1. He denies having been hired by the employer.
  2. Our friends, having arrived, joined us at dinner.
  3. The rain, falling incessantly, kept us from going.
  4. Having often seen him passing, I judged he lived near.
  5. The man, being discouraged and ill, was unable to do his work well.
  6. Happiness shared is happiness doubled.
  7. Having finished his work, he rests at last.
  8. The army, beaten but not vanquished, waited for the morrow.
  9. The men, having been unemployed for months, were desperate.
  10. Being prepared will not save us from war.
  11. "Rest is not quitting this busy career;
  12. Rest is the fitting of self to its sphere.
  13. It's loving and serving the highest and best;
  14. It's onward, not swerving; and that is true rest."

Exercise 2

Write the six participle forms of the verbs see and teach, and use in sentences of your own construction.

INFINITIVES

151. We have found that the various forms of the participles may be used as other parts of speech. They partake of the nature of a verb and either of a noun or an adjective. Notice the following sentences:

Can you think of any other way in which you could express the same thought? Do you not sometimes say,

We have expressed practically the same thought in these two sentences, which is expressed in the sentences above, where we used the participle. To travel and to eat are used as nouns, subjects of the verb is just as traveling and eating are used as nouns, the subjects of the verb is.

Here we have another form of the verb used as a noun. When we use the verb in this way, we are not speaking of the traveling or eating as belonging to or being done by any particular person, nor do we indicate whether one person or more than one is concerned in the action. It might be anyone doing the traveling or eating, and it might be one person or a thousand. We are making a general statement of everybody in the world, so we call this form the infinitive.