ILLUSTRATIONS
TO
THE FIRST VOLUME.

(The Author is indebted to the works of Dr. Carpenter, Rev. M. J. Berkeley, Mr.

Gosse, and Mr. Darwin, for the larger part of these Illustrations.)

FIG. PAGE
[89.]Eucyrtidium cranoidesfrontispiece
[1.]Form of stratified discharge in a vacuum tube79
[2.]Form of stratified discharge in a vacuum tube, as affected by an electro-magnet81
[3.]Development of Ulva171
[4.]Vertical section of the cuticle of Iris germanica173
[5.]Longitudinal section of stem of Italian reed176
[6.]Palmoglœa macrococca182
[7.]Protococcus pluvialis184
[8.]Volvox globator189
[9.]Various species of Staurastrum192
[10.]Economy of Closterium Lunula193
[11.]Diatoma vulgare and Grammatophora serpentina197
[12.]Biddulphia pulchella198
[13.]Pleurosigma angulatum199
[14.]Actinocyclus undulatus200
[15.]Meridion circulare201
[16.]Bacillaria paradoxa203
[17.]Cell multiplication in Conferva glomerata207
[18.]Zoospores208
[19.]Threads of Rivularia nitida215
[20.]Trichodesmium erythræum216
[21.]Conjugation of Zygnema quininum217
[22.]Ulva latissima225
[23.]Polyides rotundus and Furcellaria fastigiata229
[24.]Vertical sections of conceptacles of Gracilaria armata, Grinnelia americana, and Corallina officinalis230
[25.]Callithamnion corymbosum232
[26.]Rhabdonia Coulteri, Sphærococcus coronopifolius, Wrangelia penicillata, and Cruoria pellita236
[27.]Dictyurus purpurascens242
[28.]Polyzonia cuneifolia243
[29.]Fruit of various species of Ectocarpus245
[30.]Dictyota dichotoma247
[31.]Vertical section of receptacle of Fucus platycarpus254
[32.]Various species of Pucciniæi276
[33.]Puccinia Graminis280
[34.]Various species of Mucedines286
[35.]Torula Cerevisiæ, showing successive stages of cell-multiplication287
[36.]Various species of Sphæriacei294
[37.]Various species of Lichens299
[38.]Sporopodium Leprieurii, Coccocarpia smaragdina, and Lecanora affinis300
[39.]Paulia perforata, Calicium tympanellum, and Graphis Leprevostei301
[40.]Nitella flexilis302
[41.]Antheridia of Chara fragilis314
[42.]Further development of antheridia of Chara fragilis315
[43.]Marchantia polymorpha317
[44.]Anatomy of frond of Marchantia polymorpha318
[45.]Archegonia of Marchantia polymorpha319
[46.]Elater and spores of Marchantia319
[47.]Funaria hygrometrica324
[48.]Polytrichum commune, group of antheridia325
[49.]Polytrichum commune, development of spermatozoids325
[50.]Microscopic structure of leaves of mosses330
[51.]Development of spores of Pteris serrulata336
[52.]Antheridium and spermatozoids of Pteris serrulata338
[53.]Archegonium of Pteris serrulata338
[54.]Section of footstalk of fern frond341
[55.]Pinnule of Polypodium bearing sori342
[56.]Sporangia of Polypodiaceous ferns343
[57.]Pinnule of Lastrea Filix-mas with sori346
[58.]Sorus and indusium of Polystichum or Aspidium347
[59.]Pinna of Polystichum Lonchitis348
[60.]Sorus and cup-shaped indusium of Deparia prolifera350
[61.]Scolopendrium vulgare351
[62.]Athyrium Filix-fœmina353
[63.]Asplenium Ruta-muraria353
[64.]Ceterach officinarum355
[65.]Blechnum Spicant357
[66.]Pteris aquilina357
[67.]Adiantum Capillus-Veneris359
[68.]Trichomanes radicans361
[69.]Hymenophyllum tunbridgense362
[70.]Equisetum giganteum368
[71.]Pilularia minuta371
[72.]Orchis mascula, side view of flower389
[73.]Orchis mascula, front view of flower390
[74.]Orchis mascula, pollinium391
[75.]Orchis mascula, pollen grains391
[76.]Orchis mascula, pollinia392
[77.]Orchis pyramidalis, front view of flower393
[78.]Orchis pyramidalis, side view of flower394
[79.]Orchis pyramidalis, disc with one pollinium395
[80.]Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, attached to disc395
[81.]Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, with disc contracted395
[82.]Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, withdrawn395
[83.]Epipactis palustris, side views of flower397
[84.]Epipactis palustris, side view and dissection of flower398
[85.]Listera ovata, side view of flower399

Errata.

Page 3, line 5 from bottom, insert the before earth

59, line 19, dele the

59, line 21, dele the

59, lines 20 and 22, for part read parts

100, In the Table of Atomic Weights, read Copper 32; Zinc 32·5; Rubidium 86; Cæsium 133