CHRONOLOGICAL OUTLINE OF MRS. STOWE’S LIFE
- 1811, June 14. Harriet Elizabeth Beecher was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, daughter of Rev. Dr. Lyman Beecher.
- 1816. Death of her mother, Roxana Foote Beecher.
- 1816-1818. Harriet attends Dame School.
- 1817. Arrival of Harriet’s stepmother, Harriet Porter Beecher.
- 1823. Harriet’s essay on Immortality read at school exhibition.
- 1816, 1822, 1825, 1826, 1827. Visits to Foote homestead at Nut Plains, near Guilford, Connecticut.
- 1824-1832. Harriet as pupil and afterwards as teacher at her sister Catherine’s school in Hartford.
- 1825. Harriet writes a drama in blank verse called “Cleon.”
- 1825. Harriet becomes a member of the First Church in Hartford.
- 1826-1832. Pastorate of Dr. Beecher at Hanover Street Church in Boston. Harriet’s vacations at Boston and Guilford.
- 1832-1852. Dr. Beecher head of Lane Theological Seminary at Cincinnati, Ohio. Residence of family at Walnut Hills, suburb of Cincinnati.
- 1832-1834. Catherine and Harriet found a school at Cincinnati.
- 1833. Harriet a member of the Semi-colon Club.
- 1834. Harriet receives a prize for her first short story.
- 1833. Harriet visits a plantation in Kentucky and sees slave life.
- 1836, January. Marriage of Professor C. E. Stowe and Harriet Beecher.
- 1836, September. Birth of Mrs. Stowe’s twin daughters, Harriet Beecher and Eliza Tyler.
- 1838, January. Birth of her third child, Henry Ellis.
- 1840, May. Birth of her fourth child, Frederick William.
- 1843. Death of her brother, George, by accidental shooting.
- 1836-1850. Years of sickness, poverty and struggle.
- 1843, July. Birth of her fifth child, Georgiana May.
- 1843. Publication of her first book of stories.
- 1846-1847. Resort to a sanatorium in Vermont for her health.
- 1848, January. Birth of her sixth child, Samuel Charles.
- 1849. Cholera epidemic in Cincinnati; death of her youngest child.
- 1850-1852. Residence of the Stowe family in Brunswick, Maine. Professor Stowe at Bowdoin College.
- 1850, July. Birth of her seventh child, Charles Edward.
- 1850. The Fugitive Slave Law and slavery agitation.
- 1850, Mrs. Stowe’s vision of Uncle Tom’s death; writes first chapter.
- 1851, June-1852, April. “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” appears as a serial in “National Era.”
- 1852, March 10. Publication of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” in book form.
- 1852-1853. 300,000 copies sold in United States.
- 1852, August. “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” selling in England at rate of 1,000 a week.
- 1852. Mrs. Stowe in New York aiding escaped slaves.
- 1852-1863. Residence of Stowe family in Andover, Mass. Professor Stowe in Andover Theological Seminary.
- 1853, April-August. Professor and Mrs. Stowe traveling in England and Scotland.
- 1853, May. Meeting at Stafford House, London. “Address” of 500,000 English women, and the “shackle-bracelet” presented to Harriet Beecher Stowe.
- 1855-1856. Harriet Beecher Stowe aiding in the anti-slavery campaign in United States.
- 1856, July-1857, June. Traveling in England, France and Italy.
- 1856, August. Professor and Mrs. Stowe meet Queen Victoria.
- 1857, June. Death by drowning of their son, Henry Ellis.
- 1859, August-1860, July. Traveling in Switzerland and Italy.
- 1861, June. Visits her son’s regiment at Jersey City.
- 1862, November. Visit to Washington. The Contraband Dinner. Visit to Abraham Lincoln.
- 1863, July 11. Battle of Gettysburg. Her son, Fred, struck by a fragment of a shell.
- 1863-1870. Residence of the Stowe family in Hartford, Connecticut.
- 1864. Mrs. Stowe becomes an attendant of the Episcopal Church.
- 1869-1870. The Lady Byron Defence.
- 1867-1886. Spends the winters in Mandarin, Florida.
- 1872-1874. Giving public readings from her own works in New England and the west.
- 1882, June 14. Garden party given by her publishers at the residence of ex-Governor and Mrs. Claflin at Newtonville, Mass., in honor of her birthday.
- 1886. Death of Professor Stowe, of her brother, Henry Ward Beecher, and of her daughter, Georgiana May.
- 1896, July 1. Death of Harriet Beecher Stowe, aged eighty-five, at Hartford, Connecticut.
CONTENTS
| CHAPTER | PAGE | |
| I. | The Early Home of Harriet Beecher Stowe | [1] |
| II. | Work and Play in the Beecher Parsonage | [16] |
| III. | Harriet Beecher’s Schooling | [32] |
| IV. | Education in the Home | [51] |
| V. | The Books She Read | [70] |
| VI. | Dramatic Ventures | [83] |
| VII. | Studies and Teachers | [96] |
| VIII. | Some Steps Forward | [110] |
| IX. | A Pilgrimage | [122] |
| X. | The Western Home | [133] |
| XI. | The Founders of a School | [146] |
| XII. | The Semi-Colons | [158] |
| XIII. | Mrs. Stowe the Home-Maker | [171] |
| XIV. | Unconscious Preparation for a Work | [188] |
| XV. | The Great Inspiration | [204] |
| XVI. | “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” and Its Influence | [215] |
| XVII. | Wandering in Foreign Lands | [223] |
| XVIII. | A Unique Jubilee | [243] |
| XIX. | A Visit to Abraham Lincoln | [258] |
| XX. | Writing Stories of Old New England Life | [274] |
| XXI. | A Serene Old Age | [294] |
Harriet Beecher Stowe
CHAPTER I
THE EARLY HOME OF HARRIET BEECHER STOWE
In a little saucer-like valley of the lower Berkshires, where the hills stand about in a wide circle, lies that most beautiful of Connecticut villages, Litchfield. Here Harriet Beecher Stowe was born. There was not a day when she and her brothers and sisters did not run to the window to see that blue rim of hills, and even when they were grown into women and men they did not forget the charm of their early home in the mountains. From the door of the house where they lived there was an extended view. Here Harriet often stood and looked over to the distant horizon, where Mt. Tom reared its round, blue head against the sky, and the Great and Little Ponds gleamed out amid a steel-blue expanse of distant pine groves. Turning to the west, she saw a rounded height called Prospect Hill, and many a pensive, wondering hour she sat on the stone threshold of that doorway, watching the splendor of the sunsets that burned themselves out beyond that hill. Harriet often said that her home was at the precise point of the country where the hills were most inspiring and vivacious, reminding one of the Psalm, “The little hills rejoice on every side.” Mountains are grand, she thought, and sometimes even dreary; but these half-grown hills uplift one like the waves of the sea.
Once when Harriet returned by stage-coach from a visit to her relatives down in Guilford, she could not restrain her raptures on beholding her mountains again. As the quaint old coach went lumbering along the winding road, the keen-eyed little girl leaned out of the window, peering in every direction, determined to let no bluebird’s flight escape her and no columbine flower pass unadmired. She took in all the sweeping bends of the beautiful brown river and watched the curves of water as they flowed over the shining rocks. After a while the coach wound up amid hemlock forests whose solemn shadows were all aglow with pink clouds of blossoming laurel. Presently they entered into great vistas of mountains whose cloudy, purple heads stretched and veered around the path like moving forms in a dream. There were the hills which meant home. Writing about this years afterward, she cried out, “Can there be anything on earth as beautiful as these mountain rides in New England?” So she gave to her childhood’s home the name of Cloudland, and its inheritance of clear air and height and spaciousness became a part of her nature.
Any one would have loved the quiet village in 1811, the year when Harriet Beecher was born, with the large Green in the center on which stood the meeting-house where her honored father, Dr. Lyman Beecher, preached. From here extended to the four points of the compass the four spacious avenues, North, South, East, and West Streets, all of them thickly planted with double rows of fine elm trees, through which one could see the stately colonial mansions that had been there since before the days of the Revolution.
These mansions had looked upon many a thrilling scene, for in those Revolutionary days the town of Litchfield had been a place of great activity. The direct state road from Boston across to West Point and thence down the river to the city of New York passed at that time through the town, making connection with the station for military stores that were kept there. So on training days there would be dramatic episodes on the ample Green, while on many a dark night that great message-bearer, Paul Revere, would ride swiftly and mysteriously through the town.