Phacelia, Juss. Baby-eyes or Waterleaf Family.
Herbs, mostly branched from the base and hairy. Leaves.—Alternate; the lower sometimes opposite; simple or compound. Flowers.—Usually in one-sided scorpioid racemes. Calyx.—Deeply five-parted; without appendages. Corolla.—From almost rotate to narrowly funnel-form; five-lobed; with ten vertical plates or scales at the base within. Stamens.—Five; equally inserted low or at the base of the corolla. Ovary.—One-celled. Styles two; or one which is two-cleft. Fruit.—A capsule.
The name Phacelia is from a Greek word signifying a fascicle, or bunch, and refers to the fascicled or clustered flower-racemes.
This genus is closely allied to Nemophila, but differs from it in several points. The calyx is not furnished with appendages at the sinuses; the corolla is imbricated in the bud—i.e. the lobes overlap one another in the manner of bricks in a wall,—and is not convolute, or rolled up, as in Nemophila.
This is mainly a North American genus, having about fifty species, about thirty of which are Californian. Many of the species have beautiful and showy flowers, and are cultivated in gardens. The blossoms are blue, violet, purple, or white, but never yellow (save sometimes in the tube or throat).
Mimulus, L. Figwort Family.
Leaves.—Opposite; simple. Flowers.—Axillary on solitary peduncles; sometimes becoming racemose by the diminution of the upper leaves to bracts. Calyx.—Tubular or campanulate; mostly five-angled and five-toothed. Corolla.—Funnel-form; bilabiate; the upper lip erect, two-lobed; the lower three-lobed; a pair of ridges, either bearded or naked, running down the lower side of the throat. Stamens.—Four. Anthers often near together in pairs, with divergent cells. Ovary.—Superior; two-celled. Style filiform. Stigma two-lipped, with the lips commonly dilated and petaloid.
The genus Mimulus is so named from the shape of the corolla, which is supposed to resemble the gaping countenance of an ape. It comprises forty or fifty species, and affords us some of our most beautiful flowers. The greater number of species and the handsomest are Pacific, and several of our Californian species are especially prized in cultivation.
The plants of the genus are all known as "monkey-flowers." They exhibit an interesting character in the structure and movements of the stigma. It is usually composed of two somewhat expanded lips. These are extremely sensitive, and when touched, or when pollen has been received by them, they close quite rapidly.
Orthocarpus, Nutt. Figwort Family.