277n
Chenchu (Chang-y), conspires with Vanchu v. Ahmad, i. [417–419], [422n]
Ch’eng-ting fu, ii. 13, 14n
Ch’êng-Tsu (Yung-lo), Emperor, 392n
Ch’êng-tu (Sze-ch’wan), ii. 32n, 34n, 35n
Ch’êngtu-fu (Sindafu), ii. 36, 37n
Cheu, the Seven, ii. 277n
Chibai and Chiban, ii. 459, 462n
Chichiklik Pass, i. [172n], [175n]
Chien-ch’ang (Caindu), ii. 70n.
(See [K’ien-ch’ang].)
Chihli, plain of, ii. 14n
Chilaw, ii. 337n
Chiliánwála, battlefield of, i. [105n]
Chilu-ku, last Karakhitai king, ii. 20n
Chin, Sea of, ii. 264, 265, 266n, 270n
China, [134];
Imperial Maritime Customs Returns for 1900, ii. 173n;
Dominicans in, 240n;
paved roads in, 189, 198n;
relations with Korea and Japan, 262n;
the name, 265n;
king of Malacca at Court of, 282n;
trade from Arabia to, 348n;
from Sofala in Africa, 400n.
(See also [Cathay] and [Manzi].)
Chinangli (T’sinan-fu), ii. 133, 135, 137n
Chínár, Oriental planes, i. [128n], [138n]
Chinchau, Chincheo, Chinchew, Chwanchew, Tswanchau, see [Zayton]
Chinese, Polo ignorant of the languages, [110], i. [29n];
epigrams, [170n];
funeral and mourning customs, [207n], ii. 191;
feeling towards Kúblái, i. [421n];
religion and irreligion, [456], [458n];
their politeness and filial piety, [457], [462n];
gambling, [457];
character for integrity, ii. 204, 210n;
written character and varieties of dialect, 236;
ships, 249 seqq.;
pagodas at Negapatam and elsewhere, 336n;
coins found in Southern India, 337n;
pottery, 372n–373n;
trade and intercourse with Southern India, 373n, 378n, 386, 390, 392n
Chinghian-fu (Chinkiang-fu), ii. 175, 176, 177n
Chinghiz Khan, [10], [11], i. [5n], [10n], [12n], ii. 458n, 479, 481n;
reported to be a Christian, i. [14n];
Aung Khan’s saying of, [27n];
his use of Uíghúr character, [28n];
Erzrum taken by, [49n];
harries Balkh, [151n];
captures Talikan, [154n];
ravages Badakhshan, [163n];
his respect for Christians, [186n], [242n], [243n];
subjugates Kutchluk Khân, [189n];
his campaigns in Tangut, [206n], [218n], [225n], [281n];
Rubruquis’ account of, [237n], [239n];
made king of the Tartars, [238];
his system of conquests, [238];
and Prester John, [239–241];
divining by twigs—presage of victory, [241];
defeats and slays Prester John, [244];
his death and burial-place, [244], [245n], [249n];
his aim at conquest of the world, [245n];
his funeral, [250n];
his army, [262], [265n];
defeats the Merkits, [270n];
relations between Prester John’s and his families, [284], [288n];
the Horiad tribe, [300], [308n];
his prophecy about Kúblái, [331n];
rewards his captains, [351n];
captures Peking, ii. 8n;
defeats and slays Taiyang Khan, 20n;
his alleged invasion of Tibet, 46n;
his mechanical artillery, 168n;
his cruelty, 181n;
Table of Genealogy of his House, 505n
Chinghiz Tora, ii. 481n
Ching-hoang tower at Hangchau-fu, ii. 214n
Chinginju (Chang-chau), ii. 178
Chingintalas, province, i. [212];
its identification, [214n], [215n]
Chingkim, Chinkin, Chimkin, Kúblái’s favourite son and heir-apparent, i. [38n], [359], [360n], [418], [422n];
his palace, [366], [372n]
Chingsang, Ching-siang (Chinisan), title of a Chief Minister of State, i. [432n], ii. 145, 148n, 150n, 218n
Chingting-fu (Acbaluc), ii. 13, 14n
Chingtsu, or Yung-lo, Emperor, ii. 392n
Chíní, coarse sugar, ii. 230n
Chinju (Tinju), ii. 153, 154n
Chin-tan, or Chínasthána, Chinese etymology of, ii. 119n
Chinuchi, Cunichi, Kúblái’s Masters of the Hounds, i. [400], [401n]
Chipangu (Japan), ii. 253, 256n;
account of Kúblái’s expedition v., 255, 258;
its disasters, 255–256;
history of expedition, 260n seqq.;
relations with China and Korea, 262n
Chitral, i. [154n], [160n], [165n], [166n]
Chloroxylon Dupada, ii. 397n
Cho-chau (Juju), ii. 10, 11n, 131n
Choiach, the term, ii. 364, 368n
Chola, or Sola-desam (Soli, Tanjore), ii. 335n, 336n, 364, 368n
Chonka (Fo-kien), kingdom of, ii. 231, 232n, 236;
explanation of name, 232n
Chonkwé, ii. 232n
Chorcha, see [Churchin]
Christian, astrologers, i. [241], [446];
churches in China, early, ii. 27n;
inscription of Singanfu, 28n;
Alans in the Mongol service, ii. 178, 179n
Christianity, attributed to Chinghizide princes, i. [14n], ii. 476, 477n;
Kúblái’s views on, i. [344n]
—— former, of Socotra, ii. 410n
Christians, of the Greek rite, Georgians, i. [50];
and Russians, ii. 486;
Jacobite and Nestorian, at Mosul, i. [46], [60], [61n];
among the Kurds, [60], [62n];
and the Khalif of Baghdad—the miracle of the mountain and the one-eyed cobbler, [68–73];
Kashgar, [182], [183n];
in Samarkand, [183], [186n];
the miracle of the stone removed, [185];
Yarkand, [187];
Tangut, [203], [207n];
Chingintalas, [212];
Suh-chau, [217];
Kan-chau, [219];
in Chinghiz’s camp, [241];
Erguiul and Sinju, [274];
Egrigaia, [281];
Tenduc, [285];
Nayan and the Khan’s decision, [339], [344];
at Kúblái’s Court, [388];
in Yun-nan, ii. 66, 74n;
Cacanfu, 132;
Yang-chau, 154n;
churches at Chin-kiang fu, 177;
at Kinsay, 192;
St. Thomas’, 353–354;
Coilum, 375;
Male and Female Islands, 404;
Socotra, 406;
Abyssinia and fire baptism, 427, 432n;
of the Girdle, 432n;
in Lac (Wallachia), 487
Chrocho, the Rukh (q.v.), ii. 415n seqq.
Chronology and chronological data discussed, first journey of the Polos, i. [3n];
war between Barka and Hulákú, [8n];
Polos’ stay at Bokhara, [10n];
their departure and their second journey from Acre, [23n];
their return voyage and arrival in Persia, [38n];
story of Nigudar, [103n];
Hormuz princes, [120n];
destruction of Ismailites, [146n];
history of Chinghiz, [239n], [242n], [247n];
Kúblái’s birth and accession, [334n];
Nayan’ rebellion, [334n], [346n];
Polo’s visit to Yun-nan, ii. 81n;
battle with the king of Mien, 104n;
wars between China and Burma, 104n–106n, 111n, 114n;
value of Indo-Chinese, 106n;
conquest of S. China, 148n, 149n;
capture of Siang-yang, 167n;
Kúblái’s dealings with Japan, 260n–261n;
with Champa, 270n;
Marco’s visit to Japan, 271n;
Kúblái’s Java expedition, 275n;
review of the Malay, 282n;
events in Ma’bar, 333n;
King Gondophares, 357n;
cessation of Chinese navigation to India, 391n;
Abyssinia, 434n seqq.;
Kaidu’s wars, 462n, 467n;
Mongol revolutions in Persia, notes from, 470n–475n;
wars of Toktai and Noghai, 497.
(See also [Dates].)
Chrysostom, i. [81n]
Chuchu, in Kiang-si, ii. 224n, 229n
Chughis, see [Jogis]
Chung-Kiang, ii. 40n
Chungkwé, “Middle Kingdom,” ii. 232n
Chung-tu, or Yen-King (Peking, see [Cambaluc])
Ch’ura, i. [265n]
Churches, Christian, in Kashgar, i. [182];
Samarkand, [185];
Egrigaia, [281];
Tenduc, [287n];
early, in China, ii. 27n;
Yang-chau, 154n;
Chin-kiang fu, 177;
Kinsay, 192;
Zayton, 238n, 240n;
St. Thomas’s, 354–355, 356n;
Coilum, 377n;
Socotra, 409n–410n
Churchin, or Niuché, Churché, Chorcha (the Manchu Country), i. [231n], [343], [344n]
Cielstan, Suolstan (Shúlistán), i. [83], [85n]
Cinnamon, Tibet, ii. 49, 52n;
Caindu, 56, 59n;
Ceylon, 315n;
story in Herodotus of, 363n;
Malabar, 389, 390n
Circumcision of Socotrans, ii. 409n;
forcible, of a bishop, 429;
of Abyssinians, 432n
Cirophanes, or Syrophenes, story of, ii. 328n
Civet, of Sumatra, ii. 295n
Clement IV., Pope, i. [17], [18n], [21n]
Clepsydra, i. [378n], [385n], ii. 214
Cloves, ii. 272, 306;
in Caindu, 56, 59n
Coal (Polo’s blackstone), i. [442];
in Scotland in Middle Ages, [443n];
in Kinsay, ii. 216
Cobbler, the one-eyed, and the miracle of the mountain, i. [70]
Cobinan (Koh-Banán), i. [125]
Cocachin (Kúkáchin), the Lady, [23–24], i. [32], [33n], [36], [38n]
Cochin-China, the mediæval Champa (q.v.)
Coco-nut (Indian nut), i. [108], ii. 293, 306, 308n, 309n, 354, 389
Coco Islands, of Hiuen T’sang, ii. 307n
Cocos Islands, ii. 309n
Cœur de Lion, his mangonels, ii. 165n, 166n
Coffins, Chinese, in Tangut, i. [205], [209n]
Cogachin (Hukaji), Kúblái’s son, King of Carajan, i. [361n], ii. 76
Cogatai, i. [419]
Cogatal, a Tartar envoy to the Pope, i. [13], [15]
Coiganju (Hwaingan-fu), ii. 142, 148, 151
Coilum (Kollam, Kaulam, Quilon), kingdom of, ii. 375, 382n, 403n, 413n, 426n, 440n;
identity of meaning of name, 377n;
Church of St. George at, 377n;
modern state of, 377n;
Kúblái’s intercourse with, 378n
Coilumin, columbino, colomní, so-called Brazil-wood, ii. 375;
ginger, 375, 381n
Coins of Cilician Armenia, i. [42n];
of Mosul, [61n];
Agathocles and Pantaleon, [163n];
Seljukian with Lion and Sun, [352n];
found at Siang-Yang, ii. 169n;
King Gondophares, 357n;
Tartar heathen princes with Mahomedan and Christian formulae, 477n
Coja (Koja), Tartar envoy from Persia to the Khan, i. [32–33n], [38n]
Cold, intense, in Kerman, i. [91], [111n], [113n];
in Russia, ii. 487
“Cold Mountains,” i. [114n]
Coleridge, verses on Kúblái’s Paradise, i. [305n]
Coloman, province, ii. 122, 128n–131n
Colombino, see [Coilumin]
Colon, see [Coilum]
Colossal Buddhas, recumbent, i. [219], [221n]
Columbum, see [Coilum]
Columbus, Polo paralleled with, [3];
remarks on, [105–106]
Comania, Comanians, i. [50], ii. 382, 383n, 490, 491n
Comari, Comori (Cape Comorin, Travancore), ii. 333n, 382, 384, 385, 403n, 426n;
temple at, 383n
Combermere, Lord, prophecy applied to, ii. 149n
Comercque, Khan’s custom-house, ii. 37, 41n
Compartments, in hulls of ships, ii. 249, 251n
Compass, Mariner’s, 138
Competitive Examinations in beauty, i. [359n]
Conchi, King of the North, ii. 479
Concubines, how the Khan selects, i. [357]
Condor, its habits, ii. 417n;
Temple’s account of, 417n;
Padre Bolivar’s of the African, 420n
Condur and Sondur, ii. 276, 277n
Condux, sable or beaver, i. [410n]
Conia, Coyne (Iconium), i. [43]
Conjeveram, ii. 334n
Conjurers, the Kashmirian, i. [166], [168n];
weather-, [98], [105n], [166], [168n], [301], [309n–311n];
Lamas’ ex-feats, [315n–318n].
(See also [Sorcerers].)
Conosalmi (Kamasal), i. [99], [106n]
Constantinople, i. [2], [19n], [36], ii. 165n, 487;
Straits of, 488, 490
Convents, see [Monasteries]
Cookery, Tartar horse-, i. [264n]
Cooper, T. T., traveller on Tibetan frontier, ii. 45n, 48n, 52n, 59n, 67n
Copper, token currency of Mahomed Tughlak, i. [429n];
imported to Malabar, ii. 390;
to Cambay, 398
Coral, valued in Kashmir, Tibet, etc., i. [167], [170n], ii. 49, 52n
Corea (Kauli), i. [343], [345n]
Corn, Emperor’s store and distribution of, i. [443]
Coromandel (Maabar), see [Mabar]
Corsairs, see [Pirates]
Corte del Milione, see [Ca’ Polo]
—— Sabbionera at Venice, [27] seqq.
Cosmography, mediæval, [130]
Costus, ii. 397n
Cotan, see [Khotan]
Cotton, stuffs of, i. [44n], [45], [47n], [48n], [60], ii. 225, 228n, 361, 363n, 395, 398, 431;
at Merdin, i. [60];
in Persia, [84];
at Kashgar, [181];
Yarkand, [187];
Khotan, [188], [190n];
Pein, [191];
Bengal, ii. 115;
bushes of gigantic size, 393, 394n
Counts in Vokhan, i. [171], [173n];
at Dofar, ii. 444
Courts of Justice, at Kinsay, ii. 203
Couvade, custom of, ii. 85, 91n–95n, 596n
Cow-dung, its use in Maabar, ii. 341, 365
Cowell, Professor, i. [105n]
Cowries (porcelain shells, pig shells), used for money, etc., ii. 66, 74n, 76, 123;
procured from Locac, 276, 279n
Cralantur, its meaning(?), i. [71n]
Cramoisy (quermesis), i. [44n], [63], [65n]
Cranes, five kinds of, i. [296], [297n]
Crawford, John, ii. 277n
Cremation, i. [204], [208n], ii. 122, 132, 134n, 135, 140, 141, 151, 152, 191, 218, 221n;
in Middle Ages, ii. 133n
Cremesor, Hot Region (Garmsir), i. [75], [99n], [112n], [114n]
Çrībhõja (Çribhôdja), country, [283n]
Crocodiles, see [Alligators]
Cross, legend of the Tree of the, i. [135];
gibes against, on Nayan’s defeat, [343];
on monument at Singanfu, ii. 27n
Crossbows, ii. 78, 82n, 161n
Cruelties, Tartar, i. [151n], [265n], [266n], ii. 180n
Crusca MS. of Polo, [82], i. [18n], [38n], [85n], [297n], [358n], [384n], ii. 34n, 72n
Cubeb pepper, ii. 272, 391n
Cubits, astronomical altitude estimated by, ii. 382, 389, 392
Cublay, see [Kúblái]
Cucintana, ii. 396n
Cudgel, Tartars’ use of, i. [266], [267n], [414]
Cuiju (Kwei-chau), province, ii. 124, 127n
Cuinet, Vital, on Turkman villages, i. [44n];
on Mosul Kurds, [62n]
Cuirbouly, i. [260], [263n], ii. 78, 82n
Cuju, ii. 219, 221n, 224n
Cuncun (Han-Chung) province, ii. 31, 32n
Cunningham, General A., i. [12n], [104], [156n], [173n], [178n], [283n], [290n], ii. 357n
Cups, flying, i. [301], [314n], [349n]
Curds and Curdistan, i. [9n], [60], [62n], [83n], [84n], [85n], [102n], [143n], [145n]
Currency, copper token, in India, i. [429n];
salt, ii. 45, 54, 57n;
leather, i. [429n];
Cowrie, see [Cowries]
Currency, paper, in China, i. [423], [426n];
attempt to institute in Persia, [428n];
alluded to, ii. 124, 127, 132, 135, 138, 140, 141, 152, 154, 170, 174, 176, 178, 181, 187, 218
Current, strong south along East Coast of Africa, ii. 412, 415n
Currents, Cape of, or Corrientes, ii. 415n, 417n, 426n
Curtains, Persian, i. [66n]
Curzola Island, Genoese victory at, [6], [45] seqq.;
Polo’s galley at, [49];
map of, [50]
Curzon, Lord, i. [64n], [84n], [86n], [128n];
list of Pamirs, ii. 594n
—— Hon. R., on invention of printing, [138], [139]
Customs, Custom-houses, ii. 37, 41n, 170, 204, 215, 216
Cutch pirates, ii. 410n
Cuxstac, Kuhestec, i. [110n]
Cuy Khan (Kuyuk), i. [14n], [245], [247n]
Cycle, Chinese, i. [447], [454n]
Cynocephali, the, ii. 228n, 309, 311n
Cypresses, sacred, of the Magians, i. [131n]
Cyprus, i. [65n]
Cyrus, his use of camels in battle near Sardis, ii. 104n
Dabul, ii. 443n
Dadian, title of Georgian kings, i. [53n]
Da Gama, ii. 386n, 391n
Dagroian, kingdom of, in Sumatra, ii. 293;
probable position of, 297n
Dailiu (Tali), ii. 81n
Daïtu, Taidu, Tatu (Peking), Kúblái’s new city of Cambaluc, i. [305n], [306n], [374], [375n]
Dakiánús, city of (Camadi), i. [113n]
Dalada, tooth relique of Buddha, ii. 329n–330n
Dalai Lama, with four hands, ii. 265n
D’Alboquerque, ii. 281n, 382n, 409n, 451n
Dalivar, Dilivar, Diláwar (Lahore), a province of India, i. [99], [104n], [105n]
Dalmian, ii. 297n
Damas, i. [65n]
Damascus, i. [23n], [143];
siege of, ii. 166n
Damasks, with cheetas in them, i. [398n];
with giraffes, ii. 424n.
(See also [Patterns].)
Damghan, i. [138n], [148n]
Dancing dervishes, ii. 97n
Dancing girls, in Hindu temples, ii. 345, 351n
Dandolo, Andrea, Admiral of Venetian fleet at Curzola, [6], [46];
his captivity and suicide, [48];
funeral at Venice, [50]
D’Anghieria, Pietro Martire, [36], [120]
Dantapura, ii. 329n
Dante, number of MSS., [117];
does not allude to Polo, [118];
Convito, i. [14n]
D’Anville’s Map, i. [25n], [88n], [155n], [224n], [228n], [297n], [408n], ii. 69n, 72n, 141n
Darábjird, i. [86n]
Darah, ii. 436n
Dárápúr, i. [104n], [105n]
Dardas, stuff embroidered in gold, i. [65n]
Dariel, Pass of (Gate of the Alans), [53n], [54n]
Darius, i. [128], [138n], [151], [157];
the Golden King, ii. 17
Dark Ocean of the South, ii. 417n
Darkness, magical, i. [98], [105n], [166]
—— land of, ii. 484, 485n;
how the Tartars find their way out, 484;
the people and their peltry, 484;
Alexander’s legendary entrance into, 485;
Dumb trade of, 486n
Darráj, black partridge, its peculiar call, i. [99n]
Darúná, salt mines, i. [154n]
Darwáz, i. [160n]
Dasht, or Plain, of Bahárak, i. [156n]
Dashtáb, hot springs, i. [122n]
Dasht-i-Lut (Desert of Lút), i. [124n], [127], [128n]
Dashtistan tribe and district, i. [86n]
Dates (chronology) in Polo’s book, generally erroneous, i. [2], [17], [36], [63], [145], [238], [332], ii. 98, 114, 145, 177, 259, 267, 268, 319, 354, 428, 459, 464, 474, 494
—— (trees or fruit), Basra, [63], [65n];
Bafk, [88], [89n];
Reobarles, province, [97], [111n];
Formosa Plain, [107];
Hormos, [109], [116n];
wine of, [107], [115n];
diet of fish, etc., [107], [116n], ii. 450
Daughters of Marco Polo, [69], [71], [73], [76], ii. 506n
D’Avezac, M., i. [23n], [48n], [66n], [231n], [271n]
David, king of Abyssinia, ii. 435n, 436n
David, king of Georgia (Dawith), i. [50], [53n]
Davids, Professor T. W. Rhys, Buddhist Birth Stories, ii. 326n
Davis, Sir John F., ii. 139n, 142n, 152n, 173n, 175n, 176n, 182n
Dawaro, ii. 435n, 436n
Daya, ii. 300n, 305n
Dead, disposal of the, in Tangut, i. [205], [209n];
at Cambaluc, [414];
in Coloman, ii. 122;
in China, 133n;
in Dagroian, 293;
by the Battas, 298n
—— burning of the, see [Cremation];
eating the, see [Cannibalism]
De Barros, ii. 239n, 283n, 287n, 300n, 410n;
on Java, 274n;
Singhapura, 281n;
Janifs, 286n
Debt, singular arrest for, ii. 343, 350n
Decima, or Tithe on bequest, [71]
Decimal organisation of Tartar armies, i. [261], [264n]
Decius, Emperor, i. [113n]
Degháns, Dehgáns, i. [152n]
Dehánah, village, i. [152n]
Deh Bakri, i. [111n], [112n]
De la Croix, Pétis, i. [9n], [155n], [183n], [239n], [243n], [281n], [410n]
Delhi, Sultans of, [12], ii, 426n
D’Ely, Mount, see [Eli]
Demoiselle Crane, anthropoides virgo, i. [297n]
Deogir, ii. 426n
Derbend, Wall of, i. [53n], ii. 495.
(See also [Iron Gate of].)
Deserts, haunted, i. [197], [201n], [274]
Deserts of Kerman or of Lút, i. [123], [124n];
of Khorasan, [149];
of Charchan, [194];
Lop (Gobi), [196], [197], [198n–203n], [210], [212], [214n], [223];
Karakorum, [224], [226], [237n]
Desgodins, Abbé, ii. 57n
Despina Khatun, ii. 477n
Devadási, ii. 351n
Devapattan, ii. 400n
Devéria, G., i. [29n], [225n], [291n], ii. 60n, 63n, 70n, 89n, 108n, 122n, 124n
Devil-dancing, i. [315n], ii. 86, 97n
Devil trees, i. [136n]
Devils, White, ii. 355, 359n
D’Evreux, Father Yves, ii. 94n
Dhafar (Dofar, Thafar), ii. 340, 348n, 444;
its incense, 445;
two places of the name, 445n–446n
Dhárani, mystic charms, i. [315]
Dhúlkarnain (Alex.), see [Zulkarnain]
Dialects, Chinese, ii. 236, 243n–244n
Diamonds in India, how found, ii. 360–361;
mines of, 362n;
diffusion of legend about, ib.
“Diex Terrien,” i. [141n]
Diláwar, Polo’s Dihar, i. [104n]
Dimitri II., Thawdadebuli, king of Georgia, i. [53n]
Dínár, see [Bezant]
Dinár of Red Gold, ii. 348n, 349n
Dinh Tiên-hwàng, king of An-nam, i. [264n]
Diocletian, i. [14n]
Dioscorides insula, ii. 408n
Dir, chief town of Panjkora, i. [104n], [164n], [165n]
Dirakht-i-Fazl, i. [135n], [138n]
Dirakht-i-Kush, i. [135n]
Diráwal, ancient capital of the Bhattis, i. [104n]
Dirhem-Kub, Shah Mahomed, founder of Hormuz dynasty, i. [115n], [121n]
Dish of Sakya or of Adam, ii. 328n, 330n
Diu City, ii. 392n
Diul-Sind, Lower Sind, i. [86n]
Divination by twigs or arrows, i. [241], [242n]
Dixan, branding with cross at, ii. 433n
Dizabulus, pavilion of, i. [384n]
Dizfúl River, i. [85n]
Djao (Chao) Namian Sumé (Kaipingfu), i. [25n]
Djaya, turquoises, ii. 56n
Doctors at Kinsay, ii. 203
Dofar, see [Dhafar]
Dogana, i. [151];
conjectures as to, [152n], [156n]
Doghábah River, i. [152n]
Dog-headed races, ii. 309, 311n
Dogs, the Khan’s mastiffs, i. [400];
of Tibet, ii. 45, 49, 52n;
fierce in Cuiju, 126
Dog-sledging in Far North, ii. 480, 481n, 482;
notes on dogs, 483n
Dolfino, Ranuzzo, husband of Polo’s daughter, Moreta, [76]
Dolonnúr, i. [26n]
Dominicans, sent with Polos but turn back, i. [22], [23]
D’or plain, the expression, i. [269n]
Doráh Pass, i. [165n]
Doria, family at Meloria, [56]
—— Lampa, [6];
Admiral of Genoese Fleet sent to Adriatic, [45];
his victory, [48];
his tomb and descendants, [51];
at Meloria with six sons, [56]
—— Octaviano, death of, [48]
—— Tedisio, exploring voyage of, [51]
Dorjé, i. [360n]
D’Orléans, Prince Henri, i. [200n], [277n]
Douglas, Rev. Dr. C., ii. 232n, 237n, 240n, 241n, 244n
Doyley, Sir Fulke, ii. 166n
Dragoian (Ta-hua-Mien), ii. 297n, 306n
Draps entaillez, i. [392]
Drawers, enormous, of Badakhshan women, i. [160], [163n]
Dreams, notable, i. [305n]
Drums, sound of in certain sandy districts, [197], [202n]
Dryabalanops Camphora, ii. 303n
Dua Khan, i. [121n], ii. 459n, 462n
Du Bose, Rev. H. C., ii. 182n–184n
Ducat, or sequin, i. [426n], ii. 591n
Dudley, Arcano del Mare, ii. 266n
Duel, mode in S. India of, ii. 371
Dufour, on mediæval artillery, ii. 161n, 163n
Duhalde, Plan of Ki-chau, ii. 26n;
or T’si-ning chau, ii. 139n
Duḳuz Khatun, i. [288n]
Dulcarnon (Zulkarnain), i. [161n]
Dulites, ii. 432n
Dumas, Alexander, i. [53n]
Dumb trade, ii. 486n
Duncan, Rev. Moir, ii. 28n
Dungen (Tungăni), or converts, i. [291n]
Duplicates in geography, ii. 409n
Dupu, ii. 397n
Dürer’s Map of Venice, so-called, [29], [30]
Durga Temple, ii. 383n
Dursamand, ii. 427n
Dúsháb, sweet liquor or syrup, i. [87n]
Dust-storms, i. [105n]
Duties, on Great Kiang, ii. 170;
on goods at Kinsay and Zayton, 189, 215, 216, 235;
on horses, 438;
at Hormuz, 450.
(See also [Customs].)
Dutthagamini, king of Ceylon, i. [169n]
Dwara Samudra, ii. 294n, 367n, 427n
Dzegun-tala, name applied to Mongolia, i. [214n]
Dzungaria, i. [214n]
Eagle mark on shoulder of Georgian kings, i. [50]
Eagles, trained to kill large game, i. [397], [399n]
—— white, in the Diamond Country, ii. 360–361
Eagle-wood, origin of the name, ii. 271n.
(See [Lign-aloes].)
Earth honoured, ii. 341
East, its state, circa 1260, [8] et seqq.
Ebony (bonus), ii. 268, 272n
Edkins, Rev., ii. 199n
Edward I., [59], [62], [63], i. [21n], ii. 593n
Edward II., correspondence with Tartar princes, i. [36n], ii. 477n
Effeminacy, in Chinese palaces, ii. 17, 20n, 145, 207, 208
Eggs of Ruc and Aepyornis, ii. 416n, 417n
Egrigaia, province, i. [281], [282n]
Ela (cardamom), ii. 388n
Elchidai, ii. 471, 474n
Elenovka, i. [58n]
Elephantiasis, i. [187], [188n], ii. 350n
Elephants, Kúblái carried on a timber bartizan by four, i. [337], [404], [408n];
Kúblái’s, [391], [392n], ii. 104;
the king of Mien’s, 99;
numbers of men alleged to be carried by, 100n;
how the Tartars routed, 102;
wild, 107, 111, 117, 119n;
in Caugigu, 117;
Champa, 268, 271n;
Locac, 276, 279n;
Sumatra, 285, 289n, 290n;
Madagascar and Zanghibar, 411, 422;
trade in teeth of, ib.;
carried off by the Ruc, 412, 417n, 419n, 421n;
in Zanghibar, 422, 423;
used in war, 429, 433n–434n;
an error, 433n;
Nubian, 424n;
fable about, ib.;
not bred in Abyssinia, 431;
training of African, 434n;
war of the, ib.
Eli, Ely, Elly (Hili), kingdom of, ii. 385, 386n seqq., 403n, 426n
Elias, Ney, i. [215n], [225n], [278n], [288n], [291n], ii. 23n, 144n
Elixir vitae of the Jogis, ii. 365, 369n
Elliot, Sir Walter, i. [38n], [48n], [56n], [65n], [96n], [102n], [104n], [105n], [121n], [165n], [265n], ii. 295n, 333n, 334n, 336n, 350n, 367n, 369n, 370n, 372n, 400n, 410n, 419n
Emad, Ed-din Abu Thaher, founder of the Kurd dynasty, i. [85n]
Embroidery of silk at Kerman, i. [90], [96n];
leather in Guzerat, ii. 394, 395n
Empoli, Giovanni d’, ii. 239n
Empusa, the Arabian Nesnás, i. [202n]
Enchanters, at Socotra, ii. 407
Enchantments, of the Caraonas, i. [98].
(See also [Conjurers], [Sorcerers].)
Engano Island, legend, ii. 406n
Engineering feat, [50]
Engineers, their growing importance in Middle Ages, ii. 166n
England, Kúblái’s message to king of, i. [34];
correspondence of Tartar princes with kings of, [36n], ii. 477n
English trade and character in Asia, ii. 368n
Enlightenment, Land of, i. [460n]
Erba, poisonous plant or grass, i. [217], [218n]
Erculin, Arculin (an animal), ii. 481, 483n, 484, 487
Erdeni Tso (Erdenidsu), or Erdeni Chao Monastery, i. [228n–230n]
Eremites (Rishis), of Kashmir, i. [166], [169n]
Erguiul, province, i. [274], [282n]
Erivan, i. [58n]
Erkeun (Ye li ke un), Mongol for Christians, i. [291n]
Ermine, i. [257], [405], [410n], ii. 481, 484, 487
Erzinjan, Erzinga, Eriza (Arzinga), i. [45]
Erzrum (Arziron), i. [45], [48n]
Eschiel, the word, ii. 390n
Esher (Shehr, Es-shehr), ii. 442;
trade with India, incense, Ichthyophagi, 442, 443, 444n;
singular sheep, 443, 444n
Essentemur (Isentimur), Kúblái’s grandson, king of Carajan, ii. 64, 80n, 98
Estimo, Venetian, or forced loan, [47], [76]
Etchmiadzin Monastery, i. [61n]
Ethiopia and India, confused, ii. 432n
Ethiopian sheep, ii. 422, 424n
Etiquette of the Mongol Court, i. [382], [385n], [391], [393n], [457]
Etymologies, Balustrade, [38];
buckram, i. [47n–48n];
Avigi, [57n];
Geliz (Ghellé), [59n];
Jatolic, [61n];
muslin, [62n];
baudekins, [65n];
cramoisy, [65n];
ondanique, [93n];
zebu, [99n];
carbine, [101n];
Dulcarnon, [161n];
balas, [161n];
azure and lazuli, [162n];
None, [173n];
Mawmet and Mummery, [189n];
salamander, [216n];
berrie, [237n];
barguerlac, [272n];
S’ling, [276n], [283n];
siclatoun, [283n];
Argon, [290n];
Tungani, [291];
Guasmul, [292n];
chakór, [297n];
Jádú and Yadah, [309n–310n];
Tafur, [313n];
Bacsi, [314n];
Sensin, [321n];
P’ungyi, [325n];
carquois, [366n];
Keshikán, [380n];
vernique, [384n];
camut, borgal, shagreen, [395n];
Chinuchi or Chunichi, [401n];
Toscaol, [407n];
Bularguchi, [407n];
Fondaco, [415n];
Bailo, [421n];
comercque, ii. 41n;
porcelain, 74n;
Sangon, 138n;
Faghfur, 148n;
Manjanik, mangonel, mangle, etc., 163n–164n;
galingale, 229n;
Chini and Misri, 230n;
Satin, 241n, 242n;
eagle-wood, aloes-wood, 271n–272n;
Bonús, Calamanz, ib.;
benzoni, 286n;
china pagoda, 336n;
Pacauca, 346n;
Balánjar, a-muck, 347n–348n;
Pariah, 349n;
Govi, ib.;
Avarian, 355n–356n;
Abraiaman, 367n;
Choiach, 368n;
proques, 370n;
Tembul and Betel, 374n;
Sappan and Brazil, 380n–381n;
Balladi, ib.;
Belledi, 381n;
Indigo baccadeo, 382n;
Gatpaul, baboon, 383n–385n;
Salami cinnamon, 391n;
κώμακον, ib.;
rook (in chess), 419n;
Aranie, 462n;
Erculin and Vair, 483n;
Misḳál, 592n
—— (of Proper Names), Curd, i. [62n];
Dzungaria, [214n];
Chingintalas, ib.;
Cambuscan, [247n];
Oirad, [308n];
Kungurat, [358n];
Manzi, ii. 144n;
Bayan, 148n;
Kinsay, 193n;
Japan, 256n;
Sornau, 279n;
Narkandam, 312n;
Ceylon, 314n;
Ma’bar, 332n;
Chilaw, 337n;
Mailapúr, 359n;
Sônagarpaṭṭanam, 372n;
Punnei-Káyal, Káyal, ib.;
Kollam (Coilum), 377;
Hili (Ely), 386n;
Cambaet, 398n;
Mangla and Nebila, 405n;
Socotra, 408n;
Colesseeah, 410n;
Caligine, 439n;
Aijaruc, 463;
Nemej, 493n
—— Chinese, ii. 119n
Etzina, i. [223]
Eunuchs, i. [356];
procured from Bengal, ii. 115n
Euphrates, i. [43n];
said to flow into the Caspian, [52], [59n]
Euphratesia, i. [43n]
Euxine, see [Black Sea]
Evelyn’s Diary, i. [136n]
Execution of Princes of the Blood, mode of, i. [67n], [343], [344n]
Eyircayá, i. [281n]
Facen, Dr. J., [139]
Faghfur (Facfur, Emperor of Southern China), ii. 145;
meaning of title, 148n;
his effeminate diversions, 207;
decay of his palace, 208
Faizabad in Badakhshan, i. [156n], [163n], [173n], [175n]
Fakanúr, ii. 440n
Fakata, ii. 260n
Fakhruddin Ahmad, Prince of Hormuz, i. [121n], ii. 333n
Falconers, Kúblái’s, i. [335], [402], [407n]
Falcons, of Kerman, i. [90], [96n];
Saker and Lanner, [158], [162n];
peregrine, [269];
Kúblái’s, [402]
Famine, horrors, i. [313n]
Fanchán, P’ing-chang, title of a second class Cabinet Minister, i. [432n], ii. 179n
Fanchan Lake, ii. 29n
Fan-ching, siege of, ii. 167n
Fandaraina, ii. 386n, 391n, 440n
Fang, see [Squares]
Fansur, in Sumatra, kingdom of, ii. 299, 302n
Fansuri camphor, ii. 299, 302n
Fan Wen-hu, or Fan-bunko, a General in Japanese Expedition, 260n, 261n
Fariáb, or Pariáb, 106n
Faro of Constantinople, ii. 490
Farriers, none in S. India, ii. 340, 450
Fars, province, i. [85n], [92n], ii. 333n, 348n, 377n, 402n
Fashiyah, Atabeg dynasty, i. [85n], [86n]
Fassa, i. [86n]
Fasting days, Buddhist, i. [220], [222n]
Fattan, in Ma’bar, ii. 333n, 336n
Fatteh, ’Ali Sháh, i. [146n], [179n]
Fausto, Vettor, his Quinquereme, [33]
Fazl, Ibn Hassan (Fazluïeh-Hasunïeh), i. [86n]
Feili, Lurs dynasty, i. [84n]
Female attendants on Chinese Emperors, ii. 17, 20n, 147, 207, 208
Ferlec, in Sumatra, kingdom of (Parlák), ii. 284, 287n, 294n, 295n, 305n;
Hill people, 284, 288n
Fernandez, or Moravia, Valentine, ii. 295n
Ferrier, General, i. [68n], [100n], [106n]
Festivals, Order of the Kaan’s, i. [386], [388n]
Fiag, or Pog River, i. [54n]
Ficus Vasta, i. [129n]
Fidáwí, Ismailite adepts, i. [144n], [145n]
Filial Piety in China, i. [457], [462n]
Filippi, Professor F. de, Silk industry in Ghílán, i. [59n]
Finn, i. [122n]
Fiordelisa, daughter of younger Maffeo Polo, [17], [65]
—— supposed to be Nicolo Polo’s second wife, [17], [26], [27]
—— wife of Felice Polo, [27], [65]
Firando Island, ii. 260n
Firdús, Ismailite Castle, i. [148n]
Firdúsí, i. [93n], [130n]
Fire, affected by height of Pamir Plain, i. [171], [178n];
regulations at Kinsay, ii. 189
Fire-baptism, ascribed to Abyssinians, ii. 427, 432n
Fire-Pao (cannon?), i. [342n], ii. 596n
Fire-worship, or rockets, in Persia, i. [78], [80];
by the Sensin in Cathay, [303], [325n]
Firishta, the historian, i. [104n], [169n]
Fish miracle in Georgia, i. [52], [57n], [58n];
in the Caspian, [59n];
and date diet, [107], [116n], ii. 450;
supply at Kinsay, 202;
food for cattle, 443, 444n;
stored for man and beast, 443
Fish-oil, used for rubbing ships, i. [108], [117n]
Florin, or ducat, ii. 215, 591n
Flour (Sago), trees producing, ii. 300, 304n, 305n
Flückiger, Dr., ii. 226n
Fog, dry, i. [105n]
Fo-kien, see Fu-chau
Folin (Byzantine Empire), ii. 405n
Fondaco, i. [415n], ii. 238n
Foot-mark on Adam’s Peak, q.v.
Foot-posts in Cathay, i. [435]
Forg, i. [86n]
Formosa, Plain (Harmuza), i. [107], [115n]
Forsyth, Sir T. Douglas, i. [193n], [194n], [216n], [400n]
Fortune, R., ii. 182n, 198, 220n, 222n, 224n, 229n, 233n
Foundlings, provision for, ii. 147, 151n
Four-horned sheep, ii. 443, 444n
Fowls with hair, ii. 126, 129n
Foxes, black, ii. 479, 481n, 484, 487
Fozlán, Ibn, i. [7n], [8n], ii. 348n, 488n
Fra terre (Interior), i. [43n]
Fracastoro, Jerome, [2]
Franciscan converts, in Volga region, i. [5n], [9n], ii. 491n;
at Yang-chau, 154n;
Zayton, 237n
Francolin (darráj of the Persians), black partridge, i. [97], [99n], [107], [297n]
Frankincense, see [Incense]
Frederic II., Emperor, his account of the Tartars, i. [56n];
story of implicit obedience, [144n];
his cheetas, [398n];
his leather money, [429n];
his giraffe, ii. 424n
French, the original language of Polo’s Book, [81] seqq.;
its large diffusion in that age, [86] seqq., [122]
French Expedition up the Kamboja River, ii. 57n, 67n, 80n, 120n
Frenchmen, riding long like, ii. 78
French mission and missionaries in China, ii. 38n, 48n, 52n, 57n, 63n, 96n, 97n, 127n
Frère charnel, i. [187n]
Frere, Sir B., i. [96n], [117n], [147n], ii. 395n, 424n
Froissart, i. [17n], [42n], [68n]
Fu-chau (Fo-kien, Fuju), ii. 220n–222n, 224n, 226, 230, 231, 232n, 233n, 238n, 251n;
paper-money at, i. [428n];
wild hill people of, [225], [228n];
its identity, [232n], [238n];
language of, [243n];
tooth relique at, [330n]
Fuen (Fen) ho River, ii. 17n
Funeral rites, Chinese, in Tangut, i. [204];
of the Kaans, [246], [250n];
at Kinsay, ii. 191.
(See also [Dead].)
Fungul, city of, ii. 124, 127n
Furs, of the Northern Regions, i. [257], [405], [410n], ii. 481, 483n, 484, 487
Fusang, Mexico(?), ii. 405n
Fuyang, ii. 220n
Fuzo, see [Fu-chau]
Gabala, Bishop of, i. [231n]
Gagry, maritime defile of, i. [54n]
Gaisue, officer of Kúblái’s Mathematical Board, i. [449n]
Galeasse, Venetian gallery, [36], i. [119n]
Galingale, ii. 225, 229n, 272
Galletti, Marco, [27], ii. 512n
Galleys of the Middle Ages, war, [31] seqq.;
arrangement of rowers, [31–32];
number of oars, [32], [33];
dimensions, [33], [34];
tactics in fight, [38];
toil in rowing, ib.;
strength and cost of crew, [39];
staff of fleet, [39–40];
Joinville’s description of, [40];
customs of, [41]
Galley-slaves not usual in Middle Ages, [39]
Gambling, prohibited by Kúblái, i. [457]
Game, see [Sport]
Game Laws, Mongol, i. [396], [406], ii. 13
Game, supplied to Court of Cambaluc, i. [396], [401]
Ganapati Kings, ii. 362n
Gandar, Father, ii. 139n, 153n
Gandhára, ii. 114n, 329n, 330n;
Buddhist name for Yun-nan, ii. 73n
Ganfu, port of Kinsay, ii. 189
Ganja, gate of, i. [57n]
Gan-p’u, ii. 238n
Gantanpouhoa, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Gantûr, ii. 362n
Gardenia, fruit and dyes, ii, 226n
Gardiner’s (misprinted Gardner’s) Travels, i. [160n], [179n]
Gardner, C., ii. 196n, 198n
Garmsir, Ghermseer (Cremesor), Hot Region, i. [75n], [99n], [112n], [114n]
Garnier, Lieut. Francis (journey to Talifu), ii. 38n, 48n, 57n, 58n, 60n, 64n, 67n, 74n, 80n, 90n, 91n, 95n, 99n, 117n, 120n, 122n, 123n, 128n, 130n, 198n, 278n
Garrisons, Mongol, in Cathay and Manzi, i. [336n], ii. 190, 200n;
disliked the people, 205
Garuda, ii. 351n, 415n, 419n
Gate of Iron, ascribed to Derbend, i. [57n]
Gates, of Kaan’s palace, i. [363], [368n];
of Cambaluc, [374], [377n];
of Somnath, ii. 400–401
Gat-pauls, Gatopaul, Gatos-paulas, ii. 382, 383n, 385n
Gatto maimone, ii. 383n
Gauenispola Island, ii. 300, 307n
Gaur (Bos Gaurus, etc.), ii. 114n
Gauristan, i. [86n]
Gavraz, village, i. [45n]
Gazaria, ii. 490, 492n
Gedrosi, ii. 402n
Gelath in Imeretia, Iron Gate at, i. [57n]
Geliz, Spanish for silk dealer, i. [59n]
Genealogy of Polos, [13];
errors as given by Barbaro, etc., in, [77–78];
tabular, ii. 506n;
of House of Chinghiz, 505n
Genoa, Polo’s captivity at, [6], [48–55]
—— and Pisa, rivalry, and wars of, [41], [56] seqq.
—— and Venice, rivalry and wars of, [41] seqq.
Genoese, their growth in skill and splendour, [42];
character as seamen by poet of their own, [43];
character by old Italian author, [48];
capture of Soldaia, i. [4n];
their navigation of the Caspian, [52], [59n];
trade in box-wood, [57n];
their merchants at Tabriz, [75];
in Fo-kien, ii. 238n
Gentile Plural names converted into local singulars, i. [58n]
Geographical Text of Polo’s Book constantly quoted, its language, [83];
proofs that it is the original, [84] seqq.;
tautology, [85];
source of other texts, ib.
George (Jirjis, Yurji, Gurgán), king of Tenduc, of the time of Prester John, i. [284], [287n];
a possible descendant of, [288n], ii. 460
Georgia (Georgiana), beauty of, and its inhabitants, i. [50–53n];
their kings, [50], [52n]
Gerfalcons (Shonkár), i. [270], [273n], [299], [402], [404];
tablets engraved with, [35], [351], [355n], ii. 487
Gerini, Colonel, ii. 596n
German Follower of the Polos, ii. 159
Ghaiassuddin Balban (Asedin Soldan), Sultan of Delhi, i. [99], [104n], [105n]
Gháran country, ruby mines in, i. [161n]
Gházán (Casan) Khan of Persia, son of Arghún, i. [14n], [29n], [88n], [103n], [121n], [138n], [429n], ii. 50, 166n, 466n;
his regard for the Polos, i. [35];
marries the Lady Kukachin, [36], [38n], ii. 465n;
his mosque at Tabriz, i. [76n];
set to watch the Khorasan frontier, ii. 474, 475n;
obtains the throne, 476;
his object and accomplishments, 478n
Ghel, or Ghelan (Ghel-u-chelan), Sea of, Caspian Sea, i. [52], [58n]
Ghellé (Gílí), silk of the Gíl province, i. [52], [59n]
Ghes, or Kenn (formerly Kish or Kais), i. [63], [64n]
Ghez tree, i. [89n]
Ghiuju, ii. 219, 221n, 222n
Ghiyas ed-din, last Prince of Kurd dynasty, i. [85n]
Ghori, or Aksarai River, i. [152n]
Ghúls, goblins, i. [202n]
Ghúr, i. [102n]
Giglioli, Professor H., [51]
Gíl, or Gílán, province, i. [59n]
Gilgit, i. [160n]
Gill, Captain (River of Golden Sand), i. [408n], ii. 40n, 57n, 59n, 80n–82n, 84n, 88n, 91n, 109n, 169n, 221n
Ginao, Mt. and Hot Springs, i. [122n]
Gindanes of Herodotus, ii. 48
Ginger, ii. 22;
Shan-si, 33;
Caindu, 56;
alleged to grow in Kiangnan, 181, 183n;
Fuju, 224, 325;
Coilum, 375, 381n;
different qualities and prices of, 381n;
Ely, 385, 388n;
Malabar, 389;
Guzerat, 393
Giraffes, ii. 413, 421n, 422, 431;
mediæval notices of, 424n
Girardo, Paul, [70], ii. 511n
Girdkuh, an Ismailite fortress, its long defence, i. [146n], [148n]
Girls, consecrated to idols in India, ii. 345–346
Gittarchan, see [Astrakhan]
Glaza (Ayas, q.v.), [54]
Gleemen and jugglers, conquer Mien, ii. 110
Goa, ii. 358n, 451n
Gobernador, Straits of, ii. 281n
Goës, Benedict, [20], i. [175n], [218n]
Gog and Magog (Ung and Mungul), legend of, i. [56n], [57n];
rampart of, [57n];
country of, [285];
name suggested by Wall of China, [292n]
Gogo, ii. 398n
Goître at Yarkand, i. [187], [188n]
Golconda diamond mines, ii. 362n
Gold, Frankincense, and Myrrh, their mystic meaning, i. [79], [81n]
Gold dust in Tibet, ii. 49, 52n;
exchanged for salt in Caindu, 54, 57n;
Brius River, 56;
in Kin-shia-Kiang, 72n;
and nuggets in Carajan, 76;
abundant in Yun-nan, 95n, 106;
Caugigu, 116;
Coloman, 123;
infinite in Chipangu, 253, 256;
in Sea of Chin Islands, 264;
dust in Gulf of Cheinan Islands, 266;
not found in Java, 274n;
in Locac, 276;
the Malayo-Siamese territories, 179n;
Sumatra, 284, 287n;
vast accumulations in South India, [12], ii. 340, 348n;
imported into Malabar, 390;
and into Cambay, 398;
purchased in Socotra, 407
Gold and silver towers of Mien, ii. 110
—— cloths of, i. [41], [50], [60], [63], [65n], [75], [84], [285], [387], ii. 23.
(See [Silk] and [Gold].)
—— of the Gryphons in Herodotus, ii. 419n
—— Teeth (Zardandan), Western Yunnan, ii. 84, 88n–91n
—— to silver, relative value of, i. [426n], ii. 95n, 256n, 591n
Golden King and Prester John, tale of the, ii. 17–22
—— Island, ii. 174n, 175, 176n, 310n
—— Horde (kings of the Ponent), ii. 486n, 492n
Golfo, Indigo di, ii. 382n
Gomispola, Gomispoda, see [Gauenispola]
Gomushtapah, Wall of, i. [57n]
Gomuti palm, ii. 297n
Gondophares, a king in the St. Thomas legends, ii. 357n
Gordon’s “Ever Victorious Army,” ii. 179n
Gordun Sháh, i. [120n]
Göring, F., i. [74n]
Goriosan, ii. 260n
Gor Khar, wild ass, i. [89n]
Goshawks, i. [50], [57n], [96n], [252], [402];
black, ii. 285, 345
Gothia (Crimean), ii. 490;
its limit and language, 492n
Govy, a low caste in Maabar, ii. 341, 349n, 355
Goza, i. [38n]
Gozurat, see [Guzerat]
Grail, Buddhist parallel to the Holy, ii. 328n, 330n
Granaries, Imperial, i. [443]
Grapes in Shan-si, ii. 13, 15n, 16n
Grass-cloths, ii. 127n
Grasso, Donato, 25
Great Bear (Meistre), ii. 292, 296n;
and Little, force of, and application of these epithets, 286n
Great, or Greater Sea (Black Sea), i. [3n], ii. 487, 488, 490
Greece, Bactria’s relation to, i. [160n]
Greek fire, [38], ii. 165n
Greeks, in Turcomania, i. [43];
and Greek tongue in Socotra, ii. 408n, 409n;
possible relic of, 410n
Green, Rev. D. D., ii. 193n
—— Island, legendary, ii. 381n
—— Islands, ii. 417n
—— Mount, Cambaluc, i. [365], [370n]
—— R., see [Ts’ien-T’ang]
Gregorieff, his excavations at Sarai, i. [6n]
Gregory X., Pope, see [Theobald of Piacenza]
Grenard, i. [189n], [190n], [193n], [195n], [200n], [203n], [276n], [310n], [324n], [409n], ii. 5n, 27n
Grioni, Zanino, ii. 517n
Griut (kurut), sour-curd, i. [265n]
Groat, Venetian grosso, i. [424], [426n], ii. 22, 66, 153, 181, 201, 225, 236, 354, 591n
Groot, Professor, J. J. M. de, i. [209n], [251n], [268n], ii. 135n
Grote, Arthur, ii. 444n
Grueber and Dorville, Jesuit travellers, i. [276n]
Grus, cinerea, antigone, leucogeranus, monachus, i. [297n]
Gryphon, see [Ruc]
Guasmul (Basmul), half-breeds, i. [284], [292n]
Guchluk, i. [161n]
Gudar (village), i. [113n]
Gudderi, musk animals, Tibet, ii. 45, 49n
Gudran, i. [126n]
Guebers, the, i. [88n], [96n]
Gujáh, Hulákú’s chief secretary, i. [33n]
Gugal, bdellum, ii. 397n
Guilds of craftsmen at Kinsay, ii. 186
—— Venetian, [72]
Guinea-fowl, ii. 431, 437n
Guions, a quasi-Tibetan tribe, ii. 60n
Gumish-Khának, silver mines, i. [49n]
Gunpowder, [138]
Gurgán, a Tartar chief, ii. 474n
Gurgán, son-in-law, a title, i. [288n]
Gur-Khan of Karacathay, i. [233n]
Gutturals, Mongol elision of, i. [8n], [64n]
Guz = 100, i. [261], [263n]
Guzerat (Gozurat), ii. 389, 390, 392, 394n;
products, mediæval architecture and dress, 393;
work, 393–394, 395n
Haast, Dr., discovers a fossil Ruc, ii. 417n
Habíb-ullah of Khotan, i. [189n]
Habsh (Abash), see [Abyssinia]
Hadhramaut (Sessania Adrumetorum), i. [82n]
Hadiah, ii. 436n
Haffer, ii. 445n
Hai-nan, Gulf of, ii. 266n
—— language of, ii. 244n
Hairy men in Sumatra, ii. 301n
Hajji Mahomed, i. [211n], [221n]
Hakeddin, ii. 436n
Half-breeds, see [Argons]
Hamd Allah Mastaufi, the geographer, i. [76n], [81n], [84n], [92n], [135n]
Hamilton, Captain Alexander, i. [106n], [122n]
Hammer-Purgstall on Marco Polo, [115]
Hamúm Arabs, ii. 443n
Hamza of Ispahan, i. [101n]
Hamza Pantsúri, or Fantsúri, ii. 303n
Hanbury, D., ii. 183n, 226n, 229n
Han-chung (Cuncun), ii. 31, 32n, 34n, 35n
Hang-chau fu, see [Kinsay]
Han dynasty, i. [193n], [347n], ii. 32n, 35n, 70n
—— River, ii. 34n, 35n, 149n, 167n
Hanjám, i. [115n]
Han-kau, ii. 183n
Hansi, ii. 427n
Han Yü, ii. 81n
Harám, i. [141n]
Harhaura, W. Panjáb, i. [104n]
Harlez, Mgr. de, i. [305n]
Harmozeia, i. [114n]
Harpagornis, fossil Ruc, ii. 417n
Harran, i. [23n]
Harshadeva, king of Kashmir, i. [169n]
Harsuddi, temple of, ii. 349n
Haru, or Aru, ii. 303n
Hashíshín, see [Assassins]
Hásik, ii. 444n
Hassán Kalá, hot springs at, i. [47n]
Hassan, son of Sabah, founder of the Ismailites, i. [141n]
Hastings, Warren, letter of, i. [57n]
Hatan, rebellion of, i. [346n]
Haunted deserts, i. [197], [201n], [274]
Havret, Father H., ii. 155n, 212n
Hawáríy (Avarian), the term, ii. 356n
Hawks, hawking in Georgia, i. [50], [57n];
Yezd and Kerman, [88], [90], [96n];
Badakhshan, [158], [162n];
Etzina, [223];
among the Tartars, [252];
on shores and islands of Northern Ocean, [269], [273n];
Kúblái’s sport at Chagannor, [296];
in mew at Chandu, [299];
trained eagles, [397], [399n];
Kúblái’s establishment of, [402], [403], [407n], ii. 13;
in Tibet, 50;
Sumatra, 285;
Maabar, 345
Hayton I. (Hethum), king of Lesser Armenia, [11], i. [25n], [42n], ii. 592n;
his autograph, [13]
Hazáras, the, Mongol origin of, i. [102n];
lax custom ascribed to, [212n], ii. 56n
Hazbana, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n
Heat, great at Hormuz, i. [108], [109], [119n], ii. 452;
in India, 343, 375–376
Heaven, City of (Kinsay), ii. 182, 184n, 185, 203
Hedin, Dr. Sven, i. [188n], [190n], [193n], [198n], [203n], [225n], [276n]
Heibak, caves at, i. [156n]
Height, effects on fire of great, i. [171], [178n]
Heikel, Professor Axel, on Buddhist monasteries in the Orkhon, i. [228n]
Hei-shui (Mongol Etsina) River, i. [225n]
Hel, Ela (Cardamom), ii. 388n
Helena, Empress, i. [82n]
Helli, see [Eli]
He-lung Kiang, ii. 35n
Hemp of Kwei-chau, ii. 127
Henry II., Duke of Silesia, ii. 493n
Henry III., i. [27n], [56n]
Heraclius, Emperor, said to have loosed the shut-up nations, i. [56n]
Herat, i. [150n], ii. 402n
Hereditary trades, ii. 186, 196n
Hereford, Map, [132], i. [134n]
Hermenia, see [Armenia]
Hermits of Kashmir, i. [166], [169n]
Herodotus, i. [135n], ii. 104n, 109n
Hethum, see [Hayton]
Hiai- or Kiai-chau (Caichu?), ii. 19n
Hides, ii. 398.
(See [Leather].)
Hili, Hili-Marawi, see [Ely]
Hill-people of Fo-kien, wild, ii. 225, 228n
Hinaur, see [Hunáwar]
Hind, ii. 402n
Hindu character, remarks on frequent eulogy of, ii. 367
—— Kush, i. [104n], [164n], [165n], ii. 594n
Hindus, their steel and iron, i. [93n]
—— in Java, ii. 283n
Hing-hwa, language of, ii. 244n
Hippopotamus’ teeth, ii. 413, 421n
Hips, admiration of large, i. [160]
Hirth, Dr. F., ii. 27n, 28n, 89n, 194n, 199n
Hiuan-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n
Hiuen Tsang, Dr., a Buddhist monk, i. [164n–165n], [169n], [174n], [189n–193n], [197n], [202n], [221n], [222n], [306n], [446n], ii. 28n, 60n, 594n, 595n
Hochau, in Sze-chwan, Mangku Khan’s death at, i. [245n]
—— in Kansuh, ii. 29n
Hochung-fu (Cachanfu), ii. 25n
Hodgson, Mr., ii. 116n
Hoernle, Dr., i. [190n]
Hojos, ii. 262n
Hokien-fu (Cacanfu), ii. 133n
Hokow, or Hokeu, ii. 224n
Holcombe, Rev. C., on Hwai-lu, ii. 15n;
on Yellow River, 23n;
on Pia-chau fu, 25n;
on road from T’ung-kwan to Si-ngan fu, 27n
Hollingworth, H. G., ii. 144n
Holy Sepulchre, ii. 429;
oil from lamp of, i. [14], [19], [26]
Homeritae, ii. 432n
Homi-cheu, or Ngo-ning, ii. 122n, 128n, 129n, 131n
Homme, its technical use, i. [27n], [342n]
Hondius map, i. [102n]
Ho-nhi, or Ngo-ning (Anin) tribe, ii. 120n, 121n.
(See [Homi-cheu].)
Hooker, Sir Joseph, on bamboo explosion, ii. 46n
Horiad (Oirad, or Uirad) tribe, i. [300], [308n]
Hormuz (Hormos, Curmosa), i. [83], [107], [110n], ii. 340, 348n, 370, 402n, 449, 451;
trade with India, a sickly place, the people’s diet, i. [107], ii. 450;
ships, 108;
great heat and fatal wind, 108, 109, 119n, 119n;
crops, mourning customs, i. [109];
the king of, [110];
another road to Kerman from, [110], [122n];
route from Kerman to, [110n];
site of the old city, ib.;
foundation of, [115n];
history of, [120n];
merchants, ii. 340;
horses exported to India from, 348n;
the Melik of, 449, 450, 451
—— Island, or Jerun, i. [110n], [111n], ii. 451n;
Organa of Arian, i. [115n], [121n]
Hormuzdia, i. [111n]
Horns of Ovis Poli, i. [171], [176n]
Horoscopes, in China, i. [447], ii. 191;
in Maabar, 344
Horse-posts and Post-houses, i. [433], [437n]
Horses, Turkish, i. [43], [44n];
Persian, [83], [86n];
of Badakhshan, strain of Bucephalus, [158], [162n];
sacrificed at Kaans’ tombs, [246];
Tartar, [260], [264n];
and white mares, [300], [308n];
presented to Kaan on New Year’s Day, [390];
of Carajan, ii. 64, 78, 81n;
their tails docked, 82n;
of Anin, 119;
tracking by, 174n;
decorated with Yaks’ tails, 355;
now bred in S. India, 340, 342, 348n, 350n, 438, 450
—— great trade and prices in importing to India from Persia, i. [83], [86n];
modes of shipment, [108], [117n];
from Carajan, ii. 78;
from Anin, 119;
from Kis, Hormuz, Dofar, Soer, and Aden, 340, 348n, 370, 395, 438;
Esher, 442;
Dofar, 444;
Calatu, 450, 451n
—— duty on, 438;
captured by pirates, 395;
their extraordinary treatment and diet in India, 340, 345, 348n–349n, 351n, 450
Horse-stealing, Tartar laws v., i. [266]
Hosie, A., ii. 131n;
on Ch’êng-tu, 40n;
brine-wells of Pai-yen-ching, 58n;
on the Si-fan, 60n, 61n;
on Caindu Lake, 72n
Hospitals, Buddhist, i. [446n]
Hostelries, at Cambaluc, i. [412];
on the Cathay post-roads, [434], ii. 32n;
at Kinsay, [193]
Hot springs in Armenia, i. [45], [46n];
near Hormuz, [110], [122n]
Hounds, Masters of Kaan’s, i. [400–401n]
Hours, struck from Cambaluc bell-tower, i. [373], [414];
at Kinsay, ii. 188;
unlucky, 364, 368n;
canonical, 368n, 369n
Hsi Hsia dynasty, i. [205n]
Hsiang-Chên, Hsiang, wood, ii. 301n
Hu-chau fu (Vuju), ii. 184n
Hui-hui, white and black capped, two Mohammedan sects, ii. 30n,
Hukaji (Hogáchi, Cogachin), Kúblái’s son, i. [361n], ii. 76, 80n
Hukwan-hien, ii. 230n
Hulákú Khan (Alau, Alacon), Kúblái’s brother, and founder of Mongol dynasty in Persia, [10], i. [5], [10], [61n], [64n], [334n];
war with Barka Khan, [8n], [103n];
takes Baghdad and puts Khalif to death, [63], [66n], [85n], [86n];
the Ismailites and the Old Man, [145], [245], [247n]
—— his treachery, ii. 181n;
his descendants, 477;
battle with Barca, 494;
his followers, 495
Hullukluk, village, near Sivas, i. [45n]
Human fat, used for combustion in war, ii. 180n
—— sacrifices, i. [208n]
Humáyún, Emperor, i. [155n], [277n]
Humboldt, [106], [107], [110], [120], i. [178n]
Hunáwar (Onore, Hinaur), ii. 390n, 440n
Hundred Eyes, prophecy of the, ii. 145, 146, 149n
Hundwáníy (ondanique), Indian steel, i. [93n]
Hungary, Hungarians, ii. 286n, 492n
Hung Hao, Chinese author, i. [212n]
Hun-ho (Sanghin River), ii. 5n, 6n
Hunting equipment and Expedition, Kúblái’s, i. [397], [398n], [404];
Kang-hi’s, [407n]
—— preserves, ii. 13.
(See also [Sport].)
Hutton, Captain, i. [100n]
Hwa-chau, ii. 29n
Hwai-lu, or Hwo-lu-h’ien (Khavailu), the Birmingham of N. Shansi, ii. 15n
Hwai-ngan-fu (Coiganju), ii. 152n
Hwai River, ii. 143n, 152n
Hwang-ho (Yellow River), i. [245n], [282n], [286n], ii. 23n, 25n, 27n;
changes in its courses, 137n, 142n, 143n;
its embankments, 143n
Hwan-ho, ii. 6n
Hyena, i. [378n]
Hyrcania, king of, i. [57n]
Iabadiu, ii. 286n
Ibn-al-Furāt, i. [67n]
Ibn Batuta (Moorish traveller, circa A.D. 1330–1350), i. [4n–9n], [37n], [44n], [46n], [65n], [75n], [76n], [85n], [101n], [110n], [111n], [116n], [120n], [148n], [150n], [151n], [161n], [165n], [202n], [247n], [294n], [346n], [396n–410n], ii. 116n, 163n, 214n, 282n, 286n, 312n, 322n, 337n, 346n, 380n, 391n, 413n; 440n; 444n, 445n; 465n;
his account of Chinese juggling, i. [316n];
his account of Khansa (Kinsay), [214n];
of Zayton, [238n];
in Sumatra, [289n], [294n];
on Camphor, [303n];
in Ceylon, [315n], [322n], [337n];
at Kaulam, [377n], [380n];
in Malabar, [391n];
sees Rukh, [419n];
his account of Maldives, [425n];
dog-sledges, ii. 481n, 483n;
Market in Land of Darkness, 486n;
on Silver Mines of Russia, 488n
Ibn Fozlán, see [Fozlán]
Ichin-hien, ii. 154n, 168n, 173n
Ichthyophagous cattle and people, ii. 442, 443, 444n
Icon Amlac, king of Abyssinia, ii. 434n–436n
Iconium (Kuniyah, Conia), i. [43], [44n]
Idolatry (Buddhism) and Idolaters, in Kashmir, i. [166], [168n];
their decalogue, [167], [170n];
Pashai, [172];
Tangut, [203], [207n];
Kamul, [210];
Kanchau, [219], [221n];
Chingintalas, [212];
Suhchau, [217];
Etzina, their fasting days, [220], [222n], [223];
Tartars and Cathayans, [263], [343], [445], [456];
Erguiul, [274];
Egrigaia, [281];
Tenduc, [284], [285];
Chandu, [300–303];
at Kúblái’s birthday feast, [387];
Cachanfu, ii. 23;
Kenjanfu, 24;
Acbalec Manzi, 33;
Sindafu, 37;
Tibet, 45, 49;
Caindu, 53;
Yachi, 66;
Carajan, 76;
Zardandan, 84;
Mien, 109;
Caugigu, 116;
Coloman, 122;
Cuiju, 124;
Cacanfu, 132;
Chinangli, 135;
Sinjumatu, 138;
Coiganju, 151;
Paukin, 152;
Tiju, 153;
Nanghin, 157;
Chinghianfu, 176;
Tanpiju, 218;
Chipangu, 253;
Chamba, 266;
Sumatra, 284, 292, 299;
Nicobars, 306;
Mutfili, 360;
Coilum, 375;
Eli, 385;
Malabar, 389;
Tana, 395;
Cambaet, 397;
Semenat, 398;
Far North, 479
—— Origin of, ii. 318, 319;
of Brahmans, 364;
of Jogis, 365
Idols, Tartar, i. [257], [258n], [456], ii. 479;
Tangut, 203–207n;
colossal, 219, 221n;
of Cathay, 263;
of Bacsi or Lamas, 302;
of Sensin, 303, 323n–326n;
of East generally, 263, 265n;
in India, 340, 345
Ιερόδουλοι, ii. 351n
Ieu, Gnostics of, ii. 321n
Ifat, Aufat, ii. 435n
Ig, Ij, or Irej, capital of the Shawánkárs, i. [86]
Igba Zion, Iakba Siun, king of Abyssinia, ii. 435n
Ilchi, commissioner, i. [30n]
Ilchi, modern capital of Khotan, i. [189n], [190n]
Ilchigadai Khan, i. [186n]
Ilija, hot springs at, i. [47n]
Ilkhan, the title, [10]
Ilyáts, nomads of Persia, i. [85]
Imáms of the Ismailites, i. [146n]
Im Thurn, Everard, on Couvade, ii. 94n
Incense, Sumatran, ii. 286;
brown in West India, 395, 396n;
white (i.e. frankincense), in Arabia, 396n, 442, 443n, 445, 446n–449n
India, [12], i. [1], [107], [109], [167], [414], ii. 76, 78, 107, 115, 119, 236, 249;
horse trade to, i. [83], [86n];
trade to Manzi or China from, ii. 190, 216, 390, 395;
believed to breed no horses, 340, 342, 438, 450;
trade with Persia and Arabia, 370;
western limits of, 401, 402n;
islands of, 423, 425n;
division of, 424;
sundry lists of States, 426n–427n;
trade with Aden and Egypt, 438;
with Arabian ports, 442, 444, 450;
confusion of Ethiopia and, 432n
India, the Greater, ii. 331 seqq., 401, 424
—— its extent, ii. 425n, 426n
—— the Lesser, ii. 424, 425n–426n
—— Middle (Abyssinia), ii. 423, 427
—— remarks on this title, ii. 431n
—— Maxima, ii. 426n
—— Tertia, ii. 425n
—— Superior, ii. 426n
—— Sea of, i. [35], [63], [108], [166], ii. 265, 424
Indian drugs to prolong life, ii. 370n
—— geography, dislocation of Polo’s, ii. 377n, 390n, 396n, 403n, 426n
—— nuts, see [Coco-nut]
—— steel (ondanique), i. [93n]
Indies, the Three, and their distribution, ii. 424, 426n
Indifference, religious, of Mongol Emperors, i. [14n], [349n]
Indigo, mode of manufacture at Coilum, ii. 375, 381n, 382n;
in Guzerat, 393;
Cambay, 398;
prohibited by London Painters’ Guild, 382n
Indo-China, ii. 426n
Indragiri River, ii. 283n
Infants, exposure of, ii. 147, 151n
Ingushes of Caucasus, i. [268n]
Innocent IV., Pope, i. [62n]
Inscription, Jewish, at Kaifungfu, i. [346n]
Insult, mode of, in South India, ii. 371
Intramural interment prohibited, i. [414]
Invulnerability, devices for, ii. 259, 263n
’Irák, i. [74], [84n], [86n], [145n]
Irghai, i. [281n]
Irish, accused of eating their dead kin, ii. 298n
—— M.S. version of Polo’s Book, [102–103]
Iron, in Kerman, i. [90], [92n], [93n], [94n];
in Cobinan, [125]
Iron Gate (Derbend Pass), said to have been built by Alexander, i. [53n], [54n];
gate ascribed to, [57n], ii. 494
Irtish River, ii. 493n
Isaac, king of Abyssinia, ii. 432n, 433n
Isabel, queen of Little Armenia, i. [42n]
Isabeni, ii. 432n
Isentemur (Sentemur, Essentemur), Kúblái’s grandson, ii. 64, 80n
Ish, the prefix, i. [156n]
’Ishin, i. [119n]
Ish-Káshm, i. [156n], [172n];
dialect, [160n], [173n]
Iskandar, Shah of Malacca, ii. 282n
Islands, of the Indian Sea, ii. 249, 424, 426n;
of China, 251, 264;
in the Gulf of Cheinan, 266n;
Male and Female, 404 seqq.
Isle d’Orléans, ii. 277n
Isle of Rubies (Ceylon), ii. 314n
Ismaïl, Shah of Persia, i. [61n]
Ismailites, see [Assassins]
Ispahan (Istanit, Istan, Spaan), kingdom of Persia, i. [83n], [85n]
Israel in China, see [Jews]
Iteration, wearisome, ii. 133n
I-tsing, ii. 283n
Ivongo, ii. 414n
Ivory trade, ii. 423, 424n
’Izzuddín Muzaffar, suggests paper-money in Persia, i. [428n], [429n]
Jacinth, ii. 362n
Jacobite Christians, at Mosul, i. [46], [60], [61n], ii. 409n, 432n–433n;
at Tauris, i. [75], [77n];
Yarkand, [187];
perhaps in China, [291n]
Jacobs, Joseph, Barlaam and Josaphat, ii. 327n
Jadah, or Yadah-Tásh, i. [309n]
Jade stone (jasper) of Khotan, i. [191], [193n], [194]
Jaeschke, Rev. H. A., i. [209n], [243n], [314n], [324n]
Jaffa, Count of, his galley, [40], [49]
Jaipál, Raja, ii. 346n
Jájnagar, ii. 427n
Jaláluddín of Khwarizm, i. [91n], [236n]
Jamáluddín-al-Thaibi, Lord of Kais, i. [65n], ii. 333n, 348n
Jamáluddin, envoy from Ma’bar to Khanbaligh, ii. 337n
Jambi River, ii. 283n
James of Aragon, king, i. [273n], ii. 163n
Jámisfulah (Gauenispola), ii. 307n
Jamúi Khátún, Kúblái’s favourite Queen, her kindness to the captured Chinese princesses, i. [38n], [358n], ii. 151n
Jangama sect, ii. 370n
Janibeg, Khan of Sarai, i. [6n], [264n], [352n]
Japan, see [Chipangu]
Japanese paper-money, i. [428n]
Jaroslawl, ii. 489n
Jase, stitched vessel, i. [117n]
Jaspar (Gaspar), one of the Magi, i. [78], [82n]
Jasper and chalcedony, i. [191], [193n]
Jatolic, Játhalík, Jaselic, Gáthalík (καθολικός), i. [60], [61n]
Jauchau, ii. 243n
Jaúzgún, former captain of Badakhshan, i. [156n]
Java, the Great, [13];
described, ii. 272;
circuit, empires in, 275n;
Kúblái’s expedition against, ib.
Java, the Greater and Lesser, meaning of these terms, ii. 286n
Java, the Less, see [Sumatra]
Jawa, Jáwi, applied by Arabs to islands and products of the Archipelago generally, ii. 286n
Jaya-Sinhavarman II., king of Champa, ii. 271n
Jazirah, i. [61n]
Jehangir (Jehan, Shah), i. [168n]
Jenkinson, Anthony, i. [9n], [218n]
Jerún (Zarun), island, site of the later Hormuz, i. [110n], [111n], [115n], [121n]
Jerusalem, [130], i. [19]
Jesuit maps, i. [408n]
Jesujabus, Nestorian Patriarch, ii. 377n, 409n
Jews, their test of Mahommed’s prophetic character, i. [56n];
shut up by Alexander, ib.;
their connection with the Tartars, [57n];
in China, their inscription at Kaifungfu, [343], [346n], [347n];
in Coilum, ii. 375;
in Abyssinia, 427, 431n, 434n
Jibal, i. [81n]
—— Naḳús, or “Hill of the Bell,” Sinai desert, i. [202n]
Jibal-ul-Thabúl, “Hill of Drums,” near Mecca, i. [202n]
Jíruft, i. [92n], [106n], [111n], [112n]
Jogis (Chughi), ii. 365, 369n
John XXII., Pope, i. [4n], [5n], [186n]
Johnson, his visit to Khotan, i. [189n], [190n], [192n], [195n], [198n]
Johnston, Keith, i. [81n], ii. 67n
Johore, Sultan of, ii. 281n, 282n
Jon (Jihon, or Oxus) River, ii. 458, 466
Jordanus, Friar, i. [37n]
Jor-fattan (Baliapatan), ii. 386n
Josephus, i. [49n], [57n], [66n]
Jubb River, ii. 424n
Judi, Mount, i. [62n]
Jugglers, at Khan’s feasts, i. [383], [386n], [392];
and gleemen conquer Mien, ii. 110, 114n
Juggling extraordinary, i. [316n], [318] et seq.
Juji, eldest son of Chinghiz, [10], i. [5n], [239n]
Juju (Cho-chau), ii. 10, 11n, 127, 131n
Julman, ii. 485n
Junghuhu, on Batta cannibalism, ii. 288n;
on camphor trees, 303n
Junks, ii. 252n, 333n.
(See also [Ships].)
Jupár, i. [113n]
Justice, administration of Tartar, i. [266]
Justinian, Emperor, i. [49n]
Juzgána (Dogana), i. [152n]
Kaan, and Khan, the titles, [10]
Kaan, the Great, see [Kúblái]
Kaans, the series of, and their burial place, i. [245], [247n–250n];
massacre of all met by funeral party, [246], [250n]
Kabul, i. [104n], [165n], ii. 402n
Kachkár (Ovis Vignei), wild sheep, i. [158], [163n]
Kadapah, ii. 362n
Kafchi-kúe, ii. 128n
Káfirs of Hindu Kush, i. [165n];
their wine, [87n], [155n]
Kahgyur, Tibetan Scripture, ii. 347n
Kahn-i-Panchur, i. [106n]
Kaidu (Caidu) Khan, Kúblái’s cousin and life-long opponent, [11], i. [183], [186n], [187], [214n], ii. 148n;
plots with Nayan, i. [333], [334n], [348];
his differences with Kúblái, ii. 457;
and constant aggressions, 457–458;
his death, 459n;
his victorious expedition v. Kúblái, 459;
Kúblái’s resentment, 463;
his daughter’s valour, 463 seqq., 465n;
sends a host v. Abaga, 467
Kaifung-fu, Jews and their synagogues there, i. [346n], [347n];
siege of, ii. 158n
Kaikhatu (Kiacatu), Khan of Persia, seizes throne, i. [35], [38n];
his paper-money scheme, [428n];
his death, [428], ii. 475;
his dissolute character, i. [91n], ii. 475
Kaïkhosru I. and III., Seljukian dynasty, i. [44n]
Kaïkobad I. and III., i. [44n]
Kaikus, Izz ed-din, i. [44n]
Káil, see [Cail]
Kaïn (Gháín), a city of Persia, i. [86n], [124n], [141n]
Kaipingfu (Keibung, Kaiminfu, Kemenfu), i. [25], [227n], [304n], [306n]
Kairat-ul-Arab, i. [112n]
Kais, see [Kish]
Kaisaríya (Caesaræa, Casaria), i. [43], [44n], [49n]
Kajjala, or Khajlak, a Mongol leader, i. [104n]
Kakateya, dynasty, ii. 362n
Kakhyens, Kachyens, tribe in Western Yun-nan, ii. 74n, 82n, 90n, 120n
Ḳakula, ii. 279n
Kala’ Atishparastán (Cala Ataperistan), “The Castle of the Fire-Worshippers”), i. [78], [82n]
Kala’ Safed, i. [85n]
Kalaján (Calachan), i. [281], [282n]
Kalámúr, ii. 427n
Kalantan, ii. 279n
Ḳalchi, Ḳalaḳchi, i. [380n]
Kales Devar, king of Ma’bar, ii. 333n, 335n;
his enormous wealth, 333n
Kalgan, or Chang-kia-keu, i. [295n]
Kalhát (Kalhátú, Calatu, Calaiate), i. [120n], ii. 348n;
described, 449–450, 451n;
idiom of, 451n
Kalidása, the poet, on the Yak, i. [278n]
Kalikut, ii. 386n, 391n, 440n
Ḳálín, marriage prices, i. [256n], [392n]
Kalinga, ii. 329n, 330n
Kalinjar, ii. 426n
Kalmia angustifolia, poisonous, i. [219n]
Kamál Malik, i. [68n]
Ḳamárah, Ḳomar, ii. 279n
Kamasal (Conosalmi), Kahn-i-asal, “The honey canal,” i. [99], [106n]
Kambala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. [361n]
Kambáyat (Cambay), ii. 398n
Kamboja (Chinla), ii. 134n, 278n, 374n
Kampar, district and River, Buddhist ruins, ii. 283n
Kamul (Komal, Camul), the Mongol Khamil, Chinese Hami, i. [209], [211n], [214n]
Kanát, or Kárez, underground stream, i. [123], [124n]
Kanát-ul-Shám (Conosalmi), i. [106n]
Kanauj, ii. 427n
Kanbalu Island, ii. 414n
Kanchau (Campichu), i. [219], [220n]
Kandahár, Kandar, Gandhára, ii. 72n, 73n, 329n, 402n
Kandy, ii. 328n
Kanerkes, or Kanishka, king, i. [168n];
coins of, [173n]
Kang-hi, Emperor, i. [251n], [407n], ii. 8n, 182n
Kank, i. [194n], [195n]
Kanp’u (Ganpu), old Port of Hang-chau, ii. 198n, 199n
Kansan, see [Shen-si]
Kansuh, i. [206n], [220n]
Kao Hoshang, i. [422n]
Kao-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n
Kao-yu (Cayu), ii. 153n
Kapilavastu, ii. 322n
Kapukada, Capucate, ii. 380n
Ḳarábughá, Carabya, Calabra, a military engine, ii. 168n
Kará Hulun, ii. 485n
Karájáng (Carajan, or Yun-nan), ii. 64, 67n, 72n, 73n, 80n
Karákásh (“black jade”) River, i. [193n]
Karákhitaian Empire, i. [231n]
—— Princes of Kerman, i. [91n]
Kará Khoja, i. [214n]
Karakorum (Caracoron), i. [66n], [226], [227n], [269], ii. 460
Kara Kumiz, special kind of Kumiz, i. [259n]
Karámúren (Caramoran) River, Mongol name for the Hwang-ho, or Yellow River, i. [245n], [282n], [286n], ii. 22, 23n
Karana, meaning of, i. [101n]
Karáni (vulgo Cranny), i. [101n]
Karanút, a Mongol sept, i, [101n]
Ḳaraún Jidun, or Khidun, i. [101n]
Karaunahs (Caraonas), a robber tribe, i. [98], [101n], [121n]
Karavat, an instrument for self-decollation, ii. 349n
Karens, ii. 74n
Karmathian, heretics, i. [187n]
Karnúl, ii. 362n
Karráh, ii. 427n
Karra-Mánikpúr, i. [86n]
Kartazōnon, Karkaddan, rhinoceros, ii. 291n
Kaṣaidi Arabs, ii. 443n
Kash, jade, i. [193n]
Kashan, i. [81n]
Káshgar (Cascar), i. [180], [182n];
Chankans of, [193n], ii. 594n
Kashísh (Casses), i. [70n], ii. 409n
Kashmír (Keshimur), 104n, 164n, 166;
Buddhism, 166, 168n;
beauty of the women, 166, 169n;
conjurers, 166, 168n;
the language of, 168n;
sorcery in, ii. 593
Kashmiris, i. [76n], [166]
Kasia, people and hills, ii. 59n
Kasyapa Buddha, ii. 356n
Kataghan, breed of horses, i. [162n]
Ḳaṭar pirates, ii. 409n
Kátif, ii. 348n
Kattiawár, ii. 395n;
pirates, 400n
Kaulam, see [Coilum]
Kaulam-Malé, ii. 377n
Kauli (Cauly), Corea, i. [343], [345n]
Kaunchi (Conchi), Khan, ii. 479, 481n
Káveripattanam, ii. 335n
Káveri River, delta of, ii. 335n
Kavir, saline swamp, i. [124n]
Kavváyi, ii. 388n
Káyal, Káil, see [Cail]
—— Pattanam, ii. 372n
—— Punnei-, ii. 372n
Kayten, ii. 234n
Kazan, i. [6n], [7n]
Kazáwinah, i. [101n]
Kazbek, i. [54n]
Kazvín (Casvin), i. [83], [84n], [101n], [141n]
Keary, C. F., i. [429n]
Kebteul, night-watch, i. [381n]
Kehran, ii. 426n
Keiaz tribe, i. [179n]
Keibung (Kaipingfu), i. [25], [227n], [304n], [306n]
Kelinfu (Kienning-fu), City, its bridges, ii. 225, 228n, 229n, 234n
Kemenfu, see [Kaipingfu]
Kenjanfu (Si-ngan fu), ii. 24, 25n, 27n–29n
Keraits, a great Tartar tribe, i. [236n], [237n], [271n], [287n], [288n]
Kerala, ii. 390n
Keria, see [Kiria]
Keriza River, ii. 595n
Kermán, i. [89n], [90], [109], [110], ii. 452;
route to Hormus from, i. [91], [107], [110];
steel manufacture, its industries, [96n];
king of, Atabeg of, [107], [110];
stitched vessels of, [117n];
desert of, [123], [124n]
Kerulen (K’i-lien) valley, the Khans’ burial-ground, i. [248n]
Keshican (Keshikten), Kúblái’s life-guard, i. [379], [380n], [381n], [394n]
Kesmacoran (Kij-Makrán), i. [86n], ii. 401, 402n;
Kij-Makrán, 402n
Keuyung Kwan, village, i. [28]n
Khakán, the word, [10]
Khalif (Calif) Mosta’Sim Billah of Baghdad, i. [63];
taken by Hulákú and starved to death, [64];
plot v. the Christians laid by a former—the miracle of the mountain, [69–73];
becomes secretly a Christian, [73]
Khálij, ii. 439n
Khàm, stuff made with cotton thread, i. [190n]
Khambavati (Cambay), ii. 398n
Khanabad (Dogana?), i. [156n]
Khán Bádshah of Khotan, i. [189n]
Khánbalík, see [Cambaluc]
Khanfu, ii. 199n
Khanikoff, N. de (travels in Persia), i. [49n], [53n], [58n], [74n], [89n], [91n], [92n], [96n], [101n], [106n], [114n], [121n], [124n], [141n], [150n], [193n]
Khanjár-i-Hundwán, hanger of Indian steel, i. [93n]
Khán-khánán, a title, [10]
Khanoolla (Mount Royal), site of Chinghiz’s tomb, i. [247n]
Khansâ, ii. 199n, 214n
Kharesem, Mount, i. [155n]
Khato-tribe, ii. 120n
Khátún-gol, or “Lady’s River,” i.e. Hwang-ho, i. [245n], [249n]
Khatun, title of Khan’s wives, [10]
Khavailu (Hwo-lu h’ien), ii. 15n
Khazars, the, i. [7n], ii. 492n
Khilak, i. [54n]
Khimka, ii. 238n
Khinsa, Khingsai, Khinzai, ii. 144n, 175n, 214n.
(See [Kinsay].)
Khitan, Khitai, [11]
—— character, i. [28n]
—— dynasty of Liao, i. [232n], [288n], ii. 20n
Khmer, ii. 279n
Khodabanda, Ilkhan of Kermán, i. [91n], [103n]
Khojas, name of modern Ismailite sect, i. [146n], [163n]
Khorasan, province, i. [38n], [128n], [131n], [135n], [150n], ii. 467n, 474n;
turquoises of, i. [92n]
Khormuzda, supreme deity of the Tartars, i. [257n]
Khotan (Cotan), i. [188], [195n], [197n], ii. 594n, 595n;
fruits, i. [190n];
routes between China and, [191n];
buried cities of, [192n];
its jade, [193n]
Khumbavati (Cambay), ii. 398n
Khumdán, ii. 27n
Khusrú, Amír, Indian poet, i. [48n], [96n], [104n]
Khutuktai Setzen, Prince of the Ordos, i. [257n]
Khwarizm, i. [9n]
Kiacatu, see [Kaikhátu]
Kiahing (Ciangan, Canigan), ii. 185n
Kiai- or Hiai-chau (Caichu), ii. 19n
Kiakhta, i. [56n], [218n]
Kia-k’ing, Emperor, ii. 143n
Kiang, the Great (Kian and Kian-Suy, and in its highest course Brius, the Kinsha Kiang), ii. 36, 56, 59n, 60n, 64, 67n, 69n, 70n, 72n, 129n–131n, 149n, 154n;
its vastness, and numerous craft, 170, 171, 173n;
steamers on, 173n, 174n;
its former debouchure to the south, and changes, i. [199n]
Kiang-Ché, ii. 157n, 217n, 224n;
limits of, 218n
Kiang-Hung, Xieng-Hung, ii. 117n, 127n–129n, 131n
Kiangka, ii. 48n
Kiang-mai, Xieng-mai, Zimmé, ii. 117n, 128n, 279n
Kiangshan, ii. 224n
Kiangsi, ii. 228n
Kiang-su, ii. 135n
Kiang-suy (-shui) River, ii. 36, 40n
Kiangtheu, ii. 105n, 111n, 113n
Kiang-Tung, ii. 117n, 279n
Kiao-chi (Tungking), Chinese etymology of, ii. 119n, 128n
Kia Tsing, Emperor, a great bridge builder, ii. 6n
Ki-chau Castle, ii. 26n
Kieh-Ch’a, ii. 283n
K’ien-ch’ang, Kiung-tu (Caindu), ii. 70n–72n
Kien-chau, ii. 232n
Kien-kwé, ii. 232n
Kien-lung, Emperor, ii. 8n, 196n
Kien-ning fu (Kelinfu), ii. 228n
Kiepert, Map of Asia, i. [197n]
Kij-Makrán (Kesmacoran), i. [86n]
Kila’-i-Gabr, “Gueber Castle,” i. [81n], [82n]
Kilimanchi River, ii. 424n
Kiming shan Mountains, gold and silver mines, i. [295n]
Kimiz, kumiz (kemiz), mare’s milk,
—Tartar beverage, i. [257], [259n]
Kin, or Golden Dynasty in N. China, [12], i. [28n], [231n], [288n], ii. 8n, 19n, 168n, 190n;
their paper-money, i. [426n], [430n];
story of their Golden King, ii. 17–22
Kincha, Chinese name for Kipchak, ii. 179n
Kin-Chi, or Gold-Teeth (Zardandan), 84–90n
King of the Abraiaman, ii. 364
—— of England, Kúblái’s message to, i. [34];
intercourse with Mongol princes, [36n], ii. 177n
—— of France, Kúblái’s message to, i. [34]
—— of Spain, Kúblái’s message to, i. [34], ii. 477n
—— Rev. C. W., i. [370n]
Kings of Maabar, the five brothers, ii. 331, 333n, 334n, 337n, 338–339, 370, 371;
their mother’s efforts to check their broils, 371
—— subordinate, or Viceroys, in China, i. [360], [361n], ii. 24, 64, 76, 79n, 190, 199n
—— Tartar, of the Ponent, ii. 490, 492n
Kingsmill, T. W., ii. 154n, 184n, 194n, 220n
King-tê-chên, porcelain manufacture, ii. 243n
K’ing-yüan (Ning-po), ii. 238n
Kin-hwa fu, ii. 222n
Kinki, Kimkhá, ii. 238n
Kinsay (King-szé, or “Capital,” Khansá, Khinsá, Khingsai, Khanzai, Cansay, Campsay), formerly Lin-ngan now Hang-chau fu, [11], ii. 146, 149n, 193n;
its surrender to Bayan, 146, 149n;
extreme public security, 147;
alleged meaning of the name, 182, 184n, 185;
described, [185–208];
bridges, 185, 187, 194n;
hereditary trades, guilds and wealthy craftsmen and their dainty wives, 186, 196n;
the lake, islands and garden-houses, 186, 187, 196n;
stone-towers—inhabitants’ clothing and food, 187, 197n–198n;
guards and police regulations, [187–188];
fires, 188;
alarm towers, paved streets, 189;
revenue, 189, 190, 215, 216, 217n, 218n;
pavements, public baths, port of Ganfu, 189, 198n, 199n;
the province and other provinces of Manzi, garrisons, 190, 200n;
horoscopes, funeral rites, 191, 200n;
palace of the expelled king, 192;
church, house registers, 192, 200n;
hostel regulations, 193;
canals, 200;
markets and squares, 201, 209n;
fruits and fish shops, 202, 210n;
women of the town, physicians and astrologers, courts of justice, 203;
vast consumption of pepper, 204, 210n;
inhabitants’ character—their behaviour to women and foreigners, 204, 210n, 211n;
hatred of soldiers, 205;
pleasures on the lake and in carriage excursions, 205, 211n;
palace of the king, 206;
the king’s effeminacy and ruin, 207–208, 211n;
tides, 208n;
plan of, 209n;
notices by various writers of, 213n;
wealth of, 245n;
ships, 255, 260n
Kin-sha Kiang, “River of Golden Sands” (upper branch of Great Kiang, Brius), ii. 36, 56, 64, 67n, 69n, 70n, 72n
Kinshan, see [Golden Island]
Kinto, or Hintu, Mongol general, ii. 260n
Kipchak (Ponent), Southern Russia, events related by Polo in, [23], i. [5], [6n], ii. 490 seqq.;
sovereigns, 492n;
people of, 493n;
extent of empire, ib.
Kirghiz Kazak, i. [313n]
Kirghiz, the, i. [162n], [176n], [309n], ii. 362n
Kiria, i. [192n], [195n], ii. 595n
Kirk, Sir John, and Raphia palm, ii. 597n
Kis, Kish, or Kais (Kisi), now Ghes, or Kem, island in Persian Gulf, i. [63], [64n], [83], [452];
merchants, ii. 340;
described, 453n
Kishik, Kishikan, Kizik, Keshikchi, see [Keshican]
Kishm (Casem), i. [153], [155n], [156n], [173n]
—— or Brakht (Oaracta), island in the Persian Gulf, i. [115n], [121n]
Kistna River, ii. 362n
Kitubuka, General, i. [85n]
Kiu-chau, ii. 222n
Kiulan (Quilon), see [Coilum]
Kizil Irmak, the, i. [45n]
Kizil River, i. [54n]
Kneeling oxen, i. [97], [99n]
Kobad, the Sassanian, i. [53n]
Kobdo, i. [215n]
Koh-Banán (Cobinan), i. [125]
Koja (Coja), a Tartar envoy from Persia, i. [32], [33n], [38n]
Kokcha River, i. [154n–156n], [162n]
Kok-Tash, greenstone of Samarkand, i. [187n]
Kolastri, or Kolatiri Rajas, ii. 387n
Ko-li-ki-sze, i. [289n]
Kolkhoi of Ptolemy, identified, ii. 373n
Kollam, see [Coilum]
Koloman, see [Coloman]
Kolyma, bird-hunting at, i. [272n]
Κώμακον, ii. 391n
Ḳomár, ii. 279n, 383n
Κομάρια ἄκρον, ii. 382n
Konár tree, Marco Polo’s apples of Paradise, i. [99n]
Kondachi, [337n]
Konkan, Konkan-Tana, ii. 367n, 390n, 396n
Korano, epithet on Indo-Scythic coins, i. [101n]
Korea, History of, ii. 262n
Koresh king, i. [82n]
Kornish, or K’o-tow (Khén-théu), i. [391], [393n]
Kosakio, a general against Japan, ii. 260n
Kosseir, ii. 439n
Kotcheres, Kurds of Mosul, i. [62n]
Kotlogh, or Kutlugh, Sultan of Kerman, i. [91n]
Kotlogh Shah, the Chaghataian prince, i. [104n], [121n]
Kotrobah Island, ii. 409n
Kouyunjik, sculptures at, i. [100n]
Kozlov, Lieutenant K. P., on the Lob-nor, i. [199n]
Kuang-chou, ii. 239n
Kúbenán (Cobinan), a Kuh-banán “Hill of the Terebinths or Wild Pistachios,” i. [123], [124n]
Kúblái (Cublay), Káán, the Great Khán, i. [8n], [10], [11], [12], [15];
his envoys meet the two elder Polos, [10];
receives and questions the Polos, [11], [12];
sends them as envoys to the Pope, [13];
his desire for Christian teachers, and for oil from the lamp in the Holy Sepulchre, [13], [14];
gives them a Golden Tablet, [15];
his reception of the three Polos, [26];
sends Marco on an embassy, [27];
Marco grows in favour, [30];
allows the Polos to depart with Tablets of Authority, [33–35];
rumour of his death, [38n];
sends a napkin of asbestos to the Pope, [213];
his greatness and power, [246], [247n], [331];
his milk libations, [300];
his inscription at Shangtu, [304n];
Chinghiz’s prophecy, [331n];
his lineage, age, and accession, [332];
Nayan’s revolt, [333];
Nayan’s defeat and death, [336–343];
rebukes anti-Christian gibes, [344];
returns to Cambaluc, [348];
treats four religions with equal respect, [348n];
his views on Christianity, [349n];
how he rewards his captains, [350];
his personal appearance, [356];
his wives and ladies-in-waiting, [356–358];
his palace at Cambaluc, [362];
builds Cambaluc city, [374];
his bodyguard, [379];
order of his feasts, [381];
celebration of his birthday, [387];
his distribution of robes, [387], [394];
his New Year’s feast, [390];
his elephants, [391];
the K’o-tow, [391], [393n];
adopts Chinese ancestor-worship, [392n];
his game laws, [396];
his hunting establishment, [397];
his masters of hounds, [400];
how he goes a-hunting, [402];
how his year is spent, [410];
Ahmad’s influence, oppression, and death, [416–420];
his treatment of Mahomedans, [422n];
his mint and paper-money, [423];
his purchase of valuables, [425];
his twelve great Barons, [430];
his posts and runners, [433];
remission of taxes, [439], [443];
his justice, [440n];
a tree planter, [440];
his store of corn, [443];
charity to the poor, [445];
his astrologers, [446];
gaol deliveries, and prohibition of gambling, [457];
his early campaign in Yun-nan, ii. 46n, 79, 80n;
and the king of Mien and Bangala, 98, 110, 114n;
Litan’s plot, 136;
sends Bayan to invade Manzi, 145;
his dealings with Bayan, 148n, 149n;
satisfied with the Polo’s mangonels, 159;
appoints Mar Sarghis governor of Chinghian-fu, 177;
the city of Kinsay, 186–190;
his revenue from Kinsay, 215;
from Zayton, 235;
his expedition against Chipangu (Japan), 255;
sends force against Chamba, 267, 270n;
attempts to gain Java, 272, 275n;
his death, 275n;
sends to buy Ceylon ruby, 313, 315n;
sends for religions of Sakya, 319;
testifies to miraculous powers of Sakya’s dish, 320;
intercourse with Ma’bar, 337n;
with Kaulam, 378n;
missions to Madagascar, 412–413;
Kaidu’s wars with him, 457 seqq.
—— Khan, territories and people subject to (Turkistan), i. [180], [188], [191], [196];
(Tangut and Mongolia), [203], [212], [217], [269], [274], [281], [284], [285];
(Tibetan frontier and Yun-nan), ii. 50, 53, 64, 109, 116, 119, 122;
(Western China), 124, 127;
(N. Eastern China), 132, 135, 138, 140, 141;
(Manzi), 151–153;
(Sinju), 170;
(Caiju), 174;
Chinghian-fu, 176;
(Chinginju), 178;
(Suju), 181;
(Tanpigu), 218;
(Chonka), 231;
(Zayton), 234;
(Chamba), 267;
(Sumatra), 272, 285, 292, 299
Kuché character, i. [211n]
Kudatku Bilik, an Uíghúr poem, i. [28n]
Kuhistan, or Hill country of Persia, i. [86n]
Kúkachin, see [Cocachin]
Kukin-Tána, ii. 396n
Kukju (Genkju), Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Kuku-Khotan (Blue Town), depôt for Mongolian trade with China, i. [278n], [286n], [287n]
Ku-kwan, Customs’ Barrier, ii. 14n
Kuláb, lions in, i. [152n];
Salt Mines, [154n]
Kulan, Asinus Onager, the Gor Khar of Persia, i. [89n]
Kulasaikera, ii. 335n
Kumár, see [Ḳomár]
Kumhări, Kumari, see [Comari]
Kumiz, kimiz (kemiz), Mare’s milk, Tartar beverage, i. [257], [259n], [300];
sprinkling of, [308n], [309n], [385n], [411]
Kummájar, ii. 491n
Kúnbúm Monastery, i. [319n]
Kunduz, i. [152n], [154n]
Kunduz (beaver or sable), i. [410n]
Kunduz-Baghlán, i. [86n]
Kung-ki-cheng (Fei-ch’eng), ii. 6n, 8n
Kunguráts, Kunkuráts (Ungrat), a Mongol tribe, i. [38n], [101n], [359n], [360]
Kunichi (Cunichi, or Chinuchi), “The Keepers of the Mastiff Dogs,” i. [400]
Kuniyah (Conia), Iconium, Koniah, i. [43], [44n] [356n]
Kunlun (Pulo Condore), ii. 277n
Kurd dynasty, i. [85n]
Kurdistan (Curdistan), i. [9n], [62n], [83], [84n]
Kurds, the, i. [60], [62n], [85n]
Kúreh-i-Ardeshír (Kuwáshír), i. [91n]
Kuria Maria Islands, ii. 405n
Kuridai, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Kúrkah, great drum, i. [340n], [341n]
Kurmishi, ii. 474n
Kurshids of Lúristán, i. [85n]
Kurut (Curd), i. [262], [265n]
Kus, Cos (in Egypt), ii. 439n
Kushluk, the Naiman, ii. 20n
Kutan, son of Okkodai, ii. 32n
Kutchluk Khan (Buddhist), Chief of the Naïmans, i. [188n]
Kutuktemur, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Kutulun, Princess, ii. 465n
Kuwinji, see [Kaunchi]
Kuyuk Khan, i. [14n], [245], [247n]
Kwa-chau (Caiju), at mouth of Great Canabon Yang-tse-Kiang, ii. 144n, 175n
Kwan Hsien, ii. 41n
Kwansinfu, ii. 221n, 224n
Kwawa, i.e. Java, etymology, ii. 119n
Kwei-chau (Cuiju), ii. 82n, 124n, 127n, 129n
Kwei-hwa-ch’eng, or Kuku Khotan, i. [278n], [286n], [287n]
Kweilei River, i. [345n]
Kyŭng-sang province, ii. 262n
Lac (Wallachia), Lacz, i. [54n], ii. 487, 489n, 490, 491n
Ladies’ dresses in Badakhshan, i. [160], [163n]
Ladies of Kinsay, ii. 186
Lagong, ii. 279n
Lahore (Dalivar, Dilivar), i. [99], [104n], [105n], ii. 426n, 427n
Lahsá, ii. 348n
Lájwurd mines, i. [162n]
Lake, Caindu, ii. 53, 72n
—— Fanchau, ii. 29n
—— Kinsay, ii. 186, 196n, 200, 214n
—— of Palace at Cambaluc, i. [365], [370n]
—— Pleasure parties on, ii. 205, 211n
—— Talifu, ii. 80
—— Yunnan-fu, ii. 66
Laknaoti, ii. 427n
Lakshamana Deva, king of Kashmir, i. [104n]
Lamas of Tibetan Buddhism, i. [28n];
their superstitions and rites, [204], [207n], [220], [221n–223n], [301], [302], [314n], [315n];
their monasteries, [303], [319n];
marriage, [303], [319n].
(See also [Bakhshi].)
Lambri, kingdom of, ii. 299, 300n, 306, 307n;
situation of, 301n
Lances of Sago Palm, ii. 305n
Lanchang, ii. 279n
Land of Darkness, ii. 484 seqq.;
market in, 486n
Langdarma, i. [168n], [170n]
Langting Balghasun, i. [306n]
Languages used in Mongol Court and administration, i. [27], [28n–30n]
Lan-Ho, i. [305]
Lanja Bálús, or Lankha bálús, ii. 308n
Lanka (Ceylon), ii. 320n
Lan Ki Hien (Nan-Che-hien), ii. 222n, 224n
Lanner Falcons, i. [158], [162n], ii. 50
Lan-tsang kiang (Mekong) River, ii. 88n, 128n
Lao-Kiun, or Lao-Tseu, the Philosopher, i. [322n], [325n], [326n]
Laos, people of, ii. 91n, 117n, 120n, 128n
Lar, or Láṭ-Desa, ii. 367n
—— province, ii. 363, 367n, 403n
Latin version of Polo’s Book, [63], [81], [90], [95], [100]
Latins, the term, i. [10], [12], [32]
Latsé, Tibetan for musk, i. [279n]
Lauredano, Agnes, ii. 520n
Laurus Camphora, ii. 237n
Lawek, Lawáki, ii. 278n–279n
Laxities of marriage customs, see [Marriage]
Layard, Mr., i. [85n]
Layas, see [Ayas]
—— Gulf of, i. [17n]
Leather, i. [395], [398];
embroidered mats of Guzerat, [393–394], [395n]
Leaves, used for plates, ii. 365;
green leaves said to have a soul, 366
Lecomte on Chinese war vessels, i. [37n]
Lembeser, Ismaelite fortress, i. [146n]
Lenzin, ii. 141n
Leon I., king of Lesser Armenia, i. [42n]
Leon II., king of Lesser Armenia, i. [44n]
Leon III., king of Lesser Armenia, i. [25n]
Leon VI., last king of Lesser Armenia, i. [42n]
Leopards, ii. 282, 411, 431;
taught to sit on horseback, i. [299];
(Cheetas) kept for the Chase by Kúblái, [397]
Lepechin, Professor, i. [9n]
Le Strange, Guy, i. [67n], [92n]
Leung Shan, i. [245n]
Levant, term applied by Polo to the kingdom of the Mongol Khans, i. [1], [5], [8n], [10], [32], [36], [44], [63], [84], [246], [270], ii. 50, 376, 466, 477, 491, 494
Lewchew, ii. 391n
Lewis, see [St. Lewis]
Lewis XI. and XII. (France), i. [398n]
Lew-sha, old Chinese name for Lop Desert, i. [198n], [201n]
Leyes, see [Ayas]
Lhása, ii. 45n, 70n, 74n;
Labrang Monastery at, i. [319n]
Li, Chinese measure, supposed to be confounded with miles, ii. 193n, 194n, 209n
Liampo (Ningpo), ii. 228n, 239n
Liang, or tael, i. [426n], [427n]
Liang-chau in Kansuh, i. [29n], [276n], [281n]
Liao dynasty, [12], i. [232n], [288n]
Liao-tong, i. [289n], [334n], [345n]
Libanos, Λιβανοφόρος and Λιβανωτοφόρος χώρα, ii. 445n–446n
Libro d’Oro, [14]
Licinius, Emperor, i. [45n]
Lidé (Liti), ii. 297n, 305n
Lieuli Ho, ii. 6n
Lign-aloes (eagle-wood), ii. 87, 268;
etymology, 271n;
in Sumatra, 284, 287n
Ligor, ii. 278n
Ligurium, the precious stone, Liguire, i. [398n]
Li H’ien, Tartar ruler of Tangut, i. [206n]
Likamankwas of Abyssinian kings, ii. 348n
Li-kiang fu, ii. 73n, 90n
Limyrica, ii. 408n
Lindley, i. [99n]
Lindsay, Hon. R., ii. 46n, 74n
Linga, ii. 370n
Linju, ii. 140, 141n
Lin-ngan (Hang-chau), ii. 149n, 195n
Lin-ngan in Yun-nan, ii. 120n, 121n, 129n
Lintching-y, or Lingchinghien, ii. 141n
Lin-t’sing chau, ii. 139n
Lion and Sun, i. [352n]
Lions, black, ii. 376, 382n, 422
—— on the Oxus, i. [151];
Chinese notion of, i. [399n]
—— (apparently for tigers) kept for the chase by Kúblái, i. [397], ii. 31, 42, 56, 214, 219;
skins of striped, i. [405];
how hunted with dogs, ii. 126.
(See also [Tigers].)
Lion’s Head Tablets, i. [35], [350], [352n]
Lire, various Venetian, [66], [71], ii. 591n–592n
—— of gold, [73]
Lisbon, ii. 391n
Lissu, or Lisau tribe, ii. 60n, 90n
Litai, ii. 301n
Litan, rebellion of, i. [313n], ii. 136, 138n
Lithang, ii. 48n, 56n, 67n
Little Orphan Rock, ii. 174n
Liu Pang, founder of 1st Han dynasty, ii. 32n
Liu Pei (Luo Pé), of the Han dynasty, ii. 32n, 38n
Livre des Merveilles, [121], ii. 527n
Livres of gold, ii. 442
—— Parisis, [90], ii. 590n
—— Tournois, i. [83], [86n], ii. 590n
Li Yuan-hao, founder of the Hsi Hsia dynasty, Tangut, i. [206n]
Lo, tribes of S.W. China so-called, ii. 123n, 124n, 129n
—— Chinese name of part of Siam, ii. 278n
Lob, see [Lop]
Locac, kingdom of, ii. 276, 277n–280n
Lockhart, Dr. W., i. [372n], [377n], ii. 8n, 27n, 82n, 124n
Lokok, ii. 278n–280n
Lolo tribes, ii. 60n–63n, 69n, 70n, 123n
Longevity of Brahmins and Jogis, ii. 365, 369n
Longfellow, i. [67n]
Lop, city and lake, i. [194], [196];
desert, [196], [197]
Lophāburi, ii. 278n
Loping, ii. 129n, 130
Lor, see Lúristan
Lord, Dr. Percival, i. [160n]
Löss, brownish-yellow loam, ii. 14n
Loups cerviers (lynx), i. [398n]
Low castes, ii. 349–350n
Lowatong River, ii. 130n
Loyang, Bridge of, ii. 241n
Lubán, ii. 446n, 449n
Lubán-Jáwi, ii. 286n
Lubán-Shehri, ii. 449n
Lubbies, ii. 372n
Lucky and unlucky hours and days, ii. 364, 368n
Luddur Deo, ii. 362n
Luh-ho-ta Pagoda, Hang-chau, ii. 193n, 194n
Lukon-Kiao (Hun-ho, Pulisanghin River), ii. 5n, 6n, 8n
Lukyn Port, ii. 279n, 280n
Lung-yin ii. 224n
Lúristan (Lor, Lur), kingdom of Persia, i. [83], [84n];
Great and Little, [85n];
character of Lurs or people of, [87n]
Lusignan, John de, i. [42n]
Lút, Desert of (Dasht-i-Lut), i. [124n], [127], [128n]
Lu-tzŭ tribe, ii. 82n
Lynxes, trained to hunt, i. [397], [398n];
in Cuncun, ii. 31
Ma Twan-lin, the Chinese Pliny, i. [100n], [201n]
Maaden, turquoise mines at, i. [92n]
Maatum, or Nubia, ii. 431n
Ma’bar (Maabar, i.e. Coromandel coast), province of India, ii. 331, 332n, 338;
its brother kings, 331, 333n, 335n, 370, 371;
pearl fishery, 331, 335n, 337n;
etymology, 332n;
limits, 333n;
obscurity of history, 334n;
port visited by Polo, 335n;
nakedness of people, king, his jewels, 338–346;
his wives, “Trusty Lieges,” treasure, 339, 347n;
horses imported, 340;
superstitious customs, 340;
ox-worship, 341;
Govis, ib.;
no horses bred, 342, 350n;
other customs, 342;
mode of arrest for debt, 343, 350n;
great heat, 343;
regard for omens, 344, 351n;
astrology, treatment of boys, 344;
birds, girls consecrated to idols, 345, 351n;
customs in sleeping, 346, 352n;
ships at Madagascar, 412
Macartney’s Map, i. [173n], [292n]
Macgregor, Sir C., “Journey through Khorasan,” i. [86n], [89n]
Máchin, city of (Canton), ii. 175n
Máchin, Maháchin (Great China), used by Persian writers as synonymous with Manzi, ii. 35n, 144n, 175n
Maclagan, Major-General (R.E.), i. [105n], [155n]
Madagascar (Madeigascar), ii. 411, 413n;
confused with Magadoxo, 414n;
etymology, 414n;
traces of ancient Arab colonisation, 414n
Mádái, Madavi, Maudoy, ii. 387n, 388n
Madjgars, ii. 491n–492n
Madar-Des, Eastern Panjáb, i. [104n]
Madras, ii. 355n, 403n
Madura, ii. 333n, 334n, 335n
Maestro, or Great Bear, said to be invisible in Sumatra, ii. 292, 296n
Magadha, ii. 356n
Magadoxo, confused with Madagascar, ii. 414n
Magapatana, near Ceylon, ii. 283n
Magi, the three, i. [78–80];
legend as told by Mas’udi, [82n];
source of fancies about, [82n];
names assigned to, [83n]
Magic, of Udyana, i. [164n];
Lamaitic, [301], [314n].
(See also [Sorcerers].)
Magical darkness (dry fog and dust storms), i. [98], [105n]
Magnet, Mount, ii. 418n
Magyars, ii. 491n–492n
Mahar Amlak, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n
Mahávan, ii. 426n
Mahmúd Kalháti, prince of Hormuz, i. [121n]
Mahmúd of Ghazni, i. [106n]
Mahmudiah Canal, ii. 439n
Mahomed (Mahommet), his account of Gog and Magog, i. [56n];
his Paradise, [140];
his alleged prophecy of the Mongols, [265n];
his use of mangonels, ii. 164n
Mahomed, supposed worship of idols of, i. [189n]
—— II., uses the old engines of war, ii. 163n, 166n
—— Tarabi, [106n]
—— Tughlak of Delhi, his copper token currency, 429n
—— Shah of Malacca, ii. 282n
Mahomedan revolts in China, ii. 29n, 74n, 80n
—— conversion of Malacca, 282n
—— conversion of states in Sumatra, 284, 288n, 294n, 295n, 300n–303n
—— butchers in Kashmir, i. [167]
—— butchers in Maabar, ii. 342
—— king of Kayal, 374n
—— merchants at Kayal, 372n
—— settlements on Abyssinian coast, 434n
Mahomedans (Saracens), i. [414], [418];
in Turcomania, [43];
in and near Mausul, [60];
their universal hatred of Christians, [68], [72];
in Tauris, [75];
in Persia, [84];
their hypocrisy about wine, [87n];
at Yezd, [88];
Hormuz, [108];
Cobinan, [125];
Tonocain, [128];
Sapurgan, [149];
Taican, [153];
Badakhshan, [157];
Wakhan, etc., [170];
Kashgar, [180];
strife with Christians in Samarkand, [183];
Yarkand, [187];
Khotan, [188];
Pein, [191];
Charchan, [194];
Lop, [196];
Tangut, [203];
Chingintalas, [212];
Kanchau, [219], [263];
Sinju, [274];
Egrigaia, [281];
Tenduc, their half-breed progeny, [284];
in northern frontier of China, alleged origin of, [288n];
their gibes at Christians, [343];
Kúblái’s dislike of, [420], [422n];
in Yun-nan, ii. 66, 67n, 74n;
in Champa, 268n;
in Sumatra, 284, 288n, 294n, 295n, 300n, 303n;
troops in Ceylon, 314;
pilgrims to Adam’s Peak, 319;
honour St. Thomas, 353;
in Kesmacoran, 401;
in Madagascar, 411;
in Abyssinia, 427;
in Aden, 428, 438;
outrage by, 428 seqq.;
at Esher, 442;
Dufar, 444;
Calatu, 449;
Hormuz, 452;
Ahmad Sultan one, 467
Mailapúr (Shrine of St. Thomas), ii. 355n
Maiman, i. [86n]
Maistre, the word, ii. 296n
Maitreya Buddha, ii. 330n
Majapahit, empire of (Java), ii. 275n
Majar (Menjar), ii. 491n
Major, R. H., on Australia, ii. 280n
Makdashan, see [Magadoxo]
Malabar, Melibar, Malibar, Manibar, ii. 389, 390;
fleets, 389;
products, 389, 390n;
imports, Chinese ships in, 390, 391n
Malacca, ii. 281n;
foundation of, 282n;
chronology, 282n
Malacca, Straits of, ii. 281n
Malaiur, island and city, ii. 280, 281n, 283n, 305–306n
Mal-Amir, or Aidhej, i. [85n]
Malasgird, i. [145n]
Malay Peninsula, ii. 277n;
invasion of Ceylon, 215n;
chronicle, 279n, 282n, 287n, 288n, 294n, 300n;
language, 286n;
origin of many geographical names, 314n
Malayo, or Tana Malayu, ii. 281n, 283n
Malcolm, Sir John, ii. 351n
Maldive Islands, ii. 425n
Malé in Burma, ii. 113n
Male and Female Islands, ii. 401, 404 seqq.;
legend widely diffused, 405n–406n, 415n
Malifattan, ii. 333n
Malik al Dháhir, king of Samudra, ii. 288n, 294n
—— al Mansúr, ii. 288n, 294n
—— al Sálih, king of Samudra, ii. 288n, 294n, 295n
—— Kafur, ii. 333n
Malli, the, i. [93n]
Malpiero, Gasparo, [4]
Malte-Brun, [112], i. [86n], ii. 602n
Malwa, ii. 426n, 427n
Mamaseni, i. [85n]
Mamre, tree of, i. [131n], [132n], [135n]
Mán, barbarians, ii. 60n, 123n, 144n, 228n
Man, Col. Henry, ii. 308n, 312n
Manchu dynasty, i. [29n]
Mancopa, ii. 300n, 305n
Mandalé in Burma, ii. 329n
Mandarin language, ii. 243n
Mangalai, third son of Kúblái, [21], i. [361n], ii. 24;
his palace, 24, 25, 31n
Mangalore, ii. 386n
Mangla and Nebila Islands, ii. 405n
Mangonels made by Polos for attack of Saianfu, ii. 159;
etymology, 164n;
account of, 168n;
a barbarous lubricant for, 180n
Mangu (Mangku, Mongu) Khan, Kúblái’s elder brother, [10], [11], i. [8n], [14n], [61n], [103n], [146n], [210], [227n], ii. 32n, 42, 46n;
his death, i. [245n];
reign, massacre at his funeral, [246], [250n], [334n]
Mangu-Temur (Mungultemur), ii. 491, 496, 497n
Manjáník (Manjaniki), ii. 164n
—— Kumghá, ii. 168n
Manjaníkis (Mangonellers), ii. 168n.
(See [Mangonels].)
Manji, see [Manzi]
Manjushri, Bodhisatva, ii. 265n
Manphul, Pandit, i. [154n], [156n], [160n], [162n], [163n]
Mansur Shah, i. [25n]
Mantzé, Man-tzu, Mantszi, Aborigines, ii. 60n, 64n, 144n
Manuel, Comnenus, Emperor, i. [82n]
Manufactures, Kúblái’s, i. [412], [415n]
Manuscripts of Polo’s Book, [81] seqq., [90] seqq. ii. 526n–552n
Manzi (Facfur), king of, i. [36], ii. 145, 148;
his flight, 146;
his charity, 147, 207–208;
his effeminacy, 147;
his death, 148;
his palace at Kinsay, 191–192, 206–207.
(See [Faghfur].)
—— (Mangi) province, [3], ii. 10;
White City of the Frontier, 33, 34n, 36, 49, 139, 141, 144n, 151, 176;
entrance to, 142, 152;
conquest of, 145–146, 148, 158, 178;
character of the people, 181, 204;
its nine kingdoms, 1200 cities and squares, 190, 213;
its bamboos, 219;
no sheep in, 219;
dialects, 236, 243n;
called Chin, 264, 265n;
ships and merchants in India, 386, 390, 391n
—— queen of, surrenders, ii. 146, 150n;
her report of Kinsay, 185
Map, constructed on Polo’s data, [109], [110];
Hereford, [127];
Roger Bacon’s, [132];
Marino Sanudo’s, [133];
Medicean, [134];
Catalan, [135], [136];
Fra Mauro’s, [135];
Ruysch’s, [135];
Mercator’s, [137];
Sanson’s, [137]
Mapillas, or Moplahs, ii. 372n, 380n
Maps, allusions to, in Polo’s book, ii. 245n, 312, 424;
early mediæval, [132];
of the Arabs, [132];
in the palace at Venice, [110]
Marabia, Maravia, Maravi, ii. 386n–387n
Marah Silu, ii. 294n
Mâramangalam, site of Kolkhoi, ii, 373n
Marash, i. [23n]
Maratha, ii. 426n
Mardin (Merdin), i. [60], [62n]
Mare’s milk, see [Kumiz]
Margaritone, i. [22n]
Marignolli, John, ii. 23n, 144n, 180n, 193n, 194n, 213n, 239n, 321n, 356n, 358n
Market days, i. [154n], ii. 106, 107n
Markets in Kinsay, ii. 201, 202
—— Squares in Kinsay, ii. 201, 210n, 213n
Marks of Silver, i. [83], ii. 394, 591n
Marriage customs in Khotan, i. [191], [193n]
—— customs in Kanchau, i. [220], [223n]
—— customs of the Tartars, [252–253], [256n]
—— (posthumous) amongst Tartars, [267], [268n]
—— laxities of different peoples, i. [191], [193n]
—— laxities in Thibet, ii. 44, 48n, 53–54, 56n, 66, 76n
Mar Sarghis, ii. 157n, 177
Marsden’s edition of Polo, 115 and passim
Martin, Dr. Ernest, of French Legation at Pekin, ii. 93n
Martini, ii. 5n, 15n, 29n, 32n, 35n, 137n, 211n, 228n, 229n, 237n;
his Atlas Sinensis, i. [42n], ii. 69n;
his account of Kinsay, ii. 214n and passim
Martyrs, Franciscan, ii. 396n
Masálak-al-Absár, i. [5n], [86n], ii. 214, 348n
Masa’úd, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n, 121n
Mashhad (Meshed), or Varsach River, i. [150n], [155n], [156n], [193n]
Mashiz, i. [92n]
Maskat, ii. 451n
Mastiff Dogs, Keepers of the, i. [400], [401n]
Mastiffs of Tibet, see [Dogs]
Mastodon, bogged, ii. 290n
Mas’ud II., Ghiath ed-din-Seljuk dynasty, i. [44n]
Mas’udi, [53n], [59n], [62n], [82n], [99n]
Masulipatam, ii. 363n
Matchlocks, manufacture at Kerman, i. [90];
at Taianfu, ii. 15n
Ma-t’eu (Matu), ii. 139n
Mati Dhivaja, see Bashpah Lama
Matitánana, ii. 414n
Matityna (Martinique), ii. 405n
Mätzner, Eduard, ii. 601n
Maundevile, Sir John (John a Beard), on lying in water, i. [119n], ii. 604n;
Cloths of Tartary, [295n];
Trees of the Sun, [130n];
Dry Tree, [131n];
his Book of Travels, ii. 598n, 605n;
English version, 601n;
his tomb, 604n
Maung Maorong, or Pong, Shan kingdom, ii. 79n, 113n
Mauro, Fra, his map, i. [6], [133], ii. 128n
Mausul (Mosul), kingdom of, i. [46], [60], [61n], [62n]
Mauvenu (Malvennez), the phrase, ii. 21n, 473n
Mayers, W. F., ii. 150n, 596n
Mayhew, A. L., on Couvade, ii. 93n
Mázanderán, province, i. [59n]
Mecchino, Ginger, ii. 381n
Medressehs at Sivas, i. [45n]
Mekhitar, i. [45n]
Mekong River (Lan-tsang kiang), ii. 88n, 128n, 278n
Mekrán, often reckoned part of India, ii. 402n, 403n, 405n
Mekranis, i. [106n]
Melchior, one of the Magi, i. [78], [82n]
Melibar, see [Malabar]
Melic, the title, ii. 449, 450, 470n
Melons, dried, of Shibrgán, i. [149], [150n]
Menangkabau, ii. 286n, 301n
Mendoza, i. [8n]
Menezes, Duarte, ii. 358n
Mengki, envoy to Java, ii. 75n
Menjar (Májar?), ii. 490, 491n
Menuvair and Grosvair, ii. 483n
Merghuz Boirúk Khan, ii. 19n
Merkit (Mecrit, Mescript), a Tartar tribe, i. [236n], [269], [271n]
Meshid (more correctly Mashhad), i. [150n], [155n], [156n], [193n]
Messengers, Royal Mongol, i. [36n]
Mexico, ii. 405n
Meyer, Paul, Alexandre le Grand, i. [56n]
Miafaraḳain, i. [68n]
Miau-tzu, ii. 82n
Mien, Amien, Ava (Burma), king of, his battle with Tartars, ii. 98n;
City of, 99n, 109;
its gold and silver towers, 110;
how it was conquered, 110, 111n;
communications and war with Mongols, 104;
Chinese notices, 104n
Mikado, ii. 262
Military engines of the Middle Ages, dissertation on, ii. 161n;
two classes, 161n;
Trébuchets, 161n, 163n, 164n;
Balista, 161n;
shot used, carrion, live men, bags of gold, 163n;
Mangonel, 163n, 169n;
Napoleon’s experiments with heavy shot, 164n, 165n;
size and accuracy, 165n;
length of range (Sanudo on), 166n;
effect of Mangonel on Saracens, 166n;
procured by Kúblái for siege of Siang-yang, 167n;
Chinese and Persian histories on, 167n–169n;
known to Mongols and Chinese, 168n;
the Karabugha, or Calabra, 168n;
the P’ao, 169n
Milk, portable, or curd, i. [262], [265n]
Milk, rite of sprinkling Mare’s, i. [300], [309n], [411]
Million, use of the numeral, [67], ii. 215, 217n
Millione, Millioni, nickname for Polo and his book, [6], [54], [119], ii. 217n
Millioni, Corte del, [4]
Milne, ii. 222n
Minao district, i. [110n], [114n]
Mines and Minerals, see [Iron], [Silver], etc.
Minever, see [Menuvair]
Ming, the Chinese dynasty which ousted the Mongols, A.D. 1368, i. [29n], ii. 15n, 238n;
their changes in Peking, i. [342n];
their paper-money, [427n];
their effeminate customs, ii. 20;
expeditions to India, 392n;
annals, 413n, 439n, 445n
Mingan, Khan’s Master of Hounds, i. [400]
Ming-ti, Emperor i. [347n]
Minján, dialect of, i. [160n]
Minotto, Professor A. S., [6], ii. 511n
Min River (in Fokien), ii. 228n, 230n, 233n, 234n
—— River (in Sze-ch’wan), ii. 40n, 70n, 130n
Mint, the Khan’s, i. [423]
Mintsing-hien, ii. 230n
Mious River, ii. 488n
Miracle Stories, fish in Lent, i. [52–57n];
Mountain moved, [68–73];
St. Barsamo’s girdles, [77];
Holy Fire, [80];
Stone at Samarkand, [185];
at St. Thomas’ Shrine, ii. 354, 356n, 358n
Mírat, ii. 426n
Mire, French for leech, i. [81n]
Mirkhond, ii. 180n
Mirobolans, ii. 388n
Misḳál, a weight, i. [353n], ii. 41n, 217n, 592n.
(See also [Saggio].)
Misri, sugar-candy, ii. 230n
Missionary Friars, powers conferred on, i. [22], [23n];
in China in 14th century, [140], ii. 154n, 237n, 240n
—— Martyrs, i. [312n], ii. 396n
Moa of New Zealand, ii. 417n, 418n
Modhafferians, the, i. [86n]
Modun Khotan (“Wood-ville”), i. [408n]
Moghistan, i. [110n]
Mohammed, son of Yusuf Kelefi, founder of Shíráz, i. [85n]
Mohammerah, ii. 444n
Mohiuddin, i. [24n]
Mokli, the Jelair, ii. 462n
Molayu, ii. 283n
Molebar, see [Malabar]
Molephatan, ii. 426n
Molière, Pastorale Comique, i. [341n]
Moluccas, ii. 265n
Mombasa, ii. 424n
Momein, ii. 57n, 80n, 81n
Monasteries of Idolaters (Buddhists), i. [167], [219], [286n], [303], [319n], ii. 171, 174n, 175, 176n, 213n
Money, paper, i. [423–425], [426n–430n]
—— values, i. [426n], ii. 590n–592n
Mongol conquests, [9], [10];
capture Soldaia, i. [4n];
Bolghar, [7n], [8n];
treachery and cruelty, [61n], [151n], [265n], ii. 181n;
their inroads, i. [105n];
Balkh city, [151n];
invade Balakhshán, [161n];
invasion of Poland and Silesia, ii. 493n
Mongon Khan, see [Mangu]
Mongotay (Mangkutai), a Mongol officer, ii. 136, 138n
Monkeys, ii. 285, 382, 431;
passed off as pygmies, 285, 383n–385n
Monks, idolatrous, i. [303].
(See [Monasteries].)
Monnier, Marcel, his visit to Karakorum, i. [230n];
on the Ch’êng-tu Suspension Bridge, ii. 41n
Monoceros and Maiden, legend of, ii. 285, 291n
Monophysitism, i. [61n]
Monsoons, [23], ii. 264–265
Montecorvino, John, Archbishop of Cambaluc, i. [117n], [287n], [289n], [346n], ii. 180n
Monte d’Ely, ii. 386n, 387n
Montgomerie, Major T. G. (R.E.) (Indian Survey), on fire at great altitudes, i. [178n];
position of Kashgar and Yarkund, [182n]
Monument at Si-ngan fu, Christian, ii. 27n, 28n
Moon, Mountains of the, ii. 415n, 420n, 421n
Moore, Light of the Harem, i. [115n]
Moplahs, see [Mapillas]
Morgan, E. Delmar, i. [176n], [198n], [207n]
Mortagne, siege of, ii. 165n
Morus alba, silk-worm tree, ii. 25n
Moscow, Tartar Massacre at, ii. 493n
Mosolin, or Muslin (Mosolini), Mo-sze, Arab Mauçili, i. [60], [62n], ii. 363n, 408n
Mossos, a tribe, ii. 60n, 63n
Mosta’sim Billah, last Abbaside Khalif of Baghdad, story of his avarice and death, i. [63–64], [67n]
Mostocotto, i. [87n]
Mosul (Mausul), i. [46], [60], [61n], [62n]
Motapallé, see [Mutfili]
Motawakkil, Khalif, i. [131n]
Moule, Bishop G. E., ii. 194n–198n, 209n–213n, 215n
Mount, Green, in Palace grounds at Peking, i. [365], [370n], [372n]
—— St. Thomas, ii. 356n, 358n
—— D’Ely, see [Monte d’Ely]
Mountain, Old Man of the, see [Old Man of the]
—— Miracle of the, i. [68–73]
—— Road in Shensi, extraordinary, ii. 32n
Mourning customs, at Hormuz, i. [109];
in Tangut, [204];
at Kinsay, ii. 191
Mozambique Channel, ii. 415n
Muang, term applied in Shan countries (Laos and W. Yunnan) to fortified towns, as:—
Muang-Chi, ii. 67n
Muang, or Maung Maorong, ii. 79n, 113n
Muang Shung, ii. 120n
Muang Yong, ii. 57n, 117n, 128n
Muláhidah (Mulehet, Alamút, Chinese Mulahi), epithet of Ismaelites, i. [139], [141n], [142n], [146n]
Mulberry Trees, i. [423], ii. 13, 24
Mul-Java, ii. 349n
Müller, F. W. K., ii. 89n
Müller, Professor Max, i. [65n];
on Couvade, ii. 93n;
on stories of Buddha and St. Josafat, 323n, 325n, 326n, 328n
Multan, ii. 426n
Múnál pheasant (Lophophorus impeyanus), described by Ælian, i. [280n]
Mung (Nicaea), i. [104n]
Mungasht, hill fort, stronghold of the Atabegs, i. [85n]
Mungul, name applied to Tartars, i. [285].
(See [Mongol].)
Mungul-Temur and Mongo-Temur, see [Mangu-Temur]
Murad Beg, of Kunduz, i. [156n], [161n], [163n]
Murghab River, i. [172n], [175n]
Murray, Dr. J. A. H., on Couvade, ii. 93n
—— Hugh, ii. 133n, 141n, 175n, 208n, 212n, 486n
Murus Ussu (Brius, Upper Kiang), ii. 67n
Mus, Merdin (Mush, Mardin), i. [60], [62n]
Musk, animal (Moschus), i. [275], [279n], [364], ii. 34, 35n, 45, 54
—— earliest mention of and use in medicine, i. [279n]
Muslin, see [Mosolin]
Mutfili (Motapallé for Telingana), ii. 359, 362n, 403n, 424;
its diamonds, 360–361, 362n;
identified, 362n
Muza, ii. 408n
Mynibar, ii. 426n
Mysore, ii. 427n
Mystic number, see [Numbers]
Nac, Nasich, Naques (Nakh), a kind of brocade, i. [63], [65n], [285], [295n]
Nachetti, silk stuff interwoven with gold, i. [65n]
Nakhut, gold brocade, i. [65n]
Nakkára (Naccara, Nacaires), the great kettledrum signalling action, i. [338], [339n–341n], ii. 461
Nákshatra, ii. 368n
Nalanda, i. [306n]
Nan-Chao, formerly Ai-Lao, Shan dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. 73n, 79n
Nancouri, ii. 308n
Nanghin (Ngan-king), ii. 154, 157, 171n
Nangiass, Mongol name of Manzi, ii. 144n
Nankau, archway in Pass of, with polyglot inscription, i. [28n]
Nanking, not named by Polo, ii. 158n
Nanwuli, ii. 301n
Naobanján, i. [85n]
Naoshirwan, i. [53n]
Naphtha in the Caucasian country, i. [46], [49]
—— Fire used in war by the Karaunahs, i. [101n]
Napier, Sir C., i. [147n]
Napoleon III., his researches and experiments on mediæval engines of war, ii. 164n, 165n
Narikela-Dvipa, ii. 307n
Narin-Kaleh, fortress, i. [53n]
Narkandam, volcanic island, ii. 312n
Narsinga, King of, ii. 347n
Narwhal tusk, mediæval Unicorn’s Horn, ii. 291n
Nasich, see [Nac]
Nasruddin (Nescradin), officer in the Mongol Service, ii. 101, 104n, 111n, 114n
Nassir-uddin, Mahmud, Sultan of Delhi, [12]
Natigay, Tartar idol, i. [257], [258n], [456], ii. 479
Nava-Khanda, or Nine Divisions of Ancient India, i. [104n]
Navapa (Lop?), i. [197n]
Naversa (ancient Anazarbus), in Cilicia, under Taurus, i. [58n]
Nayan, Kúblái’s kinsman, his revolt, i. [333], [334n];
Kúblái marches against, [335];
routed in battle, [337];
put to death by Kúblái, [343]
Nearchus at Hormuz, i. [114n]
Nebila and Mangla islands, ii. 405n
Nebuchadnezzar, i. [52n]
Necklaces, precious, ii. 338, 346n
Necuveran, see [Nicobar]
Negapatam, Chinese Pagoda at, ii. 336n
Negroes described, ii. 422
Negropont, i. [18], [19n], [36]
Nellore, ii. 333n
Nemej, Niemicz (“Dumb”), applied to Germans by Slavs, ii. 493n
Nerghi, Plain of, ii. 499
Neri (pigs), ii. 210n
Nescradin, see [Nasruddin]
Nesnás (a goblin), i. [202n]
Nestorian Christians, at Mosul, i. [46], [60], [61n];
Tauris, [75], [77n];
Kashgar, [182];
Samarkand, [182], [186n];
Yarkand, [187];
Tangut, [203], [207n];
Kamul, [211n];
Chingintalas, [212];
Sukchur, [217];
Kampichu, Kan-chau, [219];
their diffusion in Asia, [237n];
among the Mongols, [241], [243n];
Erguiul and Sinju, [274];
Egrigaia, [281];
Tenduc, [284], [285], [287n];
China, [291n];
Yachi, or Yun-nan fu, ii. 66, 74n;
Cacanfu, 132;
Yang-chau, 154n;
one in Polo’s suite, 159;
churches at Chinghianfu, 177;
church at Kinsay, 192;
at St. Thomas, 358n;
Patriarch of, 377n, 407;
Metropolitan, 377n, 409n
Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, i. [61n]
Nevergún Pass, i. [112n]
New Year Festival at Kúblái’s Court, i. [390]
Neza Tash Pass, i. [172n]
Ngan-king (Nanghin), ii. 154, 157, 171n
Ngan-ning-ho River, ii. 69n
Ngantung, Mongol general, ii. 462n
Ngo-ning, or Ho-nhi, ii. 120n, 121n
Nia (ancient Ni-jang), in Khotan, i. [195n]
Nias Island, ii. 298n
Nibong Palm, ii. 305n
Nicaea of Alexander, i. [105n]
Nicholson, Edward B., ii. 604n
Nicobar (Necuveran) Islands, ii. 306, 307n, 315n;
etymology and people, 308n
Nicolas of Pistoia, ii. 356n
Nicolas, Christian name of Ahmad Sultan, ii. 468n
—— Friar, of Vicenza, i. [22]
Nicolas IV., Pope, ii. 474n
Nieuhoff, ii. 139n, 141n
Nigudar (Nogodar), Mongol princes, i. [98], [102n]
Nigudarian bands, i. [98], [102n], [121n], [164n]
Nilawár (Nellore), ii. 333n
Nile, sources of, ii. 415n, 438, 439n
Nileshwaram, ii. 388n
Nímchah Musulmán, “Half-and-Halfs,” i. [155n]
Nine, auspicious number among Tartars, i. [390], [392n]
Nine Provinces (India), i. [104n];
(China), ii. 190, 199n
Ning-hsia, or hia (Egrigaia), i. [282n], ii. 23n
Ningpo, ii. 224n
Ning-yuan fu, ii. 69n, 70n
Niriz, steel mines of, i. [86n], [92n]
Nirvana, figures of Buddha in, i. [221n]
Nishapúr, i. [150n]
Niuché (Yuché), Chinese name for the Churchés or race of Kin Empire, [12], i. [28n], [231n]
Noah’s Ark in Armenia, i. [46], [49n]
Nobles of Venice, [14];
Polo’s claim to be one, ib.
Nochdarizari, mountains north of Kabul, i. [102n]
Nogai Khan, ii. 496;
his intrigues and wars, 496–497;
his history, 497n;
wars with Toctai, 498
Nogodar (Nigudar), King of the Caraonas, story of, i. [98]
Nomad tribes of Persia, i. [87n]
Nomogan (Numughan), Kúblái’s son, i. [361n], ii. 460, 462n
None, Nona, Nuna, title given to younger brothers or subordinate princes, i. [171], [173n]
North, regions of the Far, ii. 479
North Star, see [Pole-Star]
Note Book, Polo’s, ii. 193n
Novgorod, ii. 489n
Nubia, St. Thomas in, ii. 355;
alleged use of elephants in, 434n
Nukdaris, tribe west of Kabul, i. [102n]
Nuksán Pass, i. [165n]
Numbers, mystic or auspicious, ii. 108n, 347n;
Nine, i. [390], [392n];
one hundred and eight, ii. 347n
Nuna, see [None]
Nusi-Ibrahim, ii. 414n
Nutmegs, ii. 272, 309n
Nyuché, or Churché, race of Kin Emperors, see [Niuché]
Oak of Hebron, see [Terebinth]
Oaracta (Kishm, or Brakht), i. [115n]
Obedience of Ismaelites, extraordinary, i. [144n]
Obi River, ii. 481n, 484n
Observatory at Peking, i. [378n], [449n]
Ocean Sea, i. [107], [270], ii. 3, 22, 36, 56, 146, 153, 189, 237n, 251, 487;
other seas, parts of, 265
Ocoloro Island, ii. 406n
Odoric, Friar, [117], i. [49n], [59n], [76n], [81n], [89n], [110n], [117n], [202n], [288n], [314n], [370n], [375n], [384n], [385n], [426n], [437n], [441n], ii. 237n, 599n, 602n, 604n;
on Kinsay, 212n;
on Fuchau, 232n;
Zayton, 237n;
Java, 263n, 275n;
Champa, 271n;
Sumatra, 294n, 297n;
on sago tree, 304n;
on products of Ceylon, 315n;
St. Thomas’s, 358n;
Pepper Forest, 377n;
brazil-wood, 380n;
Thána, 396n
Oger, the Dane, i. [131n]
Ogotai Khan, see [Okkodai]
Oil from the Holy Sepulchre, i. [14], [19], [26];
fountain of (Naphtha) at Baku, [46], [49n];
whale, [108], [117n]
—— head (Capidoglio, or Sperm whale), ii. 411, 414n
—— walnut and Sesamé, i. 158, 162n
Oirad, or Uirad (Horiad), a great Tartar tribe, i. [300], [308n]
Okkodai Khan, third son of Chinghiz, [10], i. [65n], [206n], [227n], [228n], [236n], [247n], [437n]
Olak, Illuk, Aulak, see [Lac]
Old Man of the Mountain (Aloadin), [124], [127], i. [139–146];
his envoys to St. Lewis, [47n];
account of, [139];
how he trained his Assassins, [142];
the Syrian, [144];
his subordinate chiefs, [143], [145n];
his end, [145];
modern representative, [147n]
Oljaitu Khan, his correspondence with European princes, i. [14n], [36n], [362n];
his tomb, ii. 478n
Oman, ii. 348n, 452n
Omens, much regarded in Maabar, ii. 344, 351n;
by the Brahmans, 364, 368n, 369n
Onan Kerule, near Baikal, i. [236n]
Ondanique (fine kind of steel), Andaine, Andanicum, Hundwáníy, i. [90], [93n], [125n];
in Kerman, [90];
Chingintalas, [212], [215n]
Oppert, Dr. Gustavus, Book on Prester John, Der Presbyter Johannes in Sage and Geschichte, i. [231n–233n], [235n], [236n], [245n], [288n]
Orang Gugu, ii. 301n
Orang Malayu River, ii. 281n
Or Batuz, i. [388n]
Orbelian, John, identified by Bruun with Prester John, i. [233n–235n]
Ordos, the Mongols of, i. [249n]
Organa (Jerún), Persian Gerún, i. [115n]
Oriental phrases in Polo’s dictation, [84]
Orissa, ii. 426n
Orkhon River, i. [227n]
Orléans, defence of, ii. 165n
—— Isle d’, 277n
Orloks, or Marshals of the Mongol Host, i. [263], ii. 462n
Oroech, ii. 487, 489n
Oron, Mongol for a region or realm, i. [104n]
Orphani, strange customs of the, ii. 298n
Osci, the word, ii. 350n
Ostriches, ii. 431, 437n
Ostyaks, ii. 484n
Otto, Bishop of Freisingen, i. [233n], [234n]
Oulatay (Uladai), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. [32], [33n]
Ovis Poli, see [Sheep]
Oweke, see [Ucaca]
Owen, Professor, ii. 417n
Owen, Rev. Gray, on the Lolos, ii. 69n
Owo, Mongol for Musk, i. [279n]
Oxen, humped, in Kerman, i. [97], [99n];
wild, shaggy (Yaks), [274], [277n]
—— wild (Beyamini), in East Tibet, ii. 50;
Burma, 111, 114n;
in Bengal, 115, 116n;
Anin, 119;
worshipped, 341, 365, 370n;
figures of, worn, 365, 370n
Oxenham, Atlas, i. [433n], ii. 12n, 14n, 67n, 157n
Oxydracae, the, i. [93n]
Oxyrhynchus, ii. 434n
Oxus Valley and River, i. [152n], [161n], [172n], [173n], ii. 594n
Ozene, ii. 397n
Pacamuria (Baccanor), ii. 386n
Pacauta! (an invocation), ii. 338, 346n
Pacem, see [Pasei]
Paddle-wheel barges, ii. 211n
Paderin, Mr., visits Karákorum, i. [228n]
Pádishah Khátún of Kerman, i. [91n]
Padma Sambhava, i. [164n]
Pagán (in Burma), ii. 100n, 107n, 109n, 113n, 114n;
ruins at, [13];
empire of, ii. 279n
—— Old (Tagaung), ii. 107n, 113n
Pagaroyang, inscriptions from, ii. 286n
Paggi Islands, ii. 298n
Pagodas, Burmese, ii. 110, 114n;
alleged Chinese in India, 336n–337n, 391n
Pahang, ii. 279n
Paï, or Peyih tribe, ii. 60n, 120n
Paipurth (Baiburt), i. [46], [49n]
Pai-yen-ching, ii. 58n
Paizah, or Golden Tablet of Honour, i. [352n], [353n]
—— and Yarligh, i. [322n], [352n]
Pakwiha, China ware, ii. 243n
Pala, a bird, ii. 351n
Palace of Khan at Chagannor, i. [296];
at Chandu (Shangtu), [298];
of cane, [299];
at Langtin, [306];
Cambaluc, [362];
on Green Mount, [370];
at Kenjanfu (Si-ngan fu), ii. 24, 29n;
of the Empire of Manzi at Kinsay, 191, 192, 206, 212n;
in Chipangu, paved and roofed with gold, 253, 256n, 275n
Palembang, ii. 281n, 283n
Paliolle, Or de, for gold dust, ii. 52n
Palladius, the Archimandrite, i. [187n], [198n], [215n], [225n], [227n], [248n], [251n], [256n], [270n], [276n], [279n], [282n], [287n], [288n], [291n], [304n], [306n], [308n], [310n], [319n], [327n], [334n], [336n], [344n–347n], [358n], [389n], [397n], [402n], [407n], [408n], [430n], [456n], [461n], ii. 178n
Palm (Measure), ii. 592n
Palm Wine, see [Wine of Palm]
Pamier (Pamir), Plain of, i. [171];
its wild sheep, [171], [176n];
great height, [174n];
pasture, etc., [174n], [175n];
described by Hiuen Tsang, Wood, Goës, Abdul Mejid, Colonel Gordon and others, [174n–176n];
Dr. M. A. Stein on, ii. 593n–594n;
Lord Curzon on number of, 594n
Pan-Asiatic usages, i. [324n], [326n], ii. 359n
Pandarani, or Fandaraina, ii. 386n, 391n
Pandit Manphul, i. [162n], [163n], [173n], [154n–156n], [160n], [161n], [422n], [438n]
Pandrethan in Kashmir, Buddhist temple at, i. [167]
Pandyan kings, ii. 333n–335n, 373n–374n
Panja River, or Upper Oxus, i. [170], [172n–174n]
Panjáb, i. [104n]
Panjkora, i. [104n]
Panjshir, i. [162n], [165n], ii. 488n
Pantaleon, coins of, i. [163n]
Panthé, or Mahomedan Kingdom in
Yun-nan, ii. 80n
Panya (or Pengya), in Burma, ii. 113n
Pao-ki h’ien, ii. 32n, 34n
Paonano Pao, i. [173n], ii. 593n
Papé, Papesifu, ii. 117n, 128n
Paper-money (Chao), Kúblái’s made from bark, i. [423–425], [426n–430n];
modern, [428n].
(See also [Currency].)
Papien River, ii. 128n
Paquier, Professor, i. [172n], [183n]
Paradise, Apples of, i. [97], [99n]
—— in legend of the Cross, [136n]
—— of Persia, [114n]
—— of the Old Man of the Mountain, i. [140], [142];
destroyed, [145]
—— Rivers of, [9n]
Parákráma Bahu I., ii. 334n
Paramisura, founder of Malacca, ii. 282n
Parapomisadae, ii. 402n
Parasol, i. [354n]
Paravas, ii. 372n
Parez, Pariz, turquoise mines of, i. [92n]
—— falcons of, [96n]
Pariahs (Paraiyar), ii. 228n;
etymology of, ii. 349n
Parker, E. H., i. [263n], [291n], [312n], [345n], [360n], [381n], [433n], ii. 60n, 74n, 88n, 104n, 148n, 151n, 169n, 207n;
on Pasei, [296n]
Parlák, or Perlak, see [Ferlec]
—— Tanjong, ii. 287n
Parliament, Tartar, ii. 495
Parpa iron mines, i. [93n]
Parrot, Professor, first to ascend Mount Ararat, i. [49n]
Parrots, ii. 376, 431
Partridges, i. [88];
black, [99n];
Jirufti, [111n];
great (Chakors), [296], [297n];
in mew, [298n].
(See also [Francolin].)
Parwana, a traitor eaten by the Tartars, i. [312n]
Paryán silver mines, i. [162n]
Pascal of Vittoria, Friar, i. [9n]
Pasei, Pacem (Basma), a kingdom of Sumatra, ii. 284–285, 288n–289n, 292, 296n, 305n
—— Bay of, 296n
—— History of, 288n–289n
Pasha-Afroz, i. [165n]
Pasha and Pashagar tribes, i. [165n]
Pashai, i. [164];
what region intended, [164], [165n]
—— Dir, i. [98], [104n]
Passo (or Pace), Venetian, ii. 280, 281n, 592n
Patarins, heretics, [108], i. [303], [321n], ii. 342n
Patera, debased Greek, from Badakhshán, i. [159], [160n]
Patlam, ii. 337n
Patra, or Alms-dish of Buddha, ii. 320, 328n;
miraculous properties, 330n;
Holy Grail of Buddhism, 330n
Patriarchs of Eastern Christians, i. [60], [61n], ii, 407, 409n.
(See also [Catholicos] and [Nestorian].)
Patteik-Kará, ii. 99n, 100n
Patterns, beast and bird, on silk, etc., i. [66n], [90], [95], [96n], [398n], ii. 424n
Patu, see [Batu]
Paukin (Pao-ying), ii. 152
Pauthier, G., remarks on text of Polo, [92] seqq., et passim
Paved roads in China, ii. 189, 198n
—— streets of Kinsay, ii. 189
Payan, see [Bayan]
Payangadi, ii. 387n
Pa-yi writing, specimen of, ii. 65n
Peaches, yellow and white (apricots), ii. 202, 210
Peacocks at St. Thomas’s, ii. 355;
special kind in Coilum, ii. 376
Pearls, i. [60], [107], [350], [387], [390], [394], [424], ii. 338, 373n;
in Caindu, 53, 56n, 231, 235;
rose-coloured in Chipangu, 254, 257n;
fishery of, 331, 332, 337n, 344, 372n;
pearls and precious stones of kingdom of Maabar, 338, 364, 368n
Pears, enormous, ii. 202, 210n
Pedir, ii. 289n
Pedro, Prince of Portugal, [110], [135]
Pegu and Bengal confounded, ii. 99n, 115n, 128n
Pei-chau (Piju), ii. 141
Pein (Pim), province, i. [191], [192n];
site of, ii. 595n
Peking, white pagoda at, ii. 347n.
(See [Cambaluc].)
Pelly, Col. Sir Lewis, British Resident at Bushire, i. [85n], [86n], [110n], [114n], [117n]
Pema-ching, ii. 35n
Pemberton, Captain R., ii. 79n
Pentam (Bintang), ii. 280n, 284
Pepper, daily consumption of, at Kinsay, ii. 204;
change in Chinese use of, 210n;
great importation at Zayton, duty on, 235, 242n;
white and black, 264, 272;
in Coilum, 375;
Eli and Cananore, 385, 388n;
Melibar, 389;
Guzerat, 393, 394n;
trade in, to Alexandria, 235, 389, 438
Pepper Country, ii. 377n
Peregrine falcons, i. [269], ii. 487
Perla (Ferlec), ii. 287n
Persia, extent of name to Bokhara, i. [10n];
spoken of, [75], [78];
three Magi of [78];
its eight kingdoms, [83]
Persia and India, boundary of, ii. 402n
Persian applied to language of foreigners at Mongol Court, i. [380n], ii. 5n
Persian Gulf (Sea of India?), i. [63], [64n]
Pesháwar, ii. 330n
Peter, Tartar slave of Marco Polo’s, [72]
Pharaoh’s rats (Gerboa), i. [252], [254n], ii. 480, 517n
Phayre, Major-General Sir Arthur, ii. 100n, 105n, 113n, 114n
Pheasants, large and long tailed, i. [275], ii. 22, 153;
Reeves’s, i. [280n]
Pheng (the Rukh), ii. 421n
Philip the Fair, i. [14n], [87n]
Philip III. and IV. of France, i. [87n]
Philippine Islands, ii. 265n, 266n
Phillips, G., ii. 220n–222n, 224n, 228n, 230n, 232n, 233n, 238n, 239n, 240n–241n, 278n, 279n, 296n, 297n, 308n, 314n, 315n, 596n
Phipps, Captain, ii. 373n
Phra Râma, Siamese kings so-called, ii. 278n
Phungan, Phungan-lu (Fungul?), 127n, 129n
Physician, a virtuous, i. [461n]
Physicians, ii. 203, 376
Pianfu (P’ing-yang fu), ii. 13, 16n, 25n
Piccoli, ii. 66, 74n
Pichalok, ii. 279n
Pievtsov, General, i. [188n];
expedition, [200n]
Pigeon posts, i. [438n]
Pig-shells, ii. 85
Piju (Pei-chau), ii. 141
Pilgrimage, to Adam’s Sepulchre in Ceylon, ii. 319;
to Shrine of St. Thomas, 353
“Pillar Road,” ii. 32n
Pima (Pim), i. [191], [192n]
Pinati, king of Kaulam, ii. 380n
Pine woods in Mongolian desert, i. [224]
—— in South China, ii. 251n
P’ing-chang, Fanchán, or second class Minister, i. [432n]
P’ing-yang fu (Pianfu), ii. 13, 16n, 25n
Pinna-Cael (Punnei-Káyal), ii. 372n
Pipino, Friar Francesco, [66], [81], [95], [103], i. [19n], [22n], [23n], [144n], [156n], [395n], ii. 120n, 517n
Pirabandi or Bir Pandi (Vira Pandi), ii. 333n–335n
Pirada, ii. 305n
Pirates of Malabar, ii. 389–390n;
Guzerat 392;
Tana, 395;
Somnath, 400n;
Socotra, 407, 410n
Piratical customs at Eli, ii. 385, 390n
Pistachioes, i. [97], [114n], [125n], [153], [155n]
Plane, Oriental or Chínár, i. [127], [128n], [131n], [135n], [138n]
Plano Carpini, [15], passim
Pog, or Fiag River, i. [54n]
Poison, antidote to, ii. 79
Poisoning guests, custom of, ii. 84n
Poisonous pasturage, i. [217], [218n]
Poison wind, i. [108], [120n]
Poland, Mongol invasion of, ii. 493n
Pole, or Jackdaw on Polo’s scutcheon, [7]
Pole-star, invisible in Java the Less, ii. 284, 292;
visible again in India, 382, 389, 392, 397
Police, of Cambaluc, i. [414];
Kinsay, [187], [188]
Politeness of Chinese, i. [457], [462n]
Polo, Andrea, grandfather of Marco, [8], [14], [26]
—— Antonio, illegitimate son of Elder Marco, [26]
—— Bellela, second daughter, [69], [71];
died before 1333, [76], ii. 506n
—— Donata, wife of Traveller, [69], [71];
sale of property to her husband, [30], ii. 507, 512;
death between 1333–1336, [76];
before Council, [77];
may have been Loredano, [69], [77], ii. 510n, 512n, 518n, 520n
—— or Bragadino, Fantina, eldest daughter of Traveller, [69], [71], [76], ii. 506n, 513n
—— Felice, a cousin, [25], [64]
—— Fiordelisa, wife of last, [25], [65]
Polo, Fiordelisa, daughter of Maffeo the Younger, [17], [64]
—— Maffeo, brother of Nicolo, [14], [15], [64];
in Kan-chau, i. [220];
time of death between 1309 and 1318, [66]
—— Maffeo, brother of Traveller, [15], [16];
probabilities as to birth, [17], [18], [25];
will of, [26], ii. 510n;
abstract from, [64–66]
—— Marco, the elder son of Andrea, Uncle of the Traveller, [14];
his will, [17], [25], [26], i. [4], ii. 510n
—— Marco, the Traveller, veracity, perplexities in his biography, [1];
Ramusio’s notices, extracts from, [2] seqq.;
recognition of his names of places, paralleled with Columbus, [3], [105];
nicknamed Millioni, [6], [67];
story of his capture at Curzola, [6];
writes his book in prison at Genoa, [6];
release and marriage, [7];
arms, [7];
claim to nobility, [14];
supposed autograph, ib.;
his birth, circumstances of, [15];
is taken to East, [18];
employed by Kúblái, mentioned in Chinese Records, [21], see i. [420];
mission to Yun-nan, [21];
governor of Yang-chau, [22];
employed at Kan-chau, Kara Korum, Champa and Indian Seas, [22];
returns home, [23–24];
mentioned in his Uncle Marco’s will, [25];
commands a galley at Curzola, [46];
taken prisoner and carried to Genoa, [48];
his imprisonment there, [52];
dictates his book to Rusticiano, [52];
release and return to Venice, [52];
evidence as to story of capture, [53–55];
dying vindication of his book, [54];
executor to his brother Maffeo, [64];
record of exemption from municipal penalty, [66];
gives copy of book to T. de Cepoy, [68];
marriage and daughters, [69];
lawsuit with Paulo Girardo, proceeding regarding house property, [70];
illness and last will, [70–74];
probable date of death, [74];
place of burial, [74];
professed portraits of, [75–76];
alleged wealth, [77];
estimate of him and of his book, [104] seqq.;
true claims to glory, [106];
faint indications of personality, [107];
rare indications of humour, [108];
absence of scientific notions, [109];
geographical data in book, [109];
his acquisition of languages, ignorance of Chinese, deficiencies in Chinese notices, [110];
historical notices, [111];
allusions to Alexander, [113];
incredulity about his stories, [115];
contemporary recognition, [116] seqq.;
by T. de Cepoy, Friar Pipino, [118];
J. d’Acqui, Giov. Villani, and P. d’Abano, [119];
notice by John of Ypres, [121];
borrowings in poem of Bauduin de Sebourc, [121] seqq.;
Chaucer and, [128];
influence on geography, obstacles to its effect, [129];
character of mediæval cosmography, [130];
Roger Bacon as geographer, [131];
Arab maps, [132];
Marino Sanudo’s map, [133];
Medicean, [134];
Carta Catalana largely based on Polo’s, [134];
increased appreciation of Polo’s book, [135];
confusions of nomenclature, [136];
introduction of block-printing into Europe and Polo, [138–141];
dictates his narrative, i. [2];
found at Venice, [18];
his age, [19n], [22], [26];
noticed and employed by Kúblái, [27];
grows in favour, many missions, [30], [31];
returns from one to India, [32];
escapes from the Karaunas, [99], [106n];
hears of breed of Bucephalus, [158];
recovers from illness in hill climate, [159];
hears from Zulficar about Salamander, [213];
at Kan-chau, [220];
brings home hair of yak, [274];
and head and feet of musk deer, [275];
witnesses events connected with Ahmad’s death, [420], [422n];
noticed in Chinese annals, [422n];
whether he had to do with Persian scheme of paper currency in 1294, [428n];
sent by Khan into Western provinces, ii. 3;
governor of Yang-chau, 154;
probable extent of his authority, 157n;
aids in constructing engines for siege of Siang-yang, 159 seqq.;
difficulties as to this statement, 167n seqq.;
on number of vessels on Great Kiang, 170;
ignorant of Chinese, 183;
on greatness of Kinsay, 185;
his notes, 193n;
sent to inspect amount of revenue from Kinsay, 216;
his great experience, 236;
never in islands of Sea of Chin, 265;
in kingdom of Chamba, 268, 271n;
historical anecdotes, 270n;
detained five months in Sumatra, stockade party against wild people, 292;
brings Brazil seed to Venice, 299;
partakes of tree-flour (sago), 300;
takes some to Venice, 305n;
in six kingdoms of Sumatra, 300;
witnesses arrest for debt in Maabar, 343;
his erroneous view of Arabian coast, [110], ii. 452n;
Indian geography, 403n;
his unequalled travels, 501;
Venetian documents about him, 510n–521n
—— Marco, called Marcolino, son of Nicolo the Younger, [65], [77], [78], ii. 510n
—— Marco, last male survivor, [8], [78], [79], ii. 510n
—— Marco, others of this name, [66], [79], [80], ii. 508n, 509n
—— Maroca, sister of Nicolo the Younger, [15], [25], i. [4n]
—— or Delfino, Moreta, youngest daughter, [69], [71], [76], ii. 506n, 513n
Polo, Nicolo and Maffeo, sons of Andrea,
their first journey, [15] seqq.;
cross Black Sea to Soldaia, i. [2];
visit Volga country, etc., [4];
go to Bokhara, [9];
join envoys to Khan’s Court, [10];
Kúblái’s reception of, [11];
sent back as envoys to Pope, [13];
receive a Golden Tablet, [15];
reach Ayas, [16];
Acre, [17];
Venice, [18];
find young Marco there, ib.
—— Nicolo, Maffeo and Marco, proceed to Acre, i. [19];
set out for East, recalled from Ayas, [20];
set out again with Pope’s letters, etc., [22];
reach Kúblái’s Court, [25];
are welcomed, [26];
see on their journey outward, [19];
their alleged service in capture of Siang-yang, [22], ii. 158, 159;
Khan refuses them permission to return home, i. [32];
allowed to go with ambassadors, [33];
receive Golden Tablets, [34];
on return see also [23], [24];
story of their arrival at Venice, [4];
scheme to assert their identity, [5]
—— Nicolo, his alleged second marriage and sons, [7], [15];
probable truth as to time of, [17];
his illegitimate sons, [25];
approximate time of his death, [64];
his tomb, [7], [74]
—— Nicolo the Younger, cousin of traveller, [15], [25], [65], i. [4n]
—— Stefano and Giovannino, illegitimate brothers of Traveller, [25], [30], [65]
—— (?), or Trevisano(?), Fiordelisa, perhaps second wife of Nicolo Polo the Elder, and mother of Maffeo the Younger, [17], [25], [27]
—— or Trevisano, Maria, last survivor of the family, [8], [78], [79];
doubts as to her kindred, [79], ii. 510n
—— Family, its duration and end, according to Ramusio, [7–8];
origin, [13];
last notices of, [76] seqq. (For relationship of different Polos, see table, ii. 506n.)
—— Family, branch of S. Geremia, [14], [66], ii. 507n–509n
Po-lut (Pa-lut), incense, ii. 304n
Polygamy, i. [220], [252], [276], ii. 371;
supposed effect on population, i. [437n–438n], ii. 268, 339
Pomilo (Pamir), i. [174n]
Pompholyx, i. [126n]
Ponent, or West, term applied by Polo to Kipchak, the Mongol Khanate of the Volga, see [Kipchak]
Pong (Mediæval Shan State), ii. 79n, 113n
Poods, Russian, i. [162n]
Popinjays, i. [107]
Population, vast, of Cathay, i. [437n–438n]
Porcelain manufacture, ii. 235, 242n;
fragments found at Kayál, 373n;
Chinese, 595n
—— shells, see [Cowries]
Porcupines, i. [154], [156n]
Pork, mention of, omitted, ii. 210n
Postín, sheep-skin coat, i. [153], [155n]
Posts, post-houses and runners, i. [433] et seqq., [438n];
in Siberia, ii. 480
Po-sz’ (Persia), ii. 437n
Potala at L’hasa, i. [319n]
Pottinger, i. [94n], [96n]
Poultry, kind of, in Coilum, ii. 376;
in Abyssinia (guinea-fowl?), 431, 437n
Pound, sterling, [71], ii. 591n
Pourpre, or Purpura, i. [66n], [389n]
P’o-yang Lake, ii. 243n
Pozdneiev, Professor, i. [228n]
Precious stones or gems, [5], i. [75], [76n], [107], [350], [390], [394], [424], ii. 202, 231, 235, 236, 254, 264, 313, 315n, 338, 361, 362n;
how discovered by pirates, 392
Prester John (Unc Can, Aung or Ung Khan), i. [27n], [239];
Tartar tribute to, [226];
account of, [231n–237n];
marriage relations with Chinghiz, [239];
insults Chinghiz’ envoys, [239];
“these be no soldiers,” [240];
marches to meet Chinghiz, [241];
real site of battle with Chinghiz, [242];
his real fate, ib.;
slain in battle, [244];
his lineage in Tenduc, [284], [288n];
and the Golden King, ii. 17–22
Prices of horses, see [Horses]
Printing, imaginary connection of Polo’s name with introduction of [139] seqq.
Private names supposed, i. [361n]
Prjevalsky, Colonel N. M., i. [198n], [206n], [216n], [249n], [276n], [277n], ii. 23n, 29n, 61n
Probation of Jogis, ii. 366;
parallel, 370n
Prophecy regarding Bayan, ii. 145, 149n
Proques, the word, ii. 370n
Prostitutes, at Cambaluc, i. [414];
Kinsay, ii. 202–203
Provinces, thirty-four of Kúblái’s Empire, i. [430]
Pseudo-Callisthenes, [113], i. [56n], [57n]
Ptolemies’ trained African elephants, ii. 434n
Ptolemy, [2], [129], [131], i. [24n], [88n], [91n];
Sarmatic Gates, i. [53n]
P’u-chau fu, ii. 25n, 26n
Pu-ch’eng, ii. 224n
Puer and Esmok, ii. 57n, 117n
Pukan Mien-Wang, ii. 113n
Pulad Chingsang, ii. 218n
Pulisanghin, River and Bridge, [111], [136], ii. 3–4, 5n
Pulo Bras, ii. 307n
Pulo Condore (Sondur and Condur), ii. 276, 277n
Pulo Gommes (Gauenispola), ii. 307n
Pulo Nankai, or Nási, ii. 307n
Pulo Wé, Wai, or Wey, ii. 307
Punnei-Káyal, ii. 372n
Puránas, the, i. [58n]
Purpura, see [Pourpre]
Putchok, ii. 397n
Putu-ho, “Grape R.,” ii. 16n
Pygmies, factitious(?), ii. 285
Qal’ah Asgher, hot springs at, i. [122n]
Qara Arslán Beg, king of Kermán, i. [92n]
Quails in India, ii. 345
Queen of Mutfili, ii. 360
Quicksilver and sulphur potion, ii. 365, 369n
—— as regarded by alchemists, 369n
Quills of the Ruc, see [Ruc]
Quilon, Kaulam, etc., see [Coilum]
Qumādin (Camadi), i. [113n]
Rabelais, i. [100n]
Rabbanta, a Nestorian monk, i. [243n]
Radloff, Dr. W., i. [28n];
map, [229n], [230n]
Ráin, i. [113n]
Rainald, of Dassel, Archbishop, i. [82n]
Rain-makers, see [Conjurers]
Rainy season, ii. 343, 351n
Rajkot leather-work, ii. 395
Rakka, Rákshasas, ii. 298n, 308n, 312n
Rama Kamheng, king, ii. 278n
Rameshwaram, ii. 335n
Ramnad, ii. 335n
Rampart of Gog and Magog, i. [57n], [292n]
Ramusio, Giov. Battista, passim;
his biographical notices of Polo, [2] et seqq., [52];
his edition of Polo, [96–101], ii. 208n, 212n, 374n
Ráná Paramitá’s Woman Country, ii. 405n
Ranking, John, i. [339n]
Raonano-Rao, i. [173n], ii. 593n
Rapson, E. J., ii. 595n
Ras Haili, ii. 386n
—— Kumhări, ii. 383n
Rashíduddín, alias Fazl-ulla Rashid, Persian statesman and historian of the Mongols, [121];
frequently quoted in the Notes.
Ravenala tree (Urania speciosa), ii. 421n, 597n
Raw meat eaten, ii. 66, 76n, 85
Rawlinson, Sir H., i. [58n], [82n], [85n], [87n], [114n], [115n], [152n], [166n], [192n], [195n]
Reclus, Asie russe, i. [54n];
on Caspian Sea fisheries, [59n]
Red gold and red Tangas, ii. 349n
Re Dor, ii. 19n
Red Sea, trade from India to Egypt by, ii. 438;
described in some texts as a river, 439n;
possible origin of mistake [93]
Red sect of Lamas, i. [315n], [319n]
Refraction, abnormal, ii. 419n
Reg Ruwán, of Kabul, i. [202n]
—— of Seistán, i. [202n]
Reindeer ridden, i. [269], [271n]
Religion, indifference of Chinghizide Princes to, i. [14n], [349n], ii. 477n;
occasional power of among Chinese, i. [460n] seqq.
Remission of taxation by Kúblái, i. [439]
Rennell, Major James, ii. 402n
Reobarles (Rúdbár, etc.), i. [97], [109], [111n], [114n]
Revenue of Kinsay, ii. 189, 190, 215 et seqq.
Rhinoceros (Unicorn), in Sumatra, ii. 285, 290n;
habits, 290n;
four Asiatic species, 289n
—— Tichorinus, ii. 419n
Rhins, Dutreuil de, i. [190n], [192n], [276n]
Rhubarb, Rheum palmatum, i. [217], [218n], [279n], ii. 181, 183n
Riant, Comte, ii. 593n
Ricci, Matteo, i. [347n], [451n], [454n]
Rice, ii. 33, 56, 85, 115, 117, 123, 174, 202, 292, 300, 313, 342, 354, 360, 401, 404, 423, 431
Rice-wine, i. [441n];
at Yachi, ii. 66
—— trade on Grand Canal, ii. 174
Richard II., i. [42n]
Richthofen, Baron F. von, i. [106n], [198n], [218n], [295n], ii. 14n–16n, 19n, 23n, 26n, 27n, 29n, 32n, 34n, 35n, 38n, 40n, 42n, 45n, 48n, 57n, 60n, 67n, 80n;
on Fungul, 129n;
on Tanpiju, 220n
Right and Left, ministers of the, i. [432n]
Rio Marabia, ii. 387n
Rishis (Eremites) of Kashmir, i. [166], [169n]
“River of China,” ii. 222n, 243n
Roads radiating from Cambaluc, i. [433]
Robbers in Persia, i. [84], [87n], [98], [99], [101n]
Robbers’ River, i. [114n]
Robes distributed by Kúblái, i. [387], [388n], [394]
Roborovsky, Lieutenant, i. [188n]
Rochefort, “faire la couvade,” ii. 94n
Rockets, i. [342n]
Rockhill (Rubruck and Diary of a Journey), i. [5n], [8n], [9n], [277n], [279n], [282n], [283n], [294n], [295n], [306n], [308n–310n], [312n], [319n], [321n], [324n], [325n], [353n], [354n], [384n], [385n], [389n], [393n], [429n], [437n], ii. 491n;
on the titles Khan, Khatun, etc., [10];
on horn horse-shoes, i. [177n];
earliest mention of name Mongol in Oriental works, [294n];
Mongol storm-dispellers, [310n];
charge of cannibalism against Tibetans, [312n];
on Bönbo Lamas, [325n];
Tablets (hu), [354n];
mechanical contrivances at E. Court, [385n];
Mongol etiquette, [393n];
Chinese leather-money, [429n];
Mongol post-stations, [437n];
pocket-spitoons, [462n];
from Peking to Si-ngan fu, ii. 5n;
descent of Yellow River, 23n;
road between T’ung-kwan and Si-ngan fu, 27n;
two famous Uigur Nestorians, 28n;
on the word Salar, 29n;
on the Hui-hui sects, 30n;
on the Alans, 180n;
on branch of Volga Bulgars, 489n
Rofia palm (sagus ruffia), ii. 597n
Roiaus dereusse(?), ii. 395n
Rome, the Sudarium at, i. [213]
Rondes, ingenious but futile explanation of, i. [410n]
Rook, in Chess, ii. 419n
Rori-Bakkar, Sepoy name for Upper Sind, i. [86n]
Rosaries, Hindu, ii. 338, 347n
Rostof and Susdal, Andrew, Grand Duke of, i. [7n]
Roth, H. Ling, on couvade, ii. 596n
Rouble, ii. 488n
Roxana, daughter of Darius, wife of Alexander, i. [151], [152n], [157]
Roze de l’Açur, i. [370n]
Rubies, Balas, [5], i. [157], [161n];
of Ceylon, ii. 313, 315n;
of Adam’s Peak, 316n
Rubruquis, or Rubruc, Friar William de, 15, [104], [132], i. [57n], [65n], [227n], [230n], [239n], [242n], [253n], [264n], [278n], [308n], [309n], [354n], [384n], [385n], [389n], [426n], [437n]
Ruby mines in Badakhshan, i. [161n]
Ruc (Rukh), or Gryphon, bird called, described, ii. 412–413;
its feathers and quills, 413, 420n, 596n–598n;
wide diffusion and various forms of fable, 415n;
eggs of the Aepyornis, 416n;
Fra Mauro’s story, 417n;
genus of that bird, condor, 417n, 420n;
discovery of bones of Harpagornis in New Zealand, 418n;
Sindbad, Rabbi Benjamin, romance of Duke Ernest, 418n;
Ibn Batuta’s sight of Ruc, 419n;
rook in chess, 419n;
various notices of, 420n–421n
Rúdbár-i-Laṣṣ, Robbers’ River, i. [114n]
—— (Reobarles), district and River, i. [97], [109], [111n], [114n]
Rudder, single, noted by Polo as peculiar, i. [108];
double, used in Mediterranean, [117n]
Rúdkhánah-i-Duzdi (Robbers’ River), i. [114n]
Rúdkhánah-i-Shor (Salt River), i. [111n]
Rudra Deva, King of Telingana, ii. 362n
Rudrama Devi, Queen of Telingana, 362n
Rukh, Shah, i. [86n], [191n], [211n], [218n], [392n], [396n]
Ruknuddin, Mahmud, Prince of Hormuz, i. [120n]
—— Masa’úd, i. [120n]
—— Khurshah, son of Alaodin, Prince of the Ismaelites, i. [146n]
Rúm, i. [44n]
Runiz, i. [86n]
Ruomedam-Ahomet, King of Hormuz, i. [110], [121n]
Rupen, Bagratid, founder of Armenian State in Cilicia, i. [42n]
Rupert, Prince, ii. 486n
Rüppell’s Table of Abyssinian kings, ii. 435n
Russia (Rosia), annexes Georgia, i. [53n], ii. 486;
great cold, Arab accounts of, 487;
silver mines, 488n;
subject to Tartars, 489n;
conquered by Batu, 489n
—— leather, i. [6n], [394], [395n];
clothes of, [295n]
Russians, trusty lieges of king, ii. 348n
Rusták, i. [173n]
Rusticiano of Pisa, introduces himself in prologue, i. [1], [141n], [263n];
writes down Polo’s book, [52], [55] seqq., [84], [112];
extracts and character of his compilation, [61] seqq., [143];
his real name, [61];
his other writings, [89]
Ruysch’s map, [135]
Saadi, i. [85n]
Saba (Sava, Savah), city of the Magi, i. [78], [80], [81n]
Sabaste, see [Sivas]
Sable, its costliness, i. [405], [409n–410n], ii. 479, 481, 484, 486n, 487
Sabreddin, ii. 437n
Sabzawur, i. [150n]
Sachiu (Sha-chau), i. [203], [206n]
Sacrifices of people of Tangut, i. [204]
—— human, i. [208n], ii. 303n
Sadd-i-Iskandar, rampart of Alexander, i. [53n], [54n], [57n]
Saffron, fruit-serving purposes of, ii. 225, 226n
Sagacity of sledge-dogs, ii. 483n
Sagamon Borcan, see [Sakya Muni Buddha]
Sagatu, general of Kúblái’s, ii. 267, 270n
Saggio (⅙ oz.), i. [350], [353n], ii. 54, 57n, 76, 215, 216, 217n, 339, 347n, 592n
Sago, ii. 300, 304n, 305n
Saianfu, see Siang-yang-fu
Saif Arad, king of Abyssinia, ii. 437n
Saifuddin Nazrat, ruler of Hormuz, i. [120n]
Saimur (Chaul), ii. 367n
Sain Khan (or Batu), ii. 490, 491
St. Anno of Cologne, i. [130n]
St. Barlaam and St. Josafat, story of a Buddhist christianised, ii. 323n seqq.
St. Barsauma (Barsamo, Brassamus), and monastery of, i. [77]
St. Blasius (Blaise), Church at Sivas, i. [43], [45n]
St. Brandon, ii. 312n
St. Buddha! ii. 325n seqq.
St. Epiphanius, ii. 362n
St. George, Church of, in Sivas, i. [45n];
at Quilon, ii. 377n
St. Helena, i. [58n]
St. James’ Shrine, Gallicia, ii. 319
St. John the Baptist, Church of, in Samarkand, i. [185]
—— Major Oliver, i. [57n], [92n], [96n], [105n], [112n], [114n], [120n]
St. Leonard’s Convent in Georgia, and the fish miracle, i. [52], [58n]
St. Lewis, i. [27n], [47n], [67n], [87n];
his campaign on the Nile, ii. 165n, 593n
St. Martin, Vivien de, Map, i. [164n], [192n]
St. Mary’s Island, Madagascar, ii. 414n
St. Matthew, Monastery near Mosul, i. [61n]
St. Matthew’s Gospel, story of the Magi, i. [82n]
St. Nina, i. [58n]
St. Sabba’s at Acre, [42]
St. Thomas, the Apostle, ii. 321n, 323n, 325n;
his shrine in India, 341, 353, 355n;
his murderers, and their hereditary curse, 350n;
reverenced by Saracens and heathen, 353;
miracles in India, 354, 356n;
story of his death, 355, 357n;
tradition of his preaching in India, 356n;
translation of remains to Edessa, 357n;
King Gondopharus of legend a real king, 357n;
Roman Martyrology, 357n;
the localities, 358n;
alleged discovery of reliques, 358n seqq.;
the Cross, 358n;
church ascribed to, 378n;
in Abyssinia, 427
St. Thomas’s Isle, ii. 403n
—— Mounts, ii. 358n
Saker falcons, i. [158], [162n], [223], ii. 50
Sakta doctrines, i. [323n]
Sakya Muni (Sagamon Borcan) Buddha, i. [164n], [324n], [348n], ii. 265n, 308n;
death of, i. [170n];
recumbent figures of, [219], [221n];
story of, ii. 316 seqq.;
his footmark on Adam’s Peak, 321n;
Alms dish, Holy Grail, 328n–330n;
tooth relique, 319–320, 330n
Salamander, the, i. [213], [216n]
Salar (Ho-chau), ii. 29n
Salem, dragoman, explores Rampart of Gog, i. [57n]
Salghur, Atabegs of Fars, i. [85n], [121n]
Sálih, Malik, son of Badruddín Lúlú, i. [61n]
Salsette Island, ii. 325n, 396n
Salt, H., his version of Abyssinian chronology, ii. 435n
—— rock, in Badakhshan, i. [153], [154n];
used for currency, ii. 45, 54, 57n;
extracted from deep wells, 58n, 66, 76n;
in Carajan province, 66, 76n;
manufactured in Eastern China, 133;
manufacture, revenue and traffic in, 152, 153, 155n, 215, 216, 217n;
trade on the Kiang, 171;
junks employed therein, 174n
—— stream, i. [124n]
Salwen River, or Lu-Kiang, i. [323n]
Samagar, ii. 471, 474n
Samána, ii. 427n
Samara, kingdom of, see [Sumatra]
Samarkand (Samarcan), i. [57n], [62n], ii. 458, 462;
story of a miracle at, i. [183], [186n];
colony near Peking from, [291n]
Sampson, Theos., on grapes in China, ii. 16n
Sámsúnji Báshi, i. [401n]
Samudra, see [Sumatra]
Samuel, his alleged tomb at Sávah, i. [81n]
San Giovanni Grisostomo, parish in Venice where the Ca’ Polo was, [4], [26], [53], [70], [71], [76];
theatre, [28]
San Lorenzo, Venice, burial place of Marco and his father, [7], [71], [74]
Sandu, see [Chandu]
Sanf, see [Champa]
Sangín, Sangkan River, ii. 5n, 6n
Sanglich, dialect of, i. [160n]
Sang-Miau, tribe of Kwei-chau, ii. 82n
Sangon, the Title (Tsiang-kiun), ii. 136, 138n
Sanitary effects of Mountain air, i. [158]
Sanjar, sovereigns of Persia, i. [233n]
Sankin Hoto, Dalai, i. [215n]
Sanuto of Torcelli, Marino, [118], i. [17n], [23n], [24n], [42n], [59n], [67n], [77n], [144n];
his World Map, [133];
on long range, ii. 166n
Sappan wood, see [Brazil]
Sapta-Shaila, ii. 386n
Sapurgan (Sabúrḳán, Shabúrḳán, Shibrgán), i. [149], [150n]
Saputa, Sçue, peculiar use of, i. [437n]
Saracanco (Saraichik), on the Yaik, i. [6n]
Saracens, see [Mahomedans]
Sarai (Sara), capital of Kipchak, i. [4];
city and its remains, [5n];
perhaps occupied successive sites, [6n]
—— Sea of (Caspian), i. [59n], ii. 494
Sáras, crane (grus Antigone), i. [297n]
Saratov, i. [9n]
Sarbizan Pass, i. [113n]
Sardines, ii. 444n
Sárdú Pass, i. [113n]
Sarghalan River, i. [156n]
Sărha, Port of Sumatra, ii. 294n
Sarhadd River, i. [175n]
Sar-i-kol, Lakes, i. [163n], [172n]
Sarsati, ii. 427n
Sartak, the Great Khan’s ambassador to Hulákú, i. [10n], [14n]
Sassanian dynasty, i. [61n]
Sati, see [Suttee]
Satin, probable origin of word, ii. 241n
Saum, Sommo, silver ingots used in Kipchak, ii. 488n;
apparently the original rouble, 488n
Sauromatae, ii. 466n
Sávah (Saba), i. [78], [80], [81n]
Savast (Siwas), i. [43], [44n]
Scanderoon, Gulf of, i. [16n]
Scasem, i. [156n]
Scherani, bandits, i. [101n]
Schiltberger, Hans, i. [131n]
Schindler, General Houtum-, i. [89n], [96n], [99n], [100n], [105n], [106n], [112n–115n], [122n], [126n], [308n], [310n], [314n]
Schlegel, Dr. G., i. [342n], [437n], [441n], ii. 281n, 596n
Schmidt, Professor I. J., i. [201n], [294n]
Schönborn, Carl, ii. 601n
Schuyler, Eugene, i. [54n]
Scidmore, Miss E., on the Tide, ii. 209n
Scotra, see [Socotra]
Sea of Chin, ii. 264, 265, 266n, 270n
—— England, ii. 265
—— Ghel, or Ghelan, i. [52]
—— India, i. [35], [63], [108], [166], ii. 265, 424
—— Rochelle, ii. 265
—— Sarain, i. [59], ii. 494
Seal, Imperial, i. [366], [424]
Sebaste, see [Sivas]
Sebourc, Bauduin de, see [Bauduin de Sebourc]
Sees of Latin Church, [186n], ii. 237n, 377n
—— Nestorian Church, i. [91n], [183n], [186n], [207n], [211n]
Sefavíehs, the, i. [90n]
Seilan, see [Ceylon]
Self-decapitation, ii. 349n
Selitrennoyé Gorodok (Saltpetre Town), i. [5n], [6n]
Seljukian dynasty, i. [44n]
—— Turks, i. [91n]
Selles, chevaux à deux, the phrase, ii. 440n
Semal tree, ii. 394n
Semedo, ii. 211n
Semenat, see [Somnath]
Sempad, Prince, High Constable of Armenia, i. [186n], [352n]
Sendal, a silk texture, ii. 10n, 37, 132, 182, 390, 464
Sendaus, generally Taffetas, ii. 10n
Sendemain, king of Seilan, ii. 313
Seneca, Epistles, i. [14n]
Senecherim, king of Armenia, i. [45n]
Seni, Verzino, ii. 380n
Senshing, i. [332n]
Sensin, ascetics, devotees living on bran, i. [303], [321n–327n]
Sentemur, ii. 98
Sepulchre of Adam, see [Adam’s Sepulchre]
—— of our Lord, i. [19];
oil from, [14], [19], [26]
Serano, Juan de, ii. 295n
Serazi (Shíráz), kingdom of Persia, i. [83], [85n]
Serendib, ii. 314n
Seres, Sinae, [12];
their tree wool, ii. 137n;
ancient character of the, 211n
Serpents, great, i.e. alligators, ii. 76 seqq., 81n, 360
Sertorius, ii. 348n
Sesamé, i. [158], [162n], ii. 431
Sesnes, mediæval form of cygnes, cigni, i. [297n]
Seta Ghella, seta Leggi (Ghellé), silk, i. [59n]
Seth’s mission to Paradise, i. [136n]
Sevan Lake, i. [58n]
Seven Arts, the, i. [13], [14n]
Severtsof, shoots the Ovis Poli, i. [175n], [177n];
on the name Bolor, [179n]
Seyyed Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar, ii. 420n
Shabánkára, or Shawánkára (Soncara), i. [83], [85n–86n]
Shabar, son of Kaidu, ii. 459n
Sha-chau (Sachin), “Sand-district,” i. [203], [206n]
Shadow, augury from length of, ii. 364
Sháh Abbás, i. [310n];
his Court, [385n]
—— Jahan, i. [168n]
Shahr-i-Babek, turquoise mine at, i. [92n]
Shahr-i-Nao (Siam), ii. 279n
Shahr Mandi, or Pandi, ii. 333n
Shah Werdy, last of the Kurshid dynasty, i. [85n]
Shaibani Khan, ii. 481n
Shaikh-ul-Jibal, i. [142n], [144n], [145n]
Shaikhs (Esheks), in Madagascar, ii. 411, 413n
Shakespeare, on relation of gold to silver, ii. 95n
Sháliát, ii. 440n
Shamanism, i. [257n], [315n], [324n], [325n], ii. 97n.
(See also [Devil-Dancing].)
Shampath, ancestor of Georgian kings, i. [52n]
Shamsuddin Shamatrani, ii. 303n
Shamuthera, see [Sumatra]
Shan (Laotian, or Thai), ii. 74n, 90n, 96n, 113n, 278n
—— race and country, ii. 117n, 128n
—— dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. 73n, 79n
—— ponies, ii. 82n
—— state of Pong, see [Pong]
Shanars of Tinnevelly, ii. 97n;
their devil-worship, 359n
Shang-hai, ii. 238n
Shangking-Fungking, i. [345n]
Shangtu, Shangdu (Chandu), i. [25n];
Kúblái’s City and Summer Palace, [298], [304n];
Dr. Bushell’s description of, [304n];
Kúblái’s annual visit to, [308n], [410]
Shangtu Keibung, i. [306n], [308n]
Shan-hai-kwan, i. [407n]
Shankárah, Shabankára (Soncara), i. [83], [85n], [86n]
Shan-si, ii. 12n, 14n, 15n, 23n, 25n, 32n, 135n, 143n, 167n
Shan-tung, ii. 137n, 141n, 143n;
silk in, 136, 137n;
pears from, 210n
Shao-hing-fu, ii. 220n–222n
Shao-ling, pariah caste of, ii. 228n
Sharakhs, i. [149n]
Shara-ul-buks (Forest of box on the Black Sea), i. [57n]
Sharks and shark charmers, ii. 332–337n
Shauls, or Shúls, the, i. [85n], [87n]
Shawánkára (Soncara), i. [83], [85n], [86n]
Shaw, R. B., i. [169n], [178n], [195n], [276n], [315n], ii. 16n
Shawls of Kerman, i. [96n]
Sheep, fat-tailed in Kerman, i. [97], [100n]
—— four-horned at Shehr, ii. 443, 494n
—— large Indian, ii. 361
—— none in Manzi, ii. 219
—— of Pamir (Ovis Poli), i. [171], [176n]
—— wild, of Badakhshan (Kachkar, Ovis Vignei), i. [158], [162n]
—— with trucks behind, [100n]
—— Zanghibar, ii. 422, 424n
Sheep’s head given to horses, ii. 351n
Shehr, or Shihr, see [Esher]
Shehrizor (Kerkuk), i. [62n]
Shenrabs, i. [324n]
Shen-si, ii. 23n, 25n, 26n, 31n, 32n, 167n, 237n
Shentseu tribe, ii. 120n
Sheuping, ii. 120n
Shewá, cool plateau of, i. [163n]
Shibrgán (Sapurgan), i. [149], [150n]
Shieng, Sheng, or Sing, the Supreme Board of Administration, i. [431], [432n], ii. 154, 157n
Shien-sien, Shin-sien, i. [322n]
Shighnan (Syghinan), ruby mines, i. [157], [161n], [172n]
Shijarat Malayu, or Malay Chronicle, ii. 287n, 288n, 294n, 296n, 300n, 302n
Shikárgáh, applied to animal pattern textures, Benares brocades, i. [66n]
Shing-king, or Mukden, i. [345n]
Ships, of the Great Khan, ii. 142;
of India at Fuju, 231;
of Manzi described, 249–251;
mediæval, accounts of, 252n–253n;
in Japan, 264;
in Java Seas, 274n;
at Eli, 386
Shíráz (Cerazi), i. [83], [85n]
Shireghi, ii. 462n
Shirha, ii. 436n
Shirwan, ii. 495n
Shi-tsung, Emperor, i. [310n]
Shoa, ii. 434n, 436n
Shob’aengs of Nicobar, ii. 308n
Shodja ed-din Kurshid, Kurd, i. [85n]
Shor-Rud (Salt River), i. [124n]
Shot of Military Engines, ii. 159, 163n, 164n–168n
Shpilevsky, i. [8n]
Shúlistán (Suolstan), i. [83], [85n]
Shúls of Shauls, people of Persia, i. [83n], [85n]
Shut up nations, legend of the, [114], [136], i. [57n]
Shwéli River, ii. 107n
Siam, ii. 277n–280n;
king of, 278n
Siang-yang-fu (Saianfu), Kúblái’s siege of, Polo’s aid in taking, [22], [112], ii. 158, 159;
difficulties in Polo’s account, 167n;
not removed by Pauthier, notice by Wassáf, Chinese account, Rashiduddin’s, 168n;
treasure buried, 169n
Siberia, ii. 479–481n
Sibree, on rofia palm, ii. 597n
Sick men put to death and eaten by their friends, ii. 293, 298n
Siclatoun, kind of texture, i. [283n]
Siddhárta, ii. 322n
Sidi Ali, i. [152n], [165n], [277n], ii. 5n, 402n, 444n, 453n
Sien, Sien-Lo, Sien-Lo-Kok (Siam, Lo-cac), ii. 277n–280n
Sifan, ii. 60n, 61n, 70n
Sigatay, see [Chagatai]
Sighelm, envoy from King Alfred to India, ii. 357n
Si Hia, language of Tangut, i. [29n]
Si-hu, Lake of Kinsay or Hang-chau, [186], [196n], [205n–207n], [211n], [214n]
Sijistán, i. [102n]
Siju (Suthsian), ii. 141
Sikintinju (Kien-chow), i. [343], [345n]
Silesia, Mongol invasion of, ii. 493n
Silk, called Ghellé (of Gilan), i. [52];
manufacture at Yezd, [88n];
at Taianfu, ii. 13;
in Shan-si and Shen-si, 22, 23n;
in Kenjanfu, 24;
Cuncun, 31;
Sindafu, 42n;
Kwei-chau, 126, 128n;
Tasinfu, 136, 137n;
Piju, 141;
Pao-ying-Hien, 152;
Nanghin, 157;
Chinhiang-fu, 176;
Chinginju, 178;
Suju, 181n;
Vughin, 182;
Kinsay, 187, 198n, 216;
Ghiuju, 219
—— cotton tree, ii. 394n
—— duty on, ii. 216
—— and gold stuffs, i. [41], [60], [63], [75], [107], [257], [285], [383], [387], [415], ii. 10, 24, 132, 152, 157, 176, 181, 206, 238n, 390, 411
—— stuffs and goods, Turcomania, i. [43];
Georgia, [50];
Baghdad, [63];
Yezd, [88];
Kerman, [90];
Tenduc province, [285];
Cambaluc, [415];
Juju, ii. 10;
Sindafu, 37;
Cacanfu, 132;
Chinangli, 135;
Suju, 181;
Vughin, 182;
Kinsay, 187;
in animal patterns, 63, 90;
with Cheetas, i. [398n];
of Kelinfu, ii. 225;
with giraffes, 424n
Silk, tent ropes, i. [405];
bed furniture, [434]
—— trade at Cambaluc, i. [415];
at Kinsay, ii. 187
—— worms, ii 13, 24
Silver chairs, i. [351], [355n]
—— imported into Malabar, ii. 390;
Cambay, 398
—— Island, ii. 174n
—— mines at Baiburt, i. [46];
Gumish-Khánah, [49n];
in Badakhshan, [157];
in N. Shansi, [285], [295n];
Yun-nan, ii. 95n;
Russian, 487, 488n
—— plate in Chinese taverns, ii. 187, 196n
Simon, Metropolitan of Fars, ii. 377n
—— Magus, i. [314n]
Simúm, effects of, i. [109], [120n]
Simurgh, ii. 415n, 419n
Sinbad, his story of the diamonds, ii. 362n;
of the Rukh, 418n
Sind (Sindhu-Sauvira), [12], i. [104n], [105n]
Sindábúr (Goa), ii. 390n, 440n
Sindachu (Siuen-hwa fu), i. [285], [295n]
Sindafu (Chengtu-fu), ii. 36, 38n, 127, 128n
Sindhu-Sauvira (Sindh-Ságor), i. [104n]
Si-ngan fu (Kenjanfu), ii. 24n, 25n, 29n, 34n;
Christian inscription at, 27n, 29n
Singapore, Singhapura, i. [37n], ii. 279n, 281n, 305n
Singkel, ii. 300n
Singphos, ii. 82n, 90n
Sings, ii. 238n
Singtur, Mongol Prince, ii. 111n
Singuyli (Cranganor), ii. 426n
Sinhopala (Accambale), king of Chamba, ii. 267
Sinju (Si-ning fu), i. [274], [276n]
—— (Ichin-hien), ii. 170
Sinju-matu, ii. 137, 138
Sínkalán, Sín-ul-Sín, Mahá-chin, or Canton, i. [294n], ii. 175n, 243n, 252n
Sinope, i. [45n]
Síráf (Kish, or Kais?), i. [65n]
Sir-i-Chashma, i. [58n]
Sirikol, Lake and River, i. [174n], [176n], [182n]
Sírján or Shirján, i. [92n], [122n]
Sis, i. [42n]
Sístán, i. [61n]
Sitting in air, i. [315n], [316n]
Siu-chau, ii. 129n–131n
Siuen-hwa-fu, see [Sindachu]
Siva, ii. 321n, 334n
Sivas, Siwas, Sebaste, Sevasd (Savast), i. [43], [44n], [45n]
Siwastán, ii. 427n
Siwi, gigantic cotton in, ii. 394n
Sixtus V., Pope, ii. 326n
Siya-gosh, or lynx, i. [399n]
Siyurgutmish, i. [91n]
Sladen, Major, ii. 82n, 90n, 95n, 107n, 198n
Slaves in Bengal, ii. 115
Sledges, dog-, ii. 480, 481n–483n
Sleeping-mats, leather, ii. 394, 395n
Sluices of Grand Canal, ii. 175n
Smith, G., Bishop of Hongkong, i. [347n]
Smith (R.E.), Major R. M., i. [89n], [96n],
[99n], [106n], [111n–114n]
Sneezing, omen from, ii. 364n
Socotra (Scotra), island of, ii. 404, 406, 408n;
history of, 408n–410n;
Christian Archbishop, 406;
aloes of, 409n
Soer (Suhar), ii. 340, 348n
Sofala, trade to China from, ii. 400n
Sogoman Borcan, see [Sakya Muni]
Sol, Arbre, see [Arbre]
Soldaia, Soldachia, Sodaya (the Oriental Sudák), [15], [26], i. [2], [3n], [4]
Soldan, a Melic, ii. 470, 472
Soldurii, trusty lieges of Celtic kings, ii. 348n
Soli, Solli (Chola, or Tanjore), kingdom of, ii. 335n, 364, 368n, 403n
Solomon, house of, in Abyssinia, ii. 434n
Soltania, Archbishop of, ii. 213n.
(See [Sultaniah].)
Somnath (Semenat), ii. 398, 400n;
gates of, 399, 400n–401n
Sonagar-pattanam, ii. 372n
Soncara (Shawankára), i. [83], [85n]
Sonder Bandi Davar, see [Sundara Pandi]
Sondur and Condur (Pulo Condore Group), ii. 276, 277n
Sorcerers, sorceries of Pashai (Udyana), i, [164];
Kashmir, [166], [168n], [301], ii. 593n;
Lamas and Tibetans, ib., 314n–318n
—— Dagroian, ii. 293, 298n;
Socotra, 407, 410n.
(See also [Conjurers].)
Sornau (Shahr-i-Nau), Siam, ii. 279n
Sotiates, tribe of Aquitania, ii. 348n
Soucat, ii. 277
Southey, St Romuald, ii. 84n
Spaan, Ispahan, i. [85n]
Sposk, district, i. [7n]
Spezerie, i. [43n]
Spice, Spicery, i. [41], [60], [107], [205], [302], [382], [441], ii. 49, 56, 66, 115, 116, 123, 202, 216, 234, 264, 272, 284, 389, 390n, 423, 438, 450
Spice wood, i. [405], [409n]
Spices in China, duty on, ii. 216
Spikenard, ii. 115, 272, 284, 287n, 390
Spinello Aretini, fresco by, i. [118n]
Spirit drawings and spiritual flowers, i. [460n]
Spirits haunting deserts, i. [197], [209n], [274]
Spiritualism in China, i. [325n]
Spitoons, pocket, i. [458], [462n]
Spodium (Spodos), i. [125], [126n]
Sport and game, i. [41], [88], [91], [149], [151], [153], [158], [160], [171], [223], [252], [260], [275], [285], [296], [299], [397], [400–406], [411];
in Shan-si, ii. 22;
Cachanfu, 24;
Cuncun, 31;
Acbalec Manzi, 34;
Tibet, 50;
Caindu, 56;
Zardandan, 85;
Mien, 111;
Linju, 140;
Cagu, 153;
Nanghin, 157;
Saianfu, 158;
Ching-hiang-fu, 176;
Chinginju, 178;
Changan, 182;
Kinsay, 201, 207, 219;
Fuju, 225, 226, 234;
Lambri, 299;
Maabar, 345;
Comari, 382;
Eli, 386
Springolds, ii. 161n
Springs, hot, i. [110], [122n]
Sprinkling of drink, a Tartar rite, i. [300], [308n]
Squares at Kinsay, ii. 201, 209n
Sri-Thammarat, ii. 278n
Sri-Vaikuntham, ii. 374n
Sse River, ii. 139n
Stack, E., visits Kuh Banán, i. [126n]
Star Chart, ii. 314n
Star of Bethlehem, traditions about, i. [82n]
Steamers on Yangtse-kiang, ii. 173n
Steel mines at Kermán, i. [90], [92n];
in Chingintalas, [212];
Indian, [93n], [94n];
Asiatic view of, [94n]
Stefani, Signor, i. [7], ii. 507n
Stein, Dr. M. A., on Sorcery in Kashmir, ii. 593n;
on Paonano Pao, 593n;
on Pamirs, 593n–594n;
on site of Pein, 595n
Stiens of Cambodia, ii. 82n, 97n
Stirrups, short and long, ii. 78, 82n
Stitched vessels, i. [108], [117n]
Stockade erected by Polo’s party in Sumatra, ii. 292
Stone, miracle of the, at Samarkand, i. [185], [187n]
—— the green, i. [187n]
—— towers in Chinese cities, ii. 189
—— umbrella column, ii. 212n
Stones giving invulnerability, ii. 259, 263n
Suákin, ii. 439n
Submersion of part of Ceylon, ii. 313, 314n
Subterraneous irrigation, i. [89n], [123], [124n]
Suburbs of Cambaluc, i. [412]
Subutai, Mongol general, i. [8n], ii. 168n
Su-chau (Suju), ii. 179, 181, 199n;
plan of, 183n, 184n
Suchnan River, i. [172n]
Sudarium, the Holy, i. [213]
Súddhodhana, ii. 322n
Sugar, Bengal, ii. 115;
manufactured, 215, 231;
art of refining, 226, 230n;
of Egypt and China, 231
Suh-chau (Sukchur), i. [217], [218n], [282n]
Suicides before an idol, ii. 340, 349n
Sukchur, province Sukkothai, i. [217]
Sukkothai, ii. 278n, 279n
Suḳlát, broadcloth, i. [283n]
Sukum Kala’, i. [57n]
Suleiman, Sultan, i. [17n], [44n], ii. 74n, 80n
Sulphur and quicksilver, potion of longevity, ii. 365, 369n
Sultaniah, Monument at, ii. 478n.
(See [Soltania].)
Sultan Shah, of Badakhshan, i. [163n]
Sumatra (Java the Less), [23], [120], i. [34], ii. 288n, 300n–301n;
described, its kingdoms, 284, 286n, 287n;
circuit, 284, 286n
Sumatra, Samudra, city and kingdom of (Samara for Samatra), ii. 292, 306n;
legend of origin, 294n;
Ibn Batuta there, 294n;
its position, 295n;
latest mention of, 296n;
wine-pots, 297n
Sumbawa, ii. 287n
Summers, Professor, ii. 277n
Sumutala, Sumuntala, see [Sumatra]
Sun and moon, trees of the, i. [130n]
Sundara Pandi Devar (Sondar Bandi Davar), king in Ma’bar, ii. 331;
his death, 333n;
Dr. Caldwell’s views about, 333n, 334n
Sundar Fúlát (Pulo Condore Group), ii. 277n
Sung, a native dynasty reigning in S. China till Kúblái’s conquest, [12], i. [38n], ii. 135, 151n, 194n;
their paper-money, effeminacy, 20n, 150n, 207, 208, 211n;
cremation, 135n;
Kúblái’s war against, 148n, 149n;
end of them, 167n, 168n
Sunnis and Shias, i. [160n]
Suolstan (Shulistan), a kingdom in Persia, i. [83], [85n]
Superstitions in Tangut, the devoted sheep or ram (Tengri Tockho), i. [204], [207n];
the dead man’s door, [205], [209n];
as to chance shots, [439];
in Carajan, ii. 79, 82n, 84n;
devil-dancing, 86;
property of the dead, 111;
Sumatran, 293, 298n;
Malabar, 339 seqq.;
as to omens, 343–344, 364–365
Sur-Raja, ii. 374n
Survival, instances of, ii. 93n
Sushun, Regent of China, execution of (1861), i. [428n]
Su-tásh, the Jadek, i. [193n]
Suttees in S. India, ii. 341, 349n;
of men, 340
Svastika, sacred symbol of the Bonpos, i. [324n]
Swans, wild, at Chagan-Nor, i. [296]
Swat, i. [178n]
—— River, i. [164n]
Swi-fu, ii. 131n
Sword blades of India, i. [93n], [96n]
Syghinan, see [Shighnan]
Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, i. [102n], [106n], [113n], [114n], [119n], [124n], [126n], [127n], [128n]
Sylen (Ceylon), ii. 426n
Symbolical messages, Scythian and Tartar, ii. 497n–498n
Syrian Christians, ii. 377n seqq., 433n
Syrrhaptes Pallasii, see [Barguerlac]
Szechényi, Count, i. [207n]
Sze-ch’wan (Ch’eng-tu), ii. 32n, 34n, 35n, 37n, 40n, 42n, 45n, 46n, 48n, 58n, 60n, 69n, 128n, 131n, 134n;
aborigines, 60n
Tabashir, ii. 263n, 396n
Tabbas, i. [124n]
Table of the Great Khan, i. [381]
Tables, how disposed at Mongol feasts, i. [384n]
Tablet, Emperor’s, adored with incense, i. [391], [393n]
Tablets of Authority, Golden (Páizah), presented by Khan to Polos, i. [15], [16], [34], [35];
lion’s head and gerfalcon, [35], [351];
bestowed on distinguished captains, inscription, [350], [351n–354n];
cat’s head, [356n];
granted to governors of different rank, [431]
—— worshipped by Cathayans, i. [456], [458n]
Tabriz (Tauris), i. [17n], [74], [76n]
Tachindo, see [Ta-t’sien-lu]
Tacitus, Claustra Caspiorum, Pass of Derbend, i. [53n]
Tactics, Tartar, i. [262], [265n], ii. 460
Tacuin, i. [447], [448n]
Tadinfu, ii. 136
Taeping Insurrection and Devastations, ii. 154n, 158n, 173n, 176n, 177n, 179n, 184n, 196n, 222n
Taeping, or Taiping, Sovereigns’ effeminate customs, ii. 20n
Taffetas, ii. 10n
Taft, near Yezd, turquoise at, i. [92n]
Tafurs, i. [313n]
Tagachar, ii. 471, 474n
Tagaung, ii. 107n, 111n, 113n
Tagharma Pass, i. [172n], ii. 594n
Tághdúngbásh River, i. [175n]
Taianfu (T’ai-yuan-fu), king of N. China, ii. 12, 14n, 15n
Taiani, ii. 432n
Taican, see [Talikan]
Taichau (Tigu), ii. 154n
T’aiching-Kwan, ii. 26n
Taidu, Daitu, Tatu, Kúblái’s new city of Cambaluc, i. [305n], [306n], [374], [375n]
Taikung, see [Tagaung]
Tailed men, in Sumatra, ii. 299, 301n;
elsewhere, [301n–302n];
English, 302n
Tailors, none in Maabar, ii. 338
Taimúni tribe, i. [100n]
Taiting-fu (Tadinfu), or Yenchau, ii. 137n
Taitong-fu, see [Tathung]
Tai-tsu, Emperor, i. [428n]
T’ai Tsung, Emperor, ii. 15n, 28n
Taiyang Khan (Great King), king of the Naimans, ii. 20n
Tajiks of Badakhshan, great topers, i. [153], [155n]
Takfúr, ii. 148n
Takhtapul, i. [152n]
Táki-uddin, Abdu-r Rahmán, ii. 333n
Takla-Makan, i. [190n]
Talains, ii. 74n
Talas River, ii. 459n
Tali, gold mines, ii. 81n
Talifu (Carajan), ii. 67n, 76n, 79n, 80n, 105n, 107n, 111n
Talikan, Thaikan (Taican), i. [153], [154n], [163n]
Tallies, record by, ii. 86, 96n
Tamarind, pirates’ use of, ii. 392, 394n
Tamerlan, i. [8n]
Tana (Azov), [9], [43], [72], i. [4n], [6n], [19n]
—— near Bombay, kingdom of, ii. 395, 396n, 403n, 426n, 440n
Tana-Maiambu, ii. 396n
Tana-Malayu, ii. 281n, 283n
Tánasi cloth, ii. 396n
Tanduc, see [Tenduc]
T’ang dynasty, ii. 28n, 194n, 278n
Tangnu Oola, branch of Altai, i. [215n]
Tangut province, Chinese Si Hia, or Ho Si, i. [29n], [203], [214n], [217], [219], [220n], [223], [224n], [245n], [274], [276n], [281];
five invasions of, [281n]
Tangutan, term applied to Tibetan speaking people round the Koko-nor, i. [206n]
Tanjore, ii. 334n, 335n;
Suttee at, 349n;
Pagoda at, 352n;
fertility of, 368n
Tánkíz Khan, applied to Chinghiz, i. [247n]
Tanpiju (Shaohing?), ii. 218
Tantras, Tantrika, Tantrists, i. [315n], [323n], [326n]
Tao-lin, a Buddhist monk, i. [165n]
Tao-sze (Taossé), sect, i. [321n–325n];
female idols of the, [303], [327n]
Ta-pa-Shan range, ii. 34n, 35n
Taprobana, mistakes about, ii. 295n
Tarakai, ii. 475n
Tarantula, ii. 346, 364
Tarcasci, i. [366n]
Tarem, or Tárum, i. [86n], [122n]
Tares of the parable, i. [122n]
Taríkh-i-Rashídí, i. [194n]
Tarmabala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. [361n]
Tarok, Burmese name for Chinese, ii. 113n
Tarok Man and Tarok Myo, ii. 113n
Tartar language, i. [12];
on Tartar, its correct form, [12n];
misuse by Ramusio, [458n]
Tartars, i. [1], [4], [5], [10], [13], [50], [90], [97], [99], [110n], [121n], [151];
different characters used by, [28n];
identified with Gog and Magog, [57n];
ladies, [76n];
their first city, [226];
original country, tributary to Prester John, ib.;
revolt and migration, [227];
earliest mention of the word, [230n];
make Chinghiz their king, [238];
his successors, [245];
their customs and religion, [249n], [251], [256];
houses, [252], [253n];
waggons, [252], [254n];
chastity of their women, [252], [256n];
polygamy, etc., [252], [256n];
their gods and idols, [256];
their drink (Kumiz), [257], [259n];
cloths, [257], [295n];
arms, horses, and war customs, [260–263];
military organization, [261], [263n];
sustenance on rapid marches, [261];
blood-sucking, [261], [264n];
portable curd, [262], [265n];
tactics in war, [262], [265n];
degeneracy, [263], [266n];
administration of justice, [266];
laws against theft, [266], [268n];
posthumous marriage, [267], [268n];
the cudgel, [266], [267n];
Rubruquis’ account of, [236n];
Joinville’s, [237n];
custom before a fight, [337];
want of charity to the poor, [445];
conquerors of China, history of, ii. 20;
excellence in archery, 102;
objection to meddling with things pertaining to the dead, 111;
admiration of the Polo mangonels, 160;
employment of military engines, 168n;
their cruelties, 180n;
arrows, 460;
marriage customs, i. [33n], [252–253], ii. 467
—— in the Far North, ii. 479
—— of the Levant, see [Levant]
—— of the Ponent, see [Ponent]
Tartary cloths, i. [257], [295n]
Tarungares, tribe, ii. 298n
Tásh Kurgán, i. [172n], ii. 594n
Tataríya coins, i. [12n]
Tathung, or Taitongfu, i. [245n], [286n], [289n]
Ta-t’sien-lu, or Tachindo, Tartsédo, ii. 45n, 48n, 49n, 52n, 60n, 67n, 70n
Ta Tsing River, ii. 137n, 143n
Tattooing, ii. 84, 90n, 117, 119n, 131n, 235, 242n, 297n;
artists in, [235], [242n]
Tatu (Taichu), i. [374]
—— River, ii. 61n
Tauris, see [Tabriz]
Taurizi, Torissi, i. [74], [75n]
Tawálisi, ii. 465n
Taxes, see [Customs], [Duties]
Tchakiri Mondou (Modun), i. [404], [408n]
Tchekmen, thick coarse cotton stuff, i. [190n]
Tea-houses at Kingszé, ii. 196n
Tea trees in E. Tibet, ii. 59n
Tebet, see [Tibet]
Tedaldo, see [Theobald]
Teeth, custom of casing in gold, ii. 84, 88n–91n
—— of Adam or of Buddha, ii. 319, 329n–330n
—— conservation of, by Brahmans, ii. 365
Tegana, ii. 471
Teghele, Atabeg of Lúr, i. [85n]
Teimur (Temur), Kúblái’s grandson and successor, i. [360], ii. 149, 459n
Tekla, Hamainot, ii. 356
Tekrit, i. [61n]
Telingana, see [Tilinga]
Telo Samawe, ii. 295n
Tembul (Betel), chewing, ii. 371, 374n
Temkan, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n]
Temple, connection of Cilician Armenia with Order of, i. [24n]
—— Master of the, i. [23], [24n]
Temple’s account of the Condor, ii. 417n
Temujin, see [Chinghiz]
Tenduc, or Tanduc, plain of, i. [240], [241];
province of, [284], [286n]
Tengri, Supreme deity of Tartars, i. [257n–258n]
Tennasserim, ii. 279n;
(Tanasari), 314n
Tents, the Khan’s, i. [404], [409n]
Terebinth, i. [125n];
of Mamre, [132n], [135n]
Terlán, goshawk, i. [57n]
Teroa Mountains, ii. 420n
Terra Australis, ii. 274n
Te-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n
Thai, Great and Little, ii. 287n;
race, 278n
Thaigin, ii. 25n, 26n
Thai-yuanfu (Taianfu), ii. 12, 14n–17n
Thard-wahsh, see [Patterns, Beast and Bird]
Theft, Tartar punishment of, i. [266], [268n]
Theistic worship, i. [456], [458n]
Thelasar, ii. 431n
Theobald, or Tedaldo of Piacenza, i. [17], [20], [21n], ii. 593n;
chosen Pope as Gregory X., i. [20];
sends friars with the Polos and presents, [22], [23n]
Theodorus, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n
Theodosius the Great, i. [49n]
Theophilus, Emperor of Constantinople, i. [385n]
—— missionary, ii. 409n
Thévenot, Travels, i. [81n]
Thian Shan, i. [175n], [177n], [191n]
Thianté-Kiun, i. [286n]
Thin l’Evêque, siege of, ii. 163n, 165n
Thinae of Ptolemy, ii. 27n
Tholoman, see [Coloman]
Thomas, Edward, i. [87n], ii. 115n, 164n
—— of Mancasola, Bishop of Samarcand, i. [186n]
Thread, Brahmanical, ii. 363
Three kingdoms (San-Kwé), ii. 38n
Threshold, a great offence to step on the, i. [383], [385n]
Thurán Shah’s History of Hormuz, i. [120n]
Tibet (Tebet) province, ii. 42, 49;
boundary of, 49, 52n;
its acquisition by Mongols, 46n;
organisation under Kúblái, 46n;
dogs of, 45, 49, 52n
Tibetan language and character, i. [29n];
origin of the Yue-chi, [174n]
Tibetans, i. [165n];
superstitions of, [208n], [209n];
and Kashmiris (Tebet and Keshimur), sorceries of, [301], [315n];
accused of cannibalism, [301], [312n]
Tides in Hang-chau estuary, ii. 150n, 208n
Tierce, half tierce, etc., hours of, ii. 364, 368n
Tiflis, i. [49n], [57n], [58n]
Tigado, Castle of, i. [148n]
Tigers (called lions by Polo), ii. 225, 231n, 411;
trained to the chase, i. [397], [399n];
in Cuncun, ii. 31;
in Caindu, 56;
Kwei-chau, 127n.
(See also [Lions].)
Tigris River (Volga), i. [5], [9n];
at Baghdad, [63], [64n]
Tigúdar (Acomat Soldan), ii. 468n
Tiju, ii. 153, 154n
Tiles, enamelled, i. [364], [370n]
Tilinga, Telingana, Tiling, Telenc, ii. 362n, 427n
Tiling, ii. 427n
Timur of Toumen, chief of the Nikoudrians, i. [102n]
Timur the Great, i. [5n], [9n], [45n], [49n], [52n], [61n], [86n], [152n], [155n], [187n], ii. 166n
Timurids, the, i. [85n]
Ting, [10] taels of silver = tael of gold, i. [427n], ii. 217n, 218n
Tinju, ii. 153, 154n
Tinnevelly, ii. 359n, 373n, 403n
Tithe on clothing material, i. [445]
Tithing men, Chinese (Pao-kia), ii. 200n
Titus, Emperor, i. [66n]
Tjajya, see [Choiach]
Toba race, i. [205n]
Toctai, king, see [Toktai]
Tod, Colonel James, i. [104n], [114n], [169n], [183n]
Toddy, see [Wine of Palm]
Togan, ii. 471, 474n
Toghrul I., i. [49n]
—— Shah of Kermán, i. [113n]
Toghon Temur, last Mongol Emperor, i. [228n];
his wail, [305n]
Togrul Wang Khan, see [Prester John]
Toka Tumir, i. [8n]
Tokat, i. [45n]
Toktai Khan (Toctai, Lord of the Ponent), [72], ii. 487, 491, 496;
wars with Noghai, 499;
his symbolic message, 497n, 498n
Tolan-nur (Dolonnúr), i. [26n]
Toleto, John de, Cardinal Bishop of Portus, i. [21n]
Tolobuga, ii. 496, 497n
Toman (Tuman, etc.), Mongol word for 10,000, i. [261], [263n], ii. 192, 200n, 217n, 218n, 462n
Tongking, Tungking, ii. 119n, 120n, 128n, 131n
Tooth-relique of Buddha, ii. 319–320;
history of, 329n–330n
Torchi, Dorjé, Kúblái’s first-born, i. [361n]
Tornesel, i. [423], [426n]
Torro River, i. [345n]
Torshok, ii. 489n
Torture by constriction in raw hide, i. [262n]
Toscaul, tosḳáúl (toscaol), watchman, i. [403], [407n]
Tournefort, on cold at Erzrum, i. [49n]
Tower and Bell Alarm at Peking, i. [375], [378n];
at Kinsay, ii. 189
Toyan (Tathung?), i. [286n]
Trade at Layas, i. [41];
by Baghdad, [63];
at Tauris, [75];
at Cambaluc, [415];
in Shan-si, ii. 22;
on the Great Kiang, 36, 170;
at Chinangli, 135;
at Sinju Matu, 138;
Kinsay, 187, 190, 202, 216;
Fu-chau 231;
Zayton 234;
Java, 272;
Malaiur, 280;
Cail, 370;
Coilum, 375;
Melibar, 389;
Tana, 395;
Cambaet, 398;
Kesmacoran, 401;
Socotra, 407
—— of India with Hormuz, i. [107];
with Egypt by Aden, ii. 438, 439n;
with Esher, 442;
with Dofar, 444;
with Calatu, 450
Trades in Manzi, alleged to be hereditary, ii. 186, 196n
Tramontaine, ii. 296n
Transmigration, i. [456], ii. 213n, 318–319
Traps for fur animals, ii. 481, 483n
Travancore, ii. 383n, 403n;
Rajas of, 380n
Treasure of Maabar kings, ii. 340, 348n–349n
Trebizond, [43], i. [19n], [36], [46];
Emperors of, and their tails, ii. 302n
Trebuchets, ii. 159, 160n, 161n
Trees, of the Sun and Moon, i. [129n], [130n];
superstitions about, [131n–135n];
by the highways, [440];
camphor, ii. 234, 237n;
producing wine, 292, 297n, 300, 313;
producing flour (sago), 300, 304n–305n
Tregetoures, i. [386n]
Trench, Archbishop, i. [201n], ii. 82n
Trevisano, Azzo, [8], [17], [25], [65]
—— Marc’Antonio, Doge, [8], [78]
Trincomalee, ii. 337n
Tringano, ii. 279n
Trinkat, ii. 308n
‘Trusty lieges,’ devoted comrades of king of Maabar, ii. 339, 347n
T’sang-chau, ii. 133n, 137n
T’siang-kiun (‘General’), ii. 138n, 261n
Ts’ien-T’ang River, ii. 194n, 198n, 208n, 214n, 220n–222n;
bore in, 150n, 208n
T’si-nan-fu (Chinangli), ii. 137n, 138n
T’sing-chau, ii. 138n
T’sing-ling range, ii. 35n
T’si-ning-chau, ii. 137n, 139n
Tsin-tsun, ii. 229n
Tsiuan-chau, T’swanchau, see [Zayton]
Tsongkhapa, Tibetan Reformer, i. [315n]
Ts’uan-chou, see [Zayton]
Tsukuzi in Japan, ii. 260n
Tsung-ngan-hien, ii. 224n
Tsushima, Island, ii. 260n
Tuan, Prince, chief of the Boxers, i. [282n]
Tuc, tuk, tugh, commanders of 100,000, horse-tail or yak-tail standard, i. [261], [263n]
Tudai, Ahmad Khan’s wife, ii. 471n
Tudai-Mangku (Totamangu or Totamangul), ii. 491, 492n, 496, 497n, 499
Tu-fan, ancient name of Tibet, ii. 46n
Tughan, Tukan, Kúblái’s son, i. [361n], ii. 270n
Tughlak Shah, of Delhi (a Karaunah), i. [101n]
Tuktugai Khan, i. [9n]
Tu-ku-hun, i. [193n]
Tuli, or Tulin, fourth son of Chinghiz, ii. 32n
Tuman, see [Toman]
Tumba, Angelo di, [25];
Marco di, [65]
Tún, city of E. Persia, i. [86n], [124n]
Tung-’an in Fokien, ii. 243n
Tungani, or Converts, Mahomedans in N. China and Chinese Turkestan, i. [291n]
Tung-chau (Tinju), ii. 154n
Tung-hwang-hien, ancient Shachau, i. [206n]
Tung-kwan, fortress of the Kin sovereigns, ii. 14n, 25n, 27n
Tung-lo (Kumiz), i. [259n]
Tunguses, i. [271n]
Tunny fish, i. [108], [416n], ii. 442
Tun-o-Kaïn (Tunocain), kingdom of Persia, i. [83], [86n], [127], [128n], [138n], [145n]
Turbit (radex Turpethi), ii. 389, 391n
Turcomania (Anatolian Turkey), i. [43]
Turgaut, day-watch, i. [381n]
Turkey, Great (Turkestan), i. [191], ii. 286n, 452, 457, 458, 462, 477
Turkistan chiefs send mission to kings of India, ii. 370n
Turkmans and Turks, distinction between, i. [44n], [101n];
horses, [43], [44n]
Turks, ancient mention of, i. [56];
friend of Polo’s, [213];
and Mongols, [294n]
Turmeric, ii. 226n
Turner, Lieutenant Samuel, describes Yak of Tartary, i. [277n]
Turquans, Turkish horses, i. [43]
Turquoises in Kermán, i. [90], [92n];
in Caindu, ii. 53
Turtle doves, i. [97], [99n]
Turumpak, Hormuz, i. [111n]
Tutia (Tutty), preparation of, i. [125], [126n], ii. 398
Tuticorin, ii. 372n
Tu T’song, Sung Emperor of China, ii. 150n, 211n
Tver, ii. 489n
Twelve, a favourite round number, ii. 426n
—— Barons over Khan’s Administration, i. [430], ii. 154
Twigs or arrows, divination by, i. [241], [242n]
Tyuman, ii. 481n
Tyunju, porcelain manufacture, ii. 235, 242n
Tylor, Dr. E. B., on Couvade, ii. 93n, 94n
Tzarev, i. [6n]
Tzaritzyn, i. [6n], [57n]
Ucaca (Ukak, Ukek, Uwek), i. [5], [8n], [9n];
Ukák of Ibn Batuta, a different place, ii. 488n
Uch-baligh, [134]
Uch-Multán, i. [86n]
Udoe country, ii. 42, 598n
Udong, ii. 279n
Udyána, i. [164n]
Ughuz, legend of, ii. 485n
Uighúr character, parent of present Mongol writing, i. [14n], [28n], [160n], [353n]
Uighúrs, the, i. [76n], [214n], [227n], ii. 179n, 462n
Uiraca, i. [282n]
Uirad, see [Oirad]
Ujjain, legend of, ii. 349n;
(Ozene), 397n, 426n
Ukak, ii. 488n.
(See [Ucaca].)
Ulatai (Oulatay), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. [32], [33n], ii. 471, 474n
Ulakhai, i. [282n]
Ulan Muren (Red River), i. [250n]
Ulugh Bagh, on Badakhshan border, i. [154n]
—— Mohammed, i. [8n]
Ulús, the, i. [10n]
U-man and Pe-man (Black and White Barbarians), ii. 73n
Umbrellas, i. [351], [354n], [355n]
Unc Can (Aung Khan), see [Prester John]
Ung (Ungkút), Tartar tribe, i. [285], [294n]
Ungrat (Kungurat), Tartar tribe, i. [357], [358n]
Unicorn (Rhinoceros), in Burma, ii. 107;
Sumatra, 285, 289, 299;
legend of Virgin and, 285, 290n;
horns of, 291n
Unken, City, ii. 226, 229n, 230n, 233n
Unlucky hours, ii. 364
U-nya-Mwezi superstition, i. [130n]
Urduja, Princess, ii. 465n
Uriangkadai, ii. 46n
Uriangkut (Tunguses), i. [271n]
Urianhai, the, i. [271n]
Urumtsi, i. [201n], [214n]
Urzú, i. [122n]
Uspenskoye (called also Bolgarskoye), i. [7n]
Uttungadeva, king of Java, ii. 275n
Uwek, see [Ucaca]
Uzbeg Khan of Sarai, i. [4n], [6n], [352n]
Uzbegs of Kunduz, i. [156n], [163n]
Uzun Tati, coins, Chinese porcelain from, ii. 595n
Vair, the fur and animal, i. [257], ii. 479, 483n, 484n, 486n, 487
—— as an epithet of eyes, [124]
Valaghir district, i. [54n]
Vámbéry, Prof. Hermann, i. [10n], [28n], [54n], [57n], [170n], [214n], [237n], [401n], ii. 465
Vanchu (Wangchu), conspires with Chenchu against Ahmad, i. [417–419], [422n]
Van Lake, i. [57n]
Varaegian, Varangian, ii. 490n
Varaha Mihira, astronomer, i. [104n]
Vardoj River, i. [156n], [172n]
Varini, ii. 490n
Varsach, or Mashhad River, i. [155n], [156n]
Vasmulo, i. [292n]
Vateria Indica, ii. 396n
Veil of the Temple, πέπλος βαβυλώνιος, i. [66]
Vellalars, ii. 372n
Venádan, title of king of Kaulam, 380n
Venetians, factory at Soldaia, i. [4n];
expelled from Constantinople, [19n]
Venice, [2], [15], [16], i. [2], [18], [19], [36], [41];
return of Polos to, [4], [24], [54], i. [36];
its exaltation after Latin conquest of Constantinople, [9];
its nobles, [14];
Polo’s mansion at, [23] seqq.;
galleys, [32] seqq.;
archives at, [70] seqq.;
articles brought from East by Marco to, i. [274], ii. 299, 305n
Ventilators at Hormuz, ii. 452, 453n
Verlinden, Belgian missionary, i. [249n]
Verniques, i. [382], [384n]
Verzino Colombino, ii. 380n.
(See also [Brazil].)
Vessels, war, i. [34], [37n];
stitched of Kermán (πλοιάρια ῥαπτά), i. [108], [117n], ii. 415n;
on the Kiang, [170], [171], [173n].
(See also [Ships].)
Vial, Paul, French missionary, ii. 63n
Vijayanagar, 362n
Vikramajit, legend of, ii. 349n
Vikrampúr, ii. 99n
Villard de Honnecourt, Album of, ii. 164n
Vincent of Beauvais, ii. 325n
Vincenzo, P., ii. 410n
Vineyards, in Taican, i. [153];
Kashgar, [181];
Khotan, [188];
in N. China, ii. 10, 11n, 13, 15n
Vinson, Prof., on Couvade, ii. 91n
Virgin of Cape Comorin, ii. 382n
Visconti, Tedaldo, or Tebaldo, see [Theobald of Piacenza]
Vissering, on Chinese Currency, i. [428n], [429n]
Vochan (Unchan, Yungchan), ii. 84, 86, 89n;
battle there, 98, 101, 104n–106n
Vogels, J., ii. 601n, 602n
Vokhan, see [Wakhán]
Volga, called Tigris, i. [5], [7n], [9n], ii. 485n, 488n
Vos, Belgian Missionary, i. [249n]
Vughin, ii. 182
Vuju in Kiangnan, ii. 182
—— in Chekiang, ii. 219
Wadoe tribe, ii. 420n
Wakf, i. [67n]
Wakhán (Vokhan), dialect, i. [162n], [171], [173n]
—— Mountains, i. [162n], [175n]
Wakhjīr Pass, i. [175n], ii. 594n
Wakhijrui Pass, see [Wakhjīr Pass]
Wakhsh, branch of the Oxus, ii. 5n
Wakhtang II. king of Georgia, i. [53n]
Walashjird, i. [106n]
Wallachs, ii. 489n, 491n
Wall of Alexander (or Caucasian), i. [50], [53n]
—— of Gog and Magog (i.e. China), [111], i. [285], [292n]
Walnut-oil, i. [158], [162n]
Wami River, ii. 420n
Wang, Chinese silk, i. [237n], [361n], ii. 113n
Wang, king of Djungar, i. [250n]
Wangchu, see [Vanchu]
Wapila, i. [54n]
Warangol Ku, ii. 362n
Warangs, ii. 490n
Warner, Dr., ii. 604n
War vessels, Chinese, i. [34], [37n]
Wassáf, the historian, i. [68n];
his character of the Karaunahs, [101n];
notices of Hormuz, [120n], [121n];
eulogy of Kúblái, [332n];
story of Kúblái, [440n];
his style, ii. 150n;
account of taking of Siang-yang, 150n, 167n;
of Kinsay, 213n;
Maabar, 333n;
horse trade to India, 348n;
treatment of them there, 351n;
extract from his history, 495n
Water, bitter, i. [110], [122n], [194]
—— custom of lying in, i. [108], [119n];
consecration by Lamas, [309n]
—— Clock, i. [378n]
Wathek, Khalif, i. [57n]
Wa-tzŭ, Lolo slaves, ii. 63n
Weather-conjuring, i. [301], [309n–311n]
Wei dynasty, i. [205n], ii. 437n
Weights and measures, ii. 590n–592n
Wei-ning, ii. 130n
Wei River in Shen-si, ii. 27n, 29n, 35n
—— in Shan-tung, ii. 139n
Wen River, ii. 139n
Wen-chow, ii. 239n
Westermarck, Human Marriage, ii. 48n, 93n
Whale oil, including spermaceti, i. [108], [117n], ii. 407, 408n
Whales, ii. 249;
in Socotra, 407;
Madagascar, 411, 414n;
species of Indian Ocean, 408n;
sperm (Capdoille), 411, 414n
Wheaten bread not eaten, i. [438n];
at Yachi, ii. 66, 74n
White bears, ii. 479
—— bone, Chinese for Lolos, ii. 63n
—— camels, i. [281]
—— City, meaning of term among Tartars, i. [297n], ii. 14n
—— City, of Manzi frontier, ii. 34n
—— Devils, ii. 355, 359n
—— Feast at Kúblái’s City, i. [390], [392n]
—— Horde, ii. 481n
—— horses and mares, i. [300], [390];
offered to Khan, [308n]
Whittington and his cat in Persia, i. [65n]
Wild asses and oxen, see [Asses] and [Oxen]
William of Tripoli, Friar, i. [22];
his writings, [23n], [24n]
Williams, Dr. S. W., on the Chinese year, i. [388n];
on elephants at Peking, [392n]
Williamson, Rev. A., i. [135n], [217n], ii. 8n, 11n, 12n, 15n, 16n, 137n
Wilson, General Sir C., i. [45n]
Wind, poison (Simúm), i. [108], [120n];
monsoons, ii. 264–265
Wine, of the vine, Persians lax in abstaining from, i. [84], [87n], [96n]
—— boiled, i. [84], [87n], [153n], [155n]
—— of ancient Kapisa, i. [155n];
Khotan, [188];
at Taianfu, ii. 13, 16n;
imported at Kinsay, 202
—— rice (Samshu or darásún), i. [441];
and of wheat, ii. 56, 59n;
at Yachi, 66, 85;
spices, etc., in Caindu, 56;
Kien-ch’ang, 59n, 85;
Cangigu, 117;
Coloman 123;
Kinsay, 202, 204, 216
—— Palm (toddy), ii. 292, 297n, 376
—— from sugar, ii. 376, 442
—— date, i. [107], [115n], ii. 292, 297n, 442
—— (unspecified), at Khan’s table, i. [382];
not used in Ma’bar, ii. 342;
nor by Brahmans, 363
“Winter” used for “rainy season,” ii. 391n
Wo-fo-sze, “Monastery of the lying Buddha,” i. [221n]
Wolves in Pamir, i. [171], [176n]
Women, Island of, ii. 405n–406n
Women, of Kerman, their embroidery, i. [90];
mourners, [109];
of Khorasan, their beauty, [128];
of Badakhshan, [160];
Kashmir, [166];
Khotan, [191];
Kamul, fair and wanton, [210];
Tartar good and loyal, [252];
Erguiul, pretty creatures, [276];
of the town, [414], ii. 202;
of Tibet, evil customs, 44;
Caindu, 53;
Carajan, 66;
Zardandan, couvade, 85;
Anin, 116;
Kinsay, charming, 186;
respectful treatment of, 204;
Kelinfu, beautiful, 225;
Zanghibar, frightful, 423
Wonders performed by the Bacsi, i. [314] et seqq.
Wood, Lieutenant John, Indian Navy, [20], i. [156n];
his elucidations of Polo in Oxus regions, i. [174n]
Wood-oil, ii. 251n, 252n
Wool, Salamander’s, i. [213], [216n]
Worship of Mahomet (supposed), i. [188], [189n]
—— of fire, [303];
Tartar, [256], [257];
Chinese, [456]
—— of first object seen in the day, ii. 284, 288n
Worshipping the tablets, i. [391], [392n]
Wu-chau (Vuju), ii. 222n
Wukiang-hien (Vughin), ii. 184n
Wüsus, or Wesses, people of Russia, ii. 486n
Wu-ti, Emperor, ii. 437n
Wylie, Alexander, [76], i. [2n], [8n], [322n], [377n], [451n], [454n], ii. 19n, 28n, 38n, 169n, 184n, 194n, 209n, 212n
Xanadu, i. [305n]
Xavier, at Socotra, ii. 409n
Xerxes, i. [135n]
Ya-chau, ii. 45n, 48n, 70n
Yachi (Yun-nan-fu), city, ii. 66, 67n, 72n, 74n, 80n, 111n
Yadah, Jadagari, Jadah-tásh, science and stone of weather-conjurer, i. [309n]
Yaik River, i. [6n]
Yájúj, and Májúj, see [Gog and Magog]
Yak (dong), i. [274], [277n];
their tails carried to Venice, [274];
used in India for military decorations, ii. 355, 359n
Ya’kúb Beg of Kasghar, i. [189n]
Yakuts, i. [309n], [446n], ii. 484n
Yalung River, ii. 67n, 69n, 72n
Yam, or Yamb (a post-stage or post-house), i. [433], [437n], ii. 213n
Yamgán, i. [162n]
Yang-chau (Yanju), city, i. [29n], [432n], ii. 154n, 173n;
Marco’s government there, [22], ii. 154, 157n
Yarbeg of Badakhshan, i. [156n]
Yarkand (Yarcan), i. [187]
Yarligh and P’aizah, i. [322n], [352n]
Yasdi (Yezd), i. [88]
—— silk tissue, i. [88]
Yashm, jade, i. [193n]
Yasodhara, bride of Sakya Sinha, ii. 323n
Yavanas, ii. 372n
Yazdashír, i. [92n]
Ydifu, i. [285], [295n]
Year, Chinese, i. [388];
Mongol and Chinese cycle, [447], [454n]
Yelimala, see Monté d’Ely
Yeliu Chutsai, statesman and astronomer, ii. 17n
Yellow, or orthodox Lamas, i. [315n], [324n]
Yemen, ii. 432n, 433n, 440n, 441n, 445n.
(See also [Aden].)
Yeng-chau (in Shan-tung), ii. 137n, 139n
—— (in Che-kiang), ii. 222n
Yen-king (Old Peking), i. [375n], [376n]
Yen-Ping, ii. 230n
Yenshan, ii. 224n
Yesubuka, ii. 474n
Yesudar, ii. 459
Yesugai, father of Chinghiz, i. [237n]
Yetsina (Etzina), i. [223]
Yezd (Yasdi), i. [88];
silk fabrics of, ii. 11
Yiu-ki River, ii. 230n
Yoritomo, descendants of, ii. 262n
Yonting Ho River, ii. 6n
Yotkàn, village, i. [190n]
Youth, Island of, ii. 381n
Yrac, province, i. [74]
Ysemain of Hiulie, western engineer, ii. 167n
Yu, see [Jade]
Yuan Ho, i. [29n]
Yu-chow, gold and silver mines, i. [295n]
Yue-chi, i. [174n]
Yuen, Mongol Imperial dynasty, so styled, i. [29n], [377n]
Yuen-hao, kingdom of Tangut, i. [282n]
Yuen ming-yuen, palace, i. [307n]
Yuen shi, History of Mongol Dynasty in China, i. [115n], [248n], [295n], ii. 95n
Yugria, or Yughra, in the Far North, ii. 483n, 485n, 493n
Yuh-shan, ii. 222n, 224n
Yule, Sir Henry, ii. 602n;
on Ravenala, 597n;
on Maundeville, 604n
Yun-Hien, a Buddhist Abbot, i. [304n]
Yung-chang fu (Shen-si), i. [276n]
—— (Yun-nan, Vochan), ii. 84, 89n, 104n, 105n, 107n–109n
Yung Lo, Emperor, ii. 596n
Yun-nan (Carajan), province, ii. 40n, 45n, 56n, 57n, 59n–62n, 64, 67n, 72n, 80n, 81n, 82n, 90n, 95n, 104n, 107n, 115n, 120n, 124n, 127n–129n;
conquerors of, 46n, 80n;
Mahomedans, 74n
Yun-nan-fu city, see [Yachi]
Yurungkásh (white Jade) River, i. [193n]
Yusuf Kekfi, i. [85n]
Yuthia, Ayuthia (Ayodhya), mediæval capital of Siam, [13], ii. 278n, 279n
Yvo of Narbonne, i. [12n]
Zabedj, ii. 283n
Zaila, ii. 413n, 435n, 436n
Zaitúníah, probable origin of satin, ii. 241n
Zampa, see [Champa]
Zanghibar (Zangibar, Zanjibar, Zanzibar), ii. 405n, 412, 422, 424n;
currents off, 415n;
Ivory trade, 423, 424n;
its blacks, women, 423, 424n
Zanton (Shantung?), [3]
Zanzale, James, or Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa, i. [61n]
Zapharan, monastery near Baghdad, i. [61n]
Zardandan, or “Gold Teeth,” a people of W. Yun-nan, ii. 84, 98;
identity doubtful, 88n;
characteristic customs, 90n
Zarncke, Fr., i. [139n]
Zayton, Zaitún, Zeiton, Cayton (T’swan-chau, Chwan-chau, or Chinchew of modern charts), the great mediæval port of China, ii. 175n, 231, 232n–233n, 234, 237n–243n;
Khan’s revenue from, 235;
porcelain, 235, 242n;
language, 236n, 243n–244n;
etymology, 237n;
mediæval notices, 237 seqq.;
identity, 239n, 240n;
Chinchew, a name misapplied, 239n;
Christian churches at, 240n, 241n;
ships of, 264
Zayton, Andrew, Bishop of, ii. 237n
Zebák Valley, i. [165n]
Zebu, humped oxen, i. [99n]
Zedoary, ii. 388n
Zenghi, i. [61n]
Zerms (Jerms), ii. 439n
Zerumbet, ii. 388n
Zettani, ii. 241n
Zhafar, see [Dhafar]
Zic (Circassia), ii. 490, 492n
Zikas, ii. 228n, 309n, 311n
Zimmé, see [Kiang-mai]
Zinc, i. [126n]
Zinj, Zinjis, ii. 424n, 426n
Zobeidah, the lady, i. [156n]
Zorza, see [Chorcha]
Zu-’lḳarnain (Zulcarniain), “the Two Horned,” an epithet of Alexander, i. [56n], [157], [160n]
Zurficar (Zúrpica, Zulficar), a Turkish friend of Marco Polo’s, i. [213]

Transcriber’s Notes:

Blank pages have been removed.
Redundant half-title pages have been removed.
Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.
Names spelling, hyphenation, and diacritics are highly variable, some were standardized when there seemed to be a clear choice.
There are 3 types of footnotes:
- Normal, marked as ‘[1]’ and moved after the notes.
- Footnotes of footnotes, marked as ‘[A]’ and moved after the normal footnotes.
- “Notes”, marked as ‘{1}’, located and numbered as they are in the book.
Page and relative size information has been removed from illustrations.
Blackletter font has been changed to Times New Roman bold.
Index has been copied from volume II.