The following are some of the principal kinds of dry fruits:—

A capsule is a dry, dehiscent (splitting) fruit, composed of more than one carpel or division;

an akene is a small, dry, hard, one-celled, one-seeded indehiscent fruit;

a follicle is a pod formed from a single pistil, dehiscing along the ventral suture only;

a legume is a simple pericarp, opening by both seams.

a samara is a dry, indehiscent fruit, having a wing.

The following are some of the principal kinds of fleshy fruits:—

A pome is a fruit like an apple or pear;

the pepo, or gourd, fruit is like that of the melon, squash, etc.;

the drupe is like that of the cherry, plum, and peach;

the berry is like that of the grape, currant, and tomato.

Aggregate fruits are those in which a cluster of carpels, all of one flower, are crowded upon the receptacle into one mass; as in the raspberry and blackberry.


IMPORTANT PLANT FAMILIES AND GENERA

[To avoid too long technical descriptions in the body of the work, a few of the more important plant families and genera have been inserted below, to which reference has been made in the technical descriptions.]

FAMILIES

Cruciferæ. Mustard Family.