Abbeville, condemnation of the
chevalier de la Barre at, II. [84].
Academy, the French, its judgment
on the "Cid," I. [47]. Cardinal de
Richelieu's marginal observations
on that critique, [48]. Question of
electing Molière, [141]. La Fontaine,
academician, [167]. Boileau's
election, [167]. The "Dictionary"
of, [168]. Furetière's Dictionary
in competition to it, [168].
Academy of Sciences, the French
Royal, II. [25].
Æschylus, I. [40718 ].
Alembert, see [D'Alembert].
Amelot, M., secretary of state, II.
[46], [47].
Angennes, Mlle. Julie d', deity of
the Hôtel Rambouillet, I. [108].
Duchess of Montauzier, [123].
[263], n.
Angennes, Angélique, married to
the chevalier de Grignan, I. [247],
[248].
Anne of Austria, regent during the
minority of Louis XIV., I. [66].
She withdraws from Paris, with
the young king and Mazarin, to
St. Germain, [70]. The capital
blockaded by Condé, [70]. A short
peace, [71].
Antoine, Faubourg St., battle
between Condé and Turenne near
the gates of the, I. [81]. Turenne
victorious, [81].
Arbuthnot, Dr., character of, I. [30].
Argenson, M. d', anecdote relative
to, I. [235].
Argental, count d', II. [53]. [100].
Ariosto, I. [154]. Imitated by La Fontaine,
[165]. [181].
Aristotle, controversy respecting,
excited by Rabelais, I. [31]. Ramus's
Anti-Stagyrite, [31].
Arlechino, or Harlequin, Italian
actor, I. [102].
Arnaud, Antony, the abbé, controversialist,
I. [198]. [267]. [315]. [339].
Arnaud d'Andilli, brother of Antony,
I. [198].
Arnaud, Angélique, abbess of Port
Royal, I. [198].
Arouet, M., father of Voltaire, II. [4].
[7]. [9]. [11].
Artagnan, M. d', I. [223], n.
Assoucy, d', musician and poet,
kindly entertained during his
peregrinations by Molière and his
brother comedians, I. [104].
Atmospheric air, properties of, I. [191].
B.
Bacon, Francis lord, his opinion of
Rabelais, I. [23].
Ballads, Spanish and Moorish, I.
[45].
Balzac, poetry of, I. [153].
Barante, M., his "Literature of the
Eighteenth Century," II. [14], n.
Bardou, French poet, I. [265].
Baron, excellent comedian, I. [131].
[132]. [143].
Barre, chevalier de la, execution of
the, II. [84].
Beauvilliers, duke de, I. [335].
Béjart, brothers, comedians in Molière's
troop, I. [102]. Facetiousness
of the younger, [121].
Béjart, Madeleine, actress, her
beauty, I. [102].
Béjart, Armande, is married by
Molière, I. [102]. Their union infelicitous,
[117]. [131]. Implores
Louis XIV. that her deceased
husband should be buried in holy
ground, [140]. She marries M.
Guérin, comedian, [148].
Bellay, du, archbishop of Paris,
friendly to Rabelais, I. [24], [25]. [27].
Ambassador from Francis I. to
Paul III., [28]. He receives Rabelais
in his household at Paris,
[33]. Supposed dying message by
Rabelais to, [39].
Bellerose, Pierre le Meslier named,
tragedian, I. [98].
Benedictine order, claims of for
respect, I. [25].
Benserade, court poet, I. [226].
Bergerac, Cyrano de, I. [99].
Bernier, traveller in the East, I. [99].
[100].
Bible, English, an example for
language, I. [61].
Boccaccio, his works acknowledged
to be diverting by La Fontaine, I.
[154]. [181].
Boétie, Etienne de la, friendship of
Montaigne for, I. [7]. Latin poem
by, [16]. Death-bed of, [9].
Boileau Despréaux, Nicholas, epigram
on Corneille by, I. [57]. His
high estimate of Molière's genius,
[97]. [118]. [146]. His regret for the
loss of Molière's early farces, [105].
He criticises "Les Fourberies de
Scapin," [134]. His advice to Molière,
[142]. His poetry remarkable
for wit, but without humour,
[146]. His observations on La
Fontaine, [160]. [165]. In favour
with Louis XIV., [163]. Is elected
of the French Academy, [167].
His admiration of the "Lettres
Provinciales" of Pascal, [202].
His father, Giles Boileau, [259].
Birth of Nicholas in 1636, [259].
At school he commenced writing
poetry, [260]. Studies law, and
named advocate, [261]. Attacks
Chapelain and Cotin, [263]. [265].
Substitutes fresh victims of his
satire in place of such as had
surrendered at discretion, [265].
His friends, [267]. He speaks of
his own success, [268], n. His "Art
Poétique," [270]. The "Lutrin,"
[270]. Passages from, [272]-[279].
Leigh Hunt's parallel of Boileau
and Pope, [271], n. Boileau eulogises
Louis XIV., and is favourably
received at court, [278]. Is
named historiographer conjointly
with Racine, [279]. These poets
accompany Louis to Ghent, [280].
Is liable in camp to alarms,
his phlegmatic disposition, [281].
His conversations with madame
de Maintenon and Racine, [283].
Desires a seat in the French
Academy, [167]. [284]. Repairs to
the baths of Bourbon for health,
[285]. His correspondence by
letter of much interest, [285].
[286]. Is indignant as to Perrault's
"Siècle de Louis Quatorze,"
[287]. His Satire on Women,
[288]. His pension, [289]. His
tender regard for Racine, [289].
He loses his valued friend, [290].
His interview with Louis as sole
historiographer, [291]. His retirement,
[291]. His amusements in
old age, [291]. Sells his house at
Auteuil, [292]. His piety, [293].
Completes an edition of his works,
[293]. Account of several of his
works, [293]. et passim. Dies of
dropsy on the chest at seventy-five
years of age, [294]. His superior
wit, [294]. His verses highly
finished and regular, [295]. The
"Lutrin" his best poem, [295].
Teaches Racine that easy versification
is the result of painstaking,
[307]. He reconciles Antoine
Arnaud, and Racine, [315]. His
enduring kindness for Racine,
[327]. His name of Despréaux, II.
[21].
Boisrobert, French poet, I. [43]. [47].
Bonaparte, general, his first interview
with madame de Staël, II.
[322]. Appointed first consul, [323].
Surmises as to the causes of Bonaparte's
enmity, [324]. His interview
with M. Necker, [325]. He
permits madame de Staël to reside
in Paris, [326]. Not being lauded
by her, he seizes her "Germany,"
and exiles her from France, [332].
On his return from Elba, invites
her to assist him in forming a
constitution; her answer, [340].
Bonnecorse, French writer, I. [265].
[266].
Bordeaux, the father of Montaigne
mayor of, I. [1]. Michel Montaigne
(the Essayist) mayor, [19]. Re-election
of Montaigne, [19]. Warfare
of the Fronde against the
royal party, at, [73]. The prince of
Condé joyfully received by the
Bordelais, [77]. Molière patronised
by the duke d'Epernon at, [102].
Bose, M., letter from madame Roland
to, II. [272]. He visits her in
prison, [289].
Bossuet, bishop of Meaux, witnesses
the death of the duke of Rochefoucauld,
I. [90]. His intended marriage,
[334]. Abandons it for the
church, [334]. Appointed preceptor
to the dauphin, [334]. [336]. His
funeral oration on Henrietta, duchess
of Orléans, [334], n. His "Discours
sur l'Histoire Universelle,"
[334]. He causes the misfortunes
of Fénélon by his zeal against the
doctrines of quietisme, [345]. No
reconciliation takes place between
Bossuet and Fénélon, [356].
Bonhours, le père, jesuit, I. [203], n.
Bouillon, duke of, I. [73]. His death
of typhus fever, [82].
Bouillon, duchess of, I. [70]. Niece
of Mazarin, 158. She conducts La
Fontaine to Paris, [159]. [172]. [177].
Bouillon, M., his "Joconde," I. [165].
Bourdaloue, le père, I. [202], n. [257], n.
Said to surpass his instructor,
Bossuet, in pulpit eloquence, [334].
Boursault, French dramatic author,
I. [265]. His visit to Boileau, [266].
Bretons, character of this race, I.
[216]. Their loyalty romantic and
excessive, [216].
Brissot, M., and the Girondists, II.
[273]. [314]. He falls into disrepute,
[276]. Their known moderation,
[281]. [283]. Louvet accuses Robespierre,
but is ill supported except
by the Gironde deputies, [284]. Act
of accusation against them, [290].
Execution of Brissot, [291].
Brittany, province of, I. [214]. [216].
Affairs of, [243].
Broglie, duke de, espouses Albertine,
daughter of madame de
Staël, II. [340].
Bruyère, see [La Bruyère].
Buchanan, George, applauds the
early teaching Latin to Montaigne,
I. [4].
Budæus, referred to as to Rabelais,
I. [24].
Burke, right hon. Edmund, his opinion
of Oliver Goldsmith, I. [182].
Burgundy, duke of, grandson of
Louis XIV., his preceptors, I. [335].
[359]. [364]. His death, [365]. II. [10].
[Bussy-Rabutin], Roger, count de,
cousin of madame de Sévigné, I.
[217]. Her letters to the count,
[217]. His letters to madame de
Sévigné, [217]. [219]. Particulars of
his career, [218], n. His licentious
works, [221].
C.
Cailhava, his "Art de la Comédie,"
I. [154], n.
Calas, Jean, inquiry into the injustice
of the condemnation of, II. [80].
Calonne, administration of this financier,
II. [304].
Calvin, John, his reproof of Rabelais,
I. [31].
Castro, Guillen de, the "Cid" of, I.
[45].
Catherine II., her correspondence
with M. de Voltaire, II. [107].
Caumartin, M. de, II. [10].
Cavoie, M. de, I. [281]. [317].
Chamfort, his éloge of Molière, I.
[148].
Champmélé, mademoiselle de, celebrated
actress, I. [307].
Charles VI., the emperor, death of,
II. [42].
Chapelain, French poet and critic,
I. [47]. [48]. Character of, [262]. His
poem of "La Pucelle d'Orléans,"
[262]. [263], n. Other allusions to,
[301].
Chapelle, poet, education of, I. [99].
His good-fellowship, [115]. [131]. [132].
Allusions to, [216].
Chateauneuf, the abbé de, II. [5]. [6].
Chateauneuf, marquis de, II. [7].
Châteauroux, duchess of, II. [44]. [47].
Châtelet, marquis du, his castle of
Cirey affords a refuge to Voltaire,
II. [24]. [26].
Châtelet, madame du, Voltaire's
intimacy with, II. [21]. She learns
English of Voltaire, [25]. [26]. Her
literary taste, [25]. [29]. She revisits
Paris with Voltaire, [42]. Visits
Sceaux, [48]. Her death, [52].
Châtillon, duchess of, I. [217].
Chaulnes, duke of, governor of Britany,
I. [248].
Chaulnes, duchess of, I. [243]. [248]. [252].
Chavigni, duke of, I. [82].
Chevreuse, duchess de, favourite of
Anne, regent of France, I. [64]. [65].
[66]. Is banished, [67].
Chimène, or Ximena, part of, critique,
I. [45]. [46].
Choiseul, duke of, II. [81]. [82]. [101].
"Cid," the, of Guillen de Castro, I.
[45]. [101].
"Cinna," tragedy of, by Corneille,
I. [49].
Cirey, château of the marquis du
Châtelet in Champagne, II. [24]. [27].
Voltaire's mode of life there, [28].
Clairon, mademoiselle, actress, II. [44].
Clement VII., pope, I. [25].
Clement XI., I. [367].
Colbert, minister of Louis XIV., I.
[163]. [166]. [222]. [287], n. [301].
Colletet, French author, I. [43].
Comedy, French: Corneille's "Mélite,"
I. [42]. His "Illusion," [44].
His "Le Menteur," [51]. Racine's
"Les Plaideurs," [53]. See [Theatre].
Condé, the great prince of, I. [53]. [60].
Defeats the Spaniards at Rocroi,
[67]. Blockades Paris, [70]. Is imprisoned,
[70]. And liberated by de
Retz and the Frondeurs, [73].
Joined by the Spaniards in the
south of France, [77]. Quits Guienne
to join the forces of the duke of
Nemours, [78]. Perilous journey,
[79]. Is opposed by Turenne, [80].
Contest between these great commanders
near Paris, [81]. The Parisians
show great regard for him,
[82]. On occasion of a tumult and
partial massacre, he incurs their
hatred, [82]. His admiration of
Molière, [113]. [124]. Further allusions
to, [278]. [313]. [327]. [331].
Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine de
Caritat, marquis de, born in Picardy,
II. [175]. His scientific works,
[172]. et seq. His examination of
the "Pensées de Pascal," [177].
Intimacy with men of science, [178].
Replies to Necker's book, [178]. His
edition of Voltaire, and a life of
that author, [103]. [178]. Replies to
De Lolme on the English Constitution,
[179]. Character of Condorcet,
[179]. What share he had in the
French revolution, [180]. Violent
speech of against monarchy, [182].
[184]. His political writings, [182].
[184]. [187]. Supports in his speeches
the cause of liberty, [182]. [184]. [187].
Esteemed for his integrity, [184].
His metaphysical deductions, [185].
His enlarged views regarding
national education, [186]. His vote
went to save Louis XVI., [188].
Denounced by Chabot, as an
accomplice of Brissot, [190]. His
"Historical Sketch of the Progress
of the Human Mind," [190].
His views of human perfection,
[191]. His epistle in verse
to his wife, [192]. He retires to
Chamont, [192]. Is discovered, and
imprisoned at Bourg-la-Reine,
[193]. Dies of cold and hunger in
jail, [193]. His character as given
by madame Roland, [193]. His wife
escaped the dangers of the revolution,
[194]. She wrote some philosophical
works, [194].; and died
in 1822, [194]. Mademoiselle de
Condorcet married Arthur
O'Connor, [194].
Conti, Armand de Bourbon, prince
of, I. [60]. [68]. Engaged in the civil
war on the side of the Fronde,
I. [60]. [68]. Holds out in Bordeaux
and Guienne for several years,
[83], n. Educated in the college
of Clermont, [99]. He patronizes
Molière at Pezenas, [105]. [106]. Allusions
to, [236].
Conti, the princess of, I. [286].
Conti, the prince of, entertains
J. J. Rousseau, II. [159]. Affords
him a refuge, [162].
Corbinelli, M., account of, I. [256].
His wit, [237]. His letters, [245].
Corneille, Pierre, the father of
French tragedy, I. [40]. His parents,
[40]. His brother, Thomas
Corneille, also a dramatist of celebrity,
[41]. His sister Marthe,
mother of Fontenelle, [41]. Taught
at Rouen by Jesuits, [41]. His first
work, "Mélite," a comedy, [42].
Mediocrity of his first dramas,
[42]. Corrects the plays of Richelieu,
[43]. His associates in that
task, [43]. He retires from Paris
to Rouen, [43]. His poems to madame
Du Pont, [43]. His "Medée"
unsuccessful, [44]. "Illusion," a
comedy, [44]. His genius fires with
the study of Spanish dramas, [44].
Reads the "Cid" of Guillen de
Castro, [45]. Corneille's drama of
the "Cid," [45]. [46]. [101]. Its plot
and action, [101]. Its renown, [47].
Critique of the "Cid," by the Académie
Française, [47]. [48]. Richelieu's
observations thereon, [48].
Corneille's tragedy of "Horace,"
[48]. His tragedy of "Cinna,"
[49]. "Polyeucte," [50]. His
comedy of "Le Menteur," [51].
"Rodogune," [52]. Ill success of
"Don Sancho," "Theodore,"
and "Pertharite," [52]. His "Essays
on the Theatre," [54]. His
translation of the "Imitation of
Jesus Christ," [54]. Tragedy of
"Œdipe," [54]. Its success, [54]. His
genius afterwards unequal to his
former fame, [54]. Pension granted
him by Louis XIV., [55]. [60]. Character
of the great dramatist, [60].
His fruitless attempts in later
tragedies, [56]. His "Agesilas
and Attila," [57]. His wife and
sister described, [56]. Is established
in Paris, [56]. Parallel of Racine
and Corneille, [57]. "Berenice,"
a subject treated by both poets,
[58]. Corneille less successful than
his rival, [59]. "Pulchérie," and
"Suréna," his last plays, [59].
Death of Corneille, aged seventy-nine,
[59]. Unison of his character
with his works, [59]. Public applause
of the poet, [60]. Eloge of,
by Racine, [61]. A great-niece of,
adopted by Voltaire, [61], n. II. [78].
His sons, I. [61]. Allusions to, [262].
Corneille, Thomas, dramatic author,
I. [41]. Success of his "Timocrates,"
[56]. "Le Comte d'Essex"
popular, [56]. He and his
brother Pierre marry the demoiselles
de Lamperière, [56]. Harmony
of the Corneille family, [56].
Some quotations from, [43], n. [55], n.
[59], n.
Corneille, Marthe, the mother of
Fontenelle, I. [41]. [56].
Cotin, l'Abbé, his death hastened
by critics and satirists, I. [147].
Molière's attack on, [153], [154]. Boileau's
satire on, [263].
Coulanges, Marie de, baronne de
Chantal, mother of madame de
Sévigné, I. [215].
Coulanges, Christophe de, abbé de
Livry, takes charge of his orphan
niece, madame de Sévigné, I.
[215]. His consolations afforded her
on the death of the marquis her
husband, [218]. His death, [251].
Coulanges, M. de, cousin of madame
de Sévigné, I. [232]. Lawsuit
of, pleaded by himself, [232]. Dialogue
in verse by, [232], n. Impromptu
by, [235]. His death,
[235].
Coulanges, madame de, I. [232]. Celebrated
for wit and beauty, [234].
[339].
Couvreur, mademoiselle, death and
mode of sepulture of this actress,
II. [23].
Crébillon, dramatic poet, II. [43]. [50].
A rival of Voltaire, [51]. [57].
Cuspidius, Lucius, will of, I. [37].
D.
[D'Alembert], M., proverbial saying
of, I. [163]. Remarks of, [334]. [336].
His éloge of Fénélon, [345], n. [369].
[371]. The Encyclopédie, II. [77].
His friendship with Condorcet,
[176].
D'Angeau, marquis do, I. [58]. His
fortune at play, [244], n.
Dauphin, the, son of Louis XIV.,
I. [334]. [336], n.
Davenport, Mr., permits Rousseau
to occupy his house at Wotton in
Derbyshire, II. [160].
Denis, madame, niece of Voltaire,
II. [53]. [55]. [58]. [69]. [89]. [98]. [99]. [105].
Descartes, his celebrity for science,
I. [185].
Desfontaines, the abbé, II. [31], [32].
Deshoulières, madame, her sonnet
on Racine's "Phèdre," I. [312].
Des Marais, bishop of Chartres, I.
[342].
Des Marets, French academician, I.
[47].
Devaux, M., II. [33].
Diderot, M., writes a large portion
of the Encyclopédie, II. [77]. That
work was condemned by the parliament
and clergy, and suppressed,
[77]. Is confined at Vincennes
for publishing a pamphlet,
[133]. Visited by J. J. Rousseau,
[133]. High reputation of, [171].
Drama, the: France indebted to
Spanish tragic authors, I. [41]. [45].
In comedy to Lope di Vega, [51].
The Greek drama not suitable to
modern times, [305]. Voltaire's critique
on the tragedies of Sophocles,
II. [15]. See [Theatre].
Dubois, cardinal, II. [10].
Du Deffand, la marquise, letter
from Voltaire to, II. [89]. [103].
Dumouriez, general, minister for
foreign affairs, II. [277]. [278]. [314].
Dupin, madame, II. [128]. [129].
Duprat, chancellor, invades the
privileges of the faculty at Montpellier,
I. [27]. The gift of tongues
an introduction of Rabelais to, [27].
Dupuis, M. and madame, II. [89].
Duverdier, the Bibliothèque Française
of, I. [39]. His Prosographie,
[39].
E.
Encyclopédie, by MM. Diderot,
d'Alembert, Voltaire, and others,
II. [77]. [148].
Enville, duchess d', II. [81].
Epinay, madame d', II. [138]. [143]. [145].
[164].
Etallonde, the chevalier d', II. [86].
[107].
Euripides, I. [40].
F.