Cæsar Borgia raised to the Rank of Cardinal; his Dislike to the
Church
His Jealousy of his Brother, the Duke of Candia, whom he
causes to be waylaid and murdered
He abdicates the Cardinal's Hat, and obtains the Duchy of
Valence in France
He determines to form the Principality in Italy
His Encroachments supported by an Alliance with Louis XII.