Caesar, C. Iulius, born 102 or 100 b.c. Elected Pontifex Maximus in 63, the year of Cicero's consulship. After the coalition with Pompeius and Crassus, which is called the First Triumvirate, he became consul in 59, and in the next year he entered on the government of the Province of Gaul and began his conquest of the tribes hitherto independent. In 49 he marched into Italy as the declared enemy of the Senatorial party, and in 48 overthrew its champion, Pompeius, at Pharsālus. On his return to Rome he was made Dictator for life, and four years afterwards, on the 15th of March, 44 b.c., he was murdered at a meeting of the Senate.
Capitōlium, -i, n., the Capitol, one of the two summits of the Capitoline hill and the great temple of Jupiter on it, the other summit being called the arx or citadel.
Cicero, M. Tullius, born at Arpīnum of an Equestrian family, 106 b.c. His first extant speech was delivered in 81. He impeached Verres in 70 for his misgovernment in Sicily, crushed the Catilinarian conspiracy when he was consul in 63, and in 58 went into exile on a charge of illegal conduct in ordering the execution of the conspirators. He was recalled in the following year. When the civil war broke out between Caesar and Pompeius, he supported the Senatorial party, but he became reconciled to Caesar after his victory over Pompeius at Pharsālus. After the murder of Caesar he attacked Antonius violently in the Philippics, and, being put on the list of the 'proscribed' by Augustus and Antonius, he was murdered at Formiae by the soldiers of Antonius on the 7th of December, 43 b.c.
Cimber, -bri, a cognōmen or additional name given by Cicero to P. Gabīnius Cepito, one of the conspirators.
Concordia, -ae, f. harmony, concord; personified as a goddess.
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Etrūria, -ae, f. a country on the west coast of Italy, between the Tiber and the Arno.
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Faesulae, -ārum, f. plur. a city of Etrūria; now Fiesole, near Florence.
Faesulānus, -a, -um, of Faesulae.