Exercise 9

Insert who, whose, whom, which, that or what in the blanks in the following sentences:

  1. Man is the only animal......uses a written speech.
  2. Can you save......you earn?
  3. Ricardo's law was that the workers always receive a wage......permits them to produce and reproduce.
  4. Have you read the book "War, What For"......Kirkpatrick wrote?
  5. Newspapers......distort the news......they print to serve the ruling class are dangerous foes to the workers.
  6. The massacre at Ludlow was an event......aroused the working class.
  7. They......live by the labor of others are drones in society and should be given the fate......they deserve.
  8. The big machine gun......will destroy slavery is the printing press.
  9. The man......leadership we should follow is he......preaches social equality.

Exercise 10

In the following quotations note the use of the pronouns and mark whether they are personal, relative or interrogative, whether they are used in the subject form, possessive form or object form:

  1. "Camerado, I give you my hand,
  2. I give you my love more precious than money,
  3. I give you myself before preaching or law;
  4. Will you give me yourself, will you come travel with me,
  5. Shall we stick by each other as long as we live?"
  6. "I think I could turn and live with animals they are so placid and self-contained,
  7. I stand and look at them long and long, they do not sweat and whine about their condition,
  8. They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins,
  9. They do not make me sick discussing their duty to God;
  10. Not one is dis-satisfied, not one is demented with the mania of owning things.
  11. Not one kneels to another nor to his kind, that lived thousands of years ago,
  12. Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth."
  13. —Whitman.

Exercise 11

Note the omission of the antecedent in the first sentence, also the use of the relative what in the last sentence of the first paragraph:

"Whoso would be a man, must be nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of our own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which, when quite young, I was prompted to make to a valued adviser who was wont to importune me with the dear old doctrines of the church. On my saying, "What have I to do with the sacredness of traditions, if I live wholly from within?" my friend suggested—"But these impulses may be from below, not from above." I replied, "They do not seem to me to be such; but if I am the devil's child, I will live then from the devil." No law can be sacred to me but that of my nature. Good and bad are but names very readily transferable to that or this; the only right is what is after my constitution; the only wrong what is against it.

A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines. With consistency a great soul has simply nothing to do. He may as well concern himself with his shadow on the wall. Out upon your guarded lips! Sew them up with pack threads, do. Else, if you would be a man, speak what you think today in words as hard as cannon balls, and tomorrow speak what tomorrow thinks in hard words again, though you contradict everything you said today. Ah, then, exclaim the aged ladies, you shall be sure to be misunderstood. Misunderstood! It is a right fool's word. Is it so bad then to be misunderstood? Pythagoras was misunderstood, and Socrates, and Jesus, and Luther, and Copernicus, and Galileo, and Newton, and every pure and wise spirit that ever took flesh. To be great is to be misunderstood."—Emerson.