Illustrations may be tipped-in in this way when it is desirable to preserve them.
(2) If it is found by measuring that the leaf when inserted, will extend beyond the edge of the book, fold the leaf at the inner margin over a ruler edge, or other straight edge, slightly more than one-eighth of an inch, thus making a hinge. Apply paste to this hinge with the finger. Place leaf in the book and push well back; rub the little pasted hinge down with bone folder, being careful to leave no free paste.
(3) In case the quality of the paper of the leaf to be inserted will not stand the tipping-in process, or is badly worn at the inner margin, it may be inserted by a guard. Fold a half-inch strip of onion skin paper, lengthwise. Apply a thin coat of paste to the outside of this strip. Attach half of the strip to the inner edge of the loose leaf, and the other half to the adjoining page in the book, close in by the fold. Trim edge of leaf if it projects. Put in press until dry.
Do not use gummed muslin for this work. It destroys the chance of proper rebinding and detracts from the appearance of the rebound book.
SECTIONS
When more than one section, sometimes called signature, is loose in a book which is worth rebinding, it should be rebound at once.
When the thread in one section only is broken, or one section only is loose in a rebound book and the rest of the binding is intact, the section should be inserted. To avoid further ravelling, it is necessary to secure the broken threads of the book either by fastening them together, or attaching to new threads; also that the loose section is sewed or tied through the super on the back of the book.
Loose sections may be inserted as follows:
If the folds of the leaves in the loose section are torn or thin, they should be mended before replacing the section. Take a half-inch strip of thin, firm paper, the length of the page; fold through the middle lengthwise and paste down through the center fold of the leaves. A touch of paste along the fold of each will hold all the sheets together.
Open the book at the place where the section is loose.
(When the book is open the back of the book separates from the cover.)
Open the loose section and place it in the proper position in the book. Near the top and bottom in the center fold of the section will be seen the holes which were made by the binder.
Thread a needle with Barbour's linen thread No. 40, or Hayes' linen thread No. 25, and tie new thread to broken end of thread in book.
Pass the needle through the hole at the top of the loose section and out between the book and its loose back. Do not pull the thread clear through.
Drop the needle and thread down between the back of the book and the loose back to the bottom.
Run the needle and thread from the outside in through the hole at the bottom of the loose section.
Pass the needle and thread around again in the same way. Draw tight and tie with a hard knot at the point of beginning.
JOINTS
Books in the ordinary case or publishers' binding will, after a short period of use, show signs of weakness in the joints (where the book and cover are attached). The paper cracks and both it and the super on the back of the book loosen and unless immediate attention is given the stitching breaks and the book must go to the bindery.