pontem Mulvium, on the Via Flaminia, two miles N. of Rome; now called Ponte Molle.
praefectura was the name given to a provincial town governed by a magistrate sent annually from Rome, whereas the municipia elected their own magistrates.
Reate was a Sabine town, of which Cicero was patronus.
in reipublicae praesidio, v.l. 'in republica,' 'praesidio' being then connected with 'miseram' as dat. of complement.
[§6].
tertia, etc., i.e. between three and four a. m. The time between sunset and sunrise was divided into four vigiliae.
integris signis. See [on §10 below].
ipsi, i.e. Volturcius and the Gauls.
vocavi. The consul had the right of summoning citizens to his presence (ius vocationis), by force if necessary (ius prehensionis).
[§7].