| Age | Males | Females | Age | Males | Females |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At birth | 83 | 83 | 11 years | 80 | 79 |
| 1 year | 80 | 80 | 12 years | 80 | 79 |
| 2 years | 80 | 80 | 13 years | 80 | 79 |
| 3 years | 80 | 80 | 14 years | 80 | 79 |
| 4 years | 79 | 79 | 15 years | 80 | 79 |
| 5 years | 79 | 79 | 16 years | 80 | 79 |
| 6 years | 79 | 79 | 17 years | 80 | 79 |
| 7 years | 79 | 79 | 18 years | 80 | 79 |
| 8 years | 79 | 79 | 19 years | 80 | 79 |
| 9 years | 80 | 79 | 20 years | 80 | 79 |
| 10 years | 80 | 79 | —- | — | — |
Since it has been observed that the cranium in the course of its growth may assume forms, amounting even to apparent malformations (due chiefly to "bumps," either symmetrical or asymmetrical), which disappear during the evolution of the individual, the cephalic index, for the very reason that it does not represent a faithful description of the form, gives us precious aid in judging the cranium of the child, because it accurately determines the proportions between length and breadth which are destined to persist even in the adult, and hence serve to give, even in infancy, a sure indication of the ethnic type to which the child belongs.
Per cent.
- Negro Children
- Children born in Syria
- Children born in Russia
- Children born in Germany
- Children born in Ireland
- White Children born in America
- Children born in Italy
Fig. 74.
We owe to Dr. Ales Hrdlicka the extremely important graphic chart, which I will proceed to summarise, of the cephalic indices of children of various races: the central dotted line corresponds to the index 80: consequently the brachycephalics are indicated on the right, and the dolichocephalics on the left (Fig. 74).
In the case of Italy, the graphic line extends between the two extreme figures of 70 and 90, which are precisely the extreme limits that we have already noted for individual adults, in the case of the women of Latium: moreover, the curve is perceptibly symmetrical, although the brachycephalics are in the majority; a fact already established by Livi's mean averages. One might say that this curve was a graphic representation of Livi's two-colour method in his map of the cephalic index: one-half of Italy is brachycephalic and the other half is dolichocephalic; but since brachycephaly prevails in the northern half, a wider extent of territory is occupied by brachycephalics.
In America, where emigration brings every variety of humanity, the curve is even more symmetrical, and rests on a broader basis, representing widely separated extremes. Ireland also shows a very perceptible symmetry, the population being a mixture of Celts (brachycephalics) and of Scotch (northern blond dolichocephalics).