VERB

The verb indicates:

existence: to be.
state or condition: nominal predicate (copular): e.g., She is beautiful.
action: verbal predicate: e.g., I run.

Transitive (action upon an object different from subject) lay, throw, toss, hurl, roll, raise, lower, attach, touch, tie, cover, uncover, undo, invert, rub, spread, collect, scatter, sprinkle, stir, beat, mix, dissolve, flavor, arrange, clean, dust, sweep, button, lace, hook, brush, wash, wipe, embrace, etc., etc.
Intransitive (action remains in subject) grow, die, smile, laugh, stare, walk, stagger, march, sing, whistle, speak, hum, dance, shout, dine, bark, think, burst, blossom, remain, stand, rise, go, run, breathe, sigh, hesitate, weep, sleep, etc., etc.

Note: Certain verbs may be by nature both transitive and intransitive (incomplete predication).

Impersonals (the subject is it without reference to a specific object): rain, snow, hail, dawn, lighten, thunder, etc.

ADVERBS

of Manner: slowly, rapidly, silently, noisily, abruptly, loudly, strongly, weakly, moderately, well, ill, better, worse, otherwise, differently, thus, so, lightly, heavily, etc., etc.
of Place: here, there, elsewhere, up, down, forward, backward, upstairs, downstairs, etc., etc.
of Time: always, ever, never, again, still, yesterday, tomorrow,today, now, occasionally, before, afterwards, soon, etc., etc.
of Quantity: much, little, enough, nothing, more, less, least, most, about, only, too, very, etc.
of Comparison: more, less, than, etc.
of Affirmation: yes, certainly, precisely, indeed, surely, assuredly, truly, even, etc.
of Negation: no, never, not, at all, etc.
of Doubt: perhaps, perchance, almost, probably, etc.

PREPOSITION