Order v. Discoidea.—Shell flattened, of circular plan, simple or concentric, rarely spiral. (Families 18-23.)

Order vi. Larcoidea.—Shell ellipsoidal, with all three axes unequal or irregular, sometimes becoming spiral. (Families 24-32.)[[87]]

Fig. 24.—Xiphacantha (Acantharia). From the surface. The skeleton only, × 100, (From Wyville Thomson.)

B. Acantharia.

Order vii. Actinelida.—Radial spines numerous, more than 20, usually grouped irregularly. (Families 33-35.) Xiphacantha Haeck.

Order viii. Acanthonida.—Radial spines equal. (Families 36-38.)

Order ix. Sphaerophracta.—Radial spines 20, with a latticed spherical shell, independent of, or formed from the reticulations of the spines. (Families 39-41.) Dorataspis Haeck. (Fig. 25, A).

Order x. Prunophracta.—Radial spines 20, unequal; latticed shell, ellipsoidal, lenticular, or doubly conical. (Families 42-44.)

C. Nassellaria.